Why is it important to know the average mutation rate when using DNA comparisons to determine
how long ago lineages split?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

mutation rates can be used to design molecular clocks in order to estimate divergence times among species  

Explanation:

In evolutionary biology, the substitution rates (also known as mutation rates) are used for the development of 'molecular clocks' which allow estimating the divergence times among species or among taxonomic groups. Molecular clocks can be designed by estimating the divergence rate of nucleotide sequences (either DNA or RNA) and amino acid (protein) sequences. These substitution rates can also be used to track how quickly viruses evolve (for example, in a pandemic situation).


Related Questions

Please help.
Biology.

Answers

Answer:

You can separate them according to the shapes of their beaks.

Some have longer, pointier beaks whilst others have flat and short beaks.

This is because they eat different things: seeds vs worms and insects.

This means that the shape of their beak is an adaptation (it enables their survival) because it makes it easier for them to consume food.

This is known as occupying different niches in the habitat, because even if they all live in one area, they will eat different things, meaning that they will always have enough food to survive.

Explanation:

I NEED HELP! Complete the table of the following element. Element: Chlorine Symbol: Cl


number of Protons:

Neutrons:

Electrons:

Atomic Number:

Atomic Mass:

Answers

Answer:

For example, the atomic mass of chlorine (Cl) is 35.45 amu because chlorine is composed of several isotopes, some (the majority) with an atomic mass of 35 amu (17 protons and 18 neutrons) and some with an atomic mass of 37 amu (17 protons and 20 neutrons).

Hope it helped!!!

:

Protons :17
Neutrons:17
Electrons:17
Atomic number:17
Atomic mass:(protons +neutrons) 17+17=34

Which organelle is the location where mRNA is translated into a protein?
nucleus
ribosomes
cytoplasm
cell membrane

Answers

Answer:

The answer for this question is B Ribosomes

Explanation:

I just took the test on Ed

Answer: The answer is B.

Explanation: Because I got it correct.

6. How does biogeography explain how anteaters evolved on many continents?

Answers

Biogeography, the study of the geographical distribution of organisms, provides information about how and when species may have evolved. Fossils provide evidence of long-term evolutionary changes, documenting the past existence of species that are now extinct.

A cell containing 20 chromosomes undergoes mitosis, each daughter cell will have 20 chromosomes
a.True
b.False

Answers

Answer:

the answer is true because a cell containing 20 chromosomes undergoes mitosis, each daughter cell will have 20 chromosomes

When organisms

they increase in size.

Answers

Answer:

The increase in size and changes in shape of a developing organism depend on the increase in the number and size of cells that make up the individual. Increase in cell number occurs by a precise cellular reproductive mechanism called mitosis.

Explanation:

The question is in the photo. I will give brainlest

Answers

Answer:

An allele is a viable DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) coding that occupies a given locus (position) on a chromosome. Diploid organisms, for example, humans, have paired homologous chromosomes in their somatic cells, and these contain two copies of each gene. ...

Explanation:

I hope this helps!

What is Blumenbach's 1775 Classification

Answers

Answer:

In the second edition of On the Natural Varieties of Mankind, Blumenbach used Bildungstrieb to explain the degeneration of an original type of human into the five varieties—which he later classified as Caucasian, Mongolian, Malayan, Ethiopian, and American—found around the world

Explanation:

Id.k if this is wat u were looking for so mb if its not

What are Hox genes?
A. genes that can produce large changes in adult animals during the embryological development
B. genes that are most often used to calculate a molecular clock
C. genes that have never gone through the process of crossing over
D. duplicate genes that are always responsible for speciation​

Answers

Answer:

a

Explanation:

I haven't heard of them

Answer:

A.

Explanation:

Hox genes encode and correct positions of body structures making sure they form in the correct places in the body.

what reaction is degradative

Answers

Simple sugar dehydration–fragmentation products, such as derivatives of furans, pyrones, cyclopentenes, carbonyl compounds, or acids

---

please brainliest :)

Answer:

Degradation reactions reduce the number of atoms in a molecule through a specific type of chemical transformation.MARK ME AS BRAINLIST

A student tries to push a refrigerator-sized box of textbooks safely across the classroom.

The box does not move. He asks for help from other students.

The box starts to move when the number of students shown in the image is pushing together.



Based on this information, what conclusion can be drawn?




The box has a mass greater than the combined mass of the first two students pushing.


The forces acting on the box became unbