according to declaration of independence all men are born with what

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness

Explanation:

so technically all men are created with freedom, equality And rights

Answer 2

Answer:

The Declaration states that all men are created equally


Related Questions

What was the main cause of the turmoil that led up to the crusades?

Answers

Explanation:

what the main cause of the turmoil that led up to the crusades is "The Crusades were a series of military campaigns organised by Christian powers in order to retake Jerusalem and the Holy Land back from Muslim control. There would be eight officially sanctioned crusades between 1095 CE and 1270 CE and many more unofficial ones. Each campaign met with varying successes and failures but, ultimately, the wider objective of keeping Jerusalem and the Holy Land in Christian hands failed. Nevertheless, the appeal of the crusading ideal continued right up to the 16th century CE, and the purpose of this article is to consider what were the motivating factors for crusaders, from the Pope to the humblest warrior, especially for the very first campaign which established a model to be followed thereafter."

I hope this helped you

The Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. In all, eight major Crusade expeditions occurred between 1096 and 1291. The bloody, violent and often ruthless conflicts propelled the status of European Christians, making them major players in the fight for land in the Middle East.

What theory has Jeffrey Rose proposed about the migration of Paleolithic people?

Answers

Answer:

so I'm pretty sure its the second paragraph

Explanation:

It is in the second paragraph

What can you infer from the fact that the first Civil War battles had spectators?
A People enjoyed spending time outdoors
B people did not realize how serious the war would become
C People did not know that war could be violent
D People realized that the war would last for years

Answers

Answer:

D. People realized that the war would last for years.

Explanation:

Answer: It's B  |  People did not realize how serious the war would become.

Explanation:

Britain become the greatest colonial power after:
1. The 7 year war
2. The revolutionary war
3. the Great War

Answers

Answer:

The Revolutionary War

Explanation:

It would be the 7 years war due to the fact that the Revolution and The Great War all happened after Britain lost its power

pleeeeeeese help Which of the following tools did Sumerians use to write with?


lead pencils


reed pens


handmade paper


inks and dyes

Answers

Answer: (C) Reed Pens

the answer is, reed pens

name two of the powers given to congress by the constitution

Answers

Answer:

the exclusive power to declare war and to make rules for the military, hope this helps

Explanation:

Anne Putnam was one of the first girls in Salem to accuse people of witchcraft. You can read this article to learn more about Anne Putnam.


Primary source: In 1706, Anne made a public apology for her role in the trials. She was the only accuser to do so. Read this confession that Anne read out loud in the church. Once you are done, answer the question below:


Why do you think Anne Putnam claims she was deluded by Satan? Do you think she takes full responsibility for her actions? Why or why not? Write a brief answer to support your opinion in 50 to 75 words.

links below

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Ann Putnam

Born October 18, 1679

Salem Village, Massachusetts Bay Colony

;( 1716 (aged 36–37)

Anne Putnam claims she was deluded by satan because she wanted the claims of her being a witch to end. She did not take responsibility for her actions and instead blamed it on satan in order for the people of Salem to end their accusations. She was never a witch, but only a woman who wanted to be free of the harsh claims put against her.

Which religious issues did the rulers of the Mughal Empire face? Mark all correct answers below.
A. to bring Hindus and Muslims together


B. to restore unity among Christians


C. to rule a large population that belonged to a different religion


D. to encourage all subjects to embrace the same religion

Answers

Answer:

The answer Is C. to rule a large population.

Explanation:

looked it up

The answer is C large population

Per the 25th Amendment, when the president becomes temporarily disabled, __________.
A. the vice president automatically assumes the presidency
B. Congress must vote to decide whether or not the vice president should assume the presidency
C. he or she must submit a letter to Congress notifying them that he or she has appointed a cabinet-level official to the presidency
D. he or she must submit a letter to Congress advising of the temporary condition before the vice president assumes the presidency
Brainlest and 40 pts plsss help!!!!

Answers

Answer:

D.

Explanation:

Answer:

it is C

Explanation:

he or she must submit a letter to Congress advising of the temporary condition before the vice president assumes the presidency

describe how the mississippi river has affected farming and industry

Answers

Answer:

Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) are large industrial operations that raise large numbers of animals for food. Runoff from animal waste that is improperly stored or improperly applied to crop land as fertilizer can wash into waterways.

Explanation:

Hope this helps!!

Answer:

Because of the nitrogen and phrosphorus agricultural pollution present in Mississipi river

What was the main cause of the turmoil that led up to the crusades?

Answers

While the Crusades ultimately resulted in defeat for Europeans and a Muslim victory, many argue that they successfully extended the reach of Christianity and Western civilization. The Roman Catholic Church experienced an increase in wealth, and the power of the Pope was elevated after the Crusades ended.
Trade and transportation also improved throughout Europe as a result of the Crusades. The wars created a constant demand for supplies and transportation, which resulted in ship-building and the manufacturing of various supplies.



I hope this helps!!!!!!!!

Which statement best supports the thesis that George Washington was a successful leader?

A He had a lot of experience as a military leader.
B He was the leader of the Constitutional Convention.
C He was extremely popular throughout the United States.
D He eventually freed the enslaved people who worked for him.

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

got it correct

Which statement best completes the diagram?

(I'll give brainliest if the answer is correct and accurate.)

Answers

Answer:

B. Some Founders wanted to ensure citizens could freely express themselves

Explanation:

Following the long debate over ratification of the U.S. Constitution (1787–88), the anti-federalist fathers advocated for the creation of a Bill of Rights that limited the scope of the government and protected specific liberties of citizens, like the freedom to express themselves. Thanks to these Founders' contributions, the creation of a Bill of Rights was discussed and then adopted in 1791, which consists of the first ten Amendments that the Constitution has nowadays.

Answer: B

I hope that this helps :)

Explanation:

Please answer


The question is in the picture

Answers

The first one! Hope this helped.
The answer is A I believe

Which statement summarizes the effects of slave labor on the colonial labor?

Answers

It is C because they sent the goods to the mother country and the colonists were making money... more supplies=more slaves
i think it’s Number 3

3. In lines 28–29, Mrs. Stevenson is described as “a querulous, self-centered neurotic.” What effect does her character have on the plot? It makes others less likely to take her seriously It is the reason behind the plan to murder her. It is the reason why her husband is working late. It makes others try especially hard to help her.

Answers

Answer:

It is the reason behind the plan to murder her.

Explanation:

Answer: it was a reason why she had a plan to murder her.

Explanation: I got it right

(British laws and Colonies) Using what you have learned about these laws on the chart, which tax do you think angered colonists most? Explain your choice.

Answers

Answer:

Parliament passed the sugar act on 1764 to tax colonists to make them help pay costs . These actions greatly upset many colonist .

Explanation:

READING CHECK What theory has Jeffrey Rose proposed about the migration of Paleolithic people? Please answer as soon as possible! Will give brainliest answer.

Article:

Answers

Answer:

As Jeffrey told National Geographic, “The Nile Valley and Oman's Dhofar region are both limestone plateaus, heavily affected by perennial rivers. It's logical that people moved from an environment they knew to another one that mirrored it. At the time when I'm suggesting they expanded out of Africa, southern Arabia was fertile grassland. The Indian Ocean monsoon system activated rivers, and as sand dunes trapped water, it became a land of a thousand lakes.

Explanation:

Answer:

he was a arioligest   and an explorer (sry i cant spell XD LOL)

Explanation:

The Mayan word for "flat region"

Answers

I believe Pe'ten is the answer your looking for

What did John C. Calhoun support, which
was in opposition to Jackson's view of
government?
A. Central Government
B. Federal Authority
C. State's Rights

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Central Government. Jackson supported state’s rights

Which of the following groups opposed the Declaration of Independence?
Patriots
Loyalists
Sons of Liberty
Continental Congress

Answers

The answer to your question is continental congress.

What rights were provided to citizens in this document?

Answers

Answer:

active citizenship

Explanation:

ya the other dude got it active citizenship

hope its right

How do you think studying the past can help us predict the future?


pls right the right answer or ill report if you type something stoopid.

Answers

Answer:

By using the reasoning skills we develop from studying history. Understanding history can help you think through the causes, effects, and about what computers may be able to do in the future, based on past trends.

Explanation:

Looking back or studying history should help us be able to see the mistakes we made in the past. And then from there we should be hopefully be able to learn and avoid repeating them while at the same time, look and learn of the good things from the past.

Hope I helped :)

Compare the lifestyle of hunter-gathers with those of settlers of early agricultural communities.
Agricultural and specialization made it possible for humans to.

(A) release animals to the wild.
(B) develop complex societies.
(C) travel to distance places.
(D) prevent all conflicts.

Answers

Answer:

I took this test and got a 100, it should be:

(B) develop complex societies.

Hope this helps :)

The answer should be B!!!

DUE IN 3 MINUTES
which statement below is a correct analysis of the Articles of Confederation?
A.this documents weakness was that while it proclaimed that all men were equal, and given certain rights by their creator, that not all people living in the colonies at the time were treated equally.
B.this document was written with the promise of creating a more perfect union that would establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity
C.this documents strength was that it helped pull the colonies together following the end of the american revolution: however, it offered no real answer on how to govern the people once the war was won and considered to be very weak.
D.this document was written in the hopes of avoiding further conflicts in north america with enemies to the british crown and save the king from pursuing another costly war and spending more money that he didn't have.

Answers

Answer:

it is A

Explanation:

Well, it clearly explains that this documents weakness was that while it proclaimed that all men were equal, and given certain rights by their creator, that not all people living in the colonies at the time were treated equally.

A it Explains all men are equal

PLEASE HELP ASAPP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Assignment: Debate

After you read the article below please hold a debate between a patriot and a loyalist. Please make sure that both sides are argued. Remember this is a conversation type assignment and keep in mind that people had much different feelings compared to people from today's day and age. This assignment must be at least 200 words.

Loyalists, Fence-sitters, and Patriots

Patriots tear down statue of King George III.

After patriots tore down the statue of King George III in New York City on July 9, 1776, they melted parts of it down and made bullets to use against the British. It is impossible to know the exact number of American colonists who favored or opposed independence. For years it was widely believed that one third favored the Revolution, one third opposed it, and one third were undecided. This stems from an estimate made by John Adams in his personal writings in 1815.

Historians have since concluded that Adams was referring to American attitudes toward the French Revolution, not ours. The current thought is that about 20 percent of the colonists were LOYALISTS — those whose remained loyal to England and King George. Another small group in terms of percentage were the dedicated PATRIOTS, for whom there was no alternative but independence.

Thomas Paine
In "Common Sense," Thomas Paine argued for independence from Britain and the creation of a democratic republic. Its publication in January 1776 immediately added fuel to the patriots' cause.
Even with military victory, it would have been impossible for the Crown to regain the allegiance of the people. Revolution would merely flare up at a later date.

The British understood the need to attract American popular support for the parent country, as well. Some colonists who were not persuaded by the political struggle joined the British for personal gain or military glory. Some joined out of sheer loyalty to the Crown — they still believed themselves loyal British citizens. There were also many American farmers willing to sell their goods to the British for profit.

In the long run, however, the patriots were much more successful attracting support. American patriots won the war of propaganda. Committees of Correspondence persuaded many fence-sitters to join the patriot cause. Writings such as Thomas Paine's "Common Sense" stirred newfound American nationalism.

Excerpt of "Common Sense"

IN the following pages I offer nothing more than simple facts, plain arguments, and common sense: and have no other preliminaries to settle with the reader, than that he will divest himself of prejudice and prepossession, and suffer his reason and his feelings to determine for themselves that he will put on, or rather that he will not put off, the true character of a man, and generously enlarge his views beyond the present day ...

The Sun never shined on a cause of greater worth. 'Tis not the affair of a City, a County, a Province, or a Kingdom; but of a Continent — of at least one-eighth part of the habitable Globe. 'Tis not the concern of a day, a year, or an age; posterity are virtually involved in the contest, and will be more or less affected even to the end of time, by the proceedings now. Now is the seed-time of Continental union, faith and honour. The least fracture now will be like a name engraved with the point of a pin on the tender rind of a young oak; the wound would enlarge with the tree, and posterity read in it full grown characters.

– Thomas Paine, "Common Sense" (1776)

William Franklin
The American Revolution not only separated neighbors and friends, it devastated many families, including the Franklins. William Franklin, pictured here, a Loyalist, rarely, if ever, spoke to his Patriot father Ben after the war.
Patriots subjected Loyalists to public humiliation and violence. Many Loyalists found their property vandalized, looted, and burned. The patriots controlled public discourse. Woe to the citizen who publicly proclaimed sympathy to Britain.

Families were sometimes divided over the revolution. Benjamin Franklin's son, William, a Loyalist governor of New Jersey, supported the British effort during the war.

What Happened to the Loyalists?
In the end, many Loyalists simply left America. About 80,000 of them fled to Canada or Britain during or just after the war. Because Loyalists were often wealthy, educated, older, and Anglican, the American social fabric was altered by their departure. American history brands them as traitors. But most were just trying to maintain the lifestyles to which they had become accustomed. After all, history is always written by the winners.

Answers

Answer:

im not really good with debates but i like ta argue so ill try

hope this helped :)

Explanation:

Loyalist or Patriot

Various events of the 1700s led colonists to develop strong beliefs regarding the British government. The Trial of Peter Zenger, The Proclamation of 1763, the Boston Massacre combined with constantly changing taxes and rules that governed them made many think that self-governance was the best path for the colonies. Others felt that the King and his appointed officials had their best interests in mind and preferred to stay loyal to the crown. Later, during the American Revolution, most colonists took one side or the other. Either they were Patriots or loyalist. Patriots believed that the colonies should break away from England and govern themselves. Loyalist believed that the colonies.  Other famous loyalists include Thomas Hutchinson (governor of Massachusetts colony), Andrew Allen, John Butler (leader of the loyalists troops Butler 's Rangers), and David Mathews (mayor of New York City).  What happened to loyalists during the war?  

Life for the loyalists became increasingly difficult during the war. Loyalists who lived in areas controlled by the patriots were in constant danger from radical patriots. Many of them lost their homes and businesses.  

Many loyalists left the country and went back to Britain. Others decided to help the British fight the patriots. They either joined the British army or formed their own groups of fighters such as the Loyal Greens and the Royal American Regiment.  

What happened to the loyalists after the war?  

Many loyalists moved to England after the war ended. A lot of them lost their fortunes and land that they had built up over years in the Americas. In some cases the British government paid them for their loyalty, but it was usually not nearly as much as they had lost. The United States government wanted the loyalists to stay. They felt the new country could use their skills and education. Few stayed, however.

In early America, there were three factions that developed within the colonies- Loyalists, Patriots, and fence-sitters (neutral). This melting pot of different ideas, goals, and outlooks is what made pre-Revolutionary War America so volatile. These three factions seem easy to identify, Patriots wanted freedom from the crown all together, Loyalists want to stay British, and fence-sitters want to stay out of the political battle all together. However, it goes much farther than that, many different backgrounds and goals drove these people forward. Many did not take up the title of Loyalist or Patriot unless the struggles affected them directly, many more only took sides when it was profitably to.

Not because they believed in their cause but it was a way to save their financial wealth.

Patriots
• Patriots were people who thought America should declare its freedom from Britain.
• They believed that people have certain rights that the government cannot take away such
as life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness which would include right to property.
• They thought that taxation without representation was wrong because the colonies did
not have a voice in Parliament and therefore no say over what was taken from them.
• British militants were causing violence, riots, and death in the colonies and the patriots
wanted them out.
• Points to bring up in argument:
o Boston Massacre
o Patrick Henry
o Intolerable Acts
o King George III
o No taxation without representation
Loyalists
• Loyalists were colonists were felt that a strong British Empire was good for all and that as British subjects they should obey laws.
• They thought that the taxes would have positive benefits like increased protection and profit through trade.
• They felt that America was not strong enough on its own and would not be able to self- govern like Britain.
• Points to bring up in argument:
o The French and Indian War
o Treason and inflation
o Cost of fighting a war
o British troop protection and resources/cannot beat the British o Income from tax acts



I hope this helps!!!!!!

Which of the following statements is false?
a.
Spanish forces quickly defeated the revolutionary forces and ended the rebellion.
b.
Spain felt threatened by American settlers in Texas.
c.
Many of the battles for Mexican independence were fought on Texas soil.
d.
Father Hidalgo sparked the beginning of the Mexican Revolution.

Answers

B) is the correct answer
B is the answer :):):):):):)

Which group was the biggest threat to Mexican control of Texas after Mexico gained independence?
A. Native Americans
B. United States
C. Spain
D. Great Britain

Answers

United States
Because The Texas Revolution (October 2, 1835 – April 21, 1836) was a rebellion of colonists from the United States and Tejanos (Texas Mexicans) in putting up armed resistance to the centralist government of Mexico. While the uprising was part of a larger one that included other provinces opposed to the regime of President Antonio López de Santa Anna, the Mexican government believed the United States had instigated the Texas insurrection with the goal of annexation.

How did the British victory in the French and Indian War shift the balance of power in North America?

A, Native American tribes lost control of all of their North American territory to Frnace and Britain
B, Britain gained control over all of North America from Atlantic to Pacific Ocean.
C, France no longer controlled any territory in North America after the war.
D, Spain increased its North American territory by capturing the Florida and Georgia colonies during the war

Answers

Answer:

it is B

Explanation:

The French and Indian War began in 1754 and ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763. The war provided Great Britain enormous territorial gains in North America, but disputes over subsequent frontier policy and paying the war's expenses led to colonial discontent, and ultimately to the American revolution.

The answer is B

Explanation: I recently took the test a and got the answer correct.

What were some of the biggest obstacles to the gagaku ensemble while touring Europe? PLSSSSSSsSSS HELP

Answers

Answer:

Here is some information about that!

Explanation:

The prototype of gagaku was introduced into Japan with Buddhism from China. In 589, Japanese official diplomatic delegations were sent to China (during the Sui dynasty) to learn Chinese culture, including Chinese court music. By the 7th century, the koto (a zither) and the biwa (a short-necked lute) had been introduced into Japan from China. Various instruments, including these two, were the earliest used to play gagaku.

Even though the Japanese use the same term 雅楽 (yǎyuè in Mandarin Chinese, ngahngohk in Cantonese), the form of music imported from China was primarily banquet music engaku rather than the ceremonial music of the Chinese yǎyuè. The importation of music peaked during the Tang Dynasty, and these pieces are called Tōgaku (Tang music). Gagaku pieces earlier than Tang Dynasty are called kogaku (ancient music), while those from after the Tang Dynasty are called shingaku (new music). The term gagaku itself was first recorded in 701, when the first imperial academy of music Gagakuryō was established.[5]

Music from the Korean kingdom of Goguryeo, which is pronounced Koma in Japanese, had been recorded as early as 453 AD, and komagaku was eventually used as a term that covered all Korean pieces. Komagaku and Tōgaku became established in southern Japan during the Nara period (710–794). In 736, music from India and Vietnam were also introduced and these are called Tenjikugaku (天竺楽) and Rinyūgaku (林邑楽) respectively.

In the 8th century, during the Nara period, gagaku was performed at national events, such as the erection of the Great Buddha of Todai-ji Temple, by organizing gagaku performance groups at large temples.

From the 9th century to the 10th century, during the Heian period, traditional gagaku was developed and indigenous to Japan through fusion with music unique to Japan, and it changed greatly. Gagaku was almost completed by the fusion of Tōgaku, Komagaku, Tenjikugaku and Rinyūgaku which were introduced from Asian countries, with Kuniburi no utamai, traditional Japanese music, and Utaimono, songs born in the Heian period.[2][3] During this period, Many pieces of gagaku music were created and foreign-style gagaku music were arranged and renewed. gagaku was also reorganized, and foreign-style gagaku music was classified into categories called Sahō (左方, left side) and Uhō (右方, right side). Chinese, Vietnamese and Indian style was classified on the Sahō, and Korean and Manchurian style was classified on the Uhō. And Tenjikugaku and Rinyūgaku were also included in the category of Tōgaku.[2][3][6]

The popularity of gagaku reached its peak in the 9th century to the 10th century when court aristocracy began to hold private concerts, but declined in the Kamakura period (1185-1333) when the power of the court aristocracy became diminished while that of the samurai rose.[6] Gagaku was played by musicians who belonged to hereditary guilds. During the Kamakura period, military rule was imposed and gagaku was performed rarely at court. At this time, there were three guilds, based in Osaka, Nara and Kyoto.

Because of the Ōnin War, a civil war from 1467 to 1477 during the Muromachi period, gagaku ensembles ceased to perform in Kyoto for about 100 years. In the Edo period, the Tokugawa Shogunate revived and reorganized the court-style ensembles, the direct ancestors of the present gagaku ensembles.

After the Meiji Restoration of 1868, musicians from all three guilds came to the capital and their descendants make up most of the current Tokyo Imperial Palace Music Department. By that time, the present ensemble composition had been established, consisting of three wind instruments – hichiriki, ryūteki, and shō (bamboo mouth organ used to provide harmony) – and three percussion instruments – kakko (small drum), shōko (metal percussion), and taiko (drum) or dadaiko (large drum), supplemented by gakubiwa.

Gagaku also accompanies classical dance performances called bugaku (舞楽). It may be used in religious ceremonies in some Buddhist temples.[7]

In 1955, the Japanese government recognized gagaku and bugaku as important National Treasures.

Today, gagaku is performed in three ways:[8]

Other Questions
What did people outside of the USA hear about the declaration of independence after 1776? According to Boyle's Law, if the temperature of a confined gas is held fixed, then the product of the pressure P and the volume V is a constant, suppose that, for a certain gas, PV=800 where P is measured in pounds per square inch and V is measured in cubic inches. Answer the following: (this is calculus)A) Find the average rate of change of P as V increases from 200in^3 to 250in^3.B) Express V as a function of P and show that the instantaneous rate of change of V with respect to P is inversely proportional to the square of P. Select each points that are colinearA. H,C,BB. Z,K,RC. B,R,ZD. H,B,KE. C,H,J synonym of understaffed? You should avoid storing files and folders on the blank Help I dont get it the last one says negative will mark brainliest Evaluate the expression 7x2y, when x = 4 and y = 2. If you purchase a(n) _________________, your length of time spent in Purgatory is reduced and go to heaven. (WHII.3a) aUsury bDoctrine cBible dIndulgence The distance between London and Berlin isapproximately GIVING BRAINLIEST, THANKS AND FIVE STARS TO BEST ANSWER!!! HAVE A GREAT DAY THANK YOU!Who works with hides?shoemakerblacksmithcobblertanner Open market operations refer to which action by a central bank?A. Regulating the amount of money banks hold in reserveO B. Changing the price banks pay to borrow moneyO C. Buying and selling treasury securitiesO D. Adjusting interest rates on stock markets What religion is most commonly practiced by members of the Persian ethnic group? A. Judaism B. Islam write the process of the formation of district co-ordination committee. Madelyn and her children went into a movie theater and she bought $39 worth of bags of popcorn and pretzels. Each bag of popcorn costs $6.50 and each pretzel costs $3.25. She bought 4 times as many pretzels as bags of popcorn. Graphically solve a system of equations in order to determine the number of bags of popcorn, x,x, and the number of pretzels, y,y, that Madelyn bought.***(just need equations)*** Write a positive or negative integer that represents the situation.The temperature rises 17 degrees. (Economics)How is the equilibrium price found using a supply and demand graph HELPPPPP According to Montaigne, why Is he writing his essays?He wants to become a politician.He wants to explore and record his ideas for his relatives and friends, He wants to convince people to travel to the New World."He wants to seek the world's favor. A plane intersecting a double-napped cone is perpendicular to the central axis. Which conic section is formed? Sheila is going to the arcade with only 15 dollars to spend. The cost of each game is 75 cents and the price of admission into the arcade is 5 dollars. Which inequality can be used to solve for g, the number of games that she can play, and what is the maximum number of games she can play?A - 5g + 0.75 Which of the following factors does not increase the difficulty of analyzing and understanding the effects of individual actions on a complex environment?A)Non-linear responses can create exponential growth over a relatively short amount of time, leading to radical changes.B)Poorly defined boundaries in an open system make it difficult to isolate the source of the input.C)Long lag times between input and output can make determining cause and effect impossible.D)Negative feedback generally results in the rapid destabilization of a system.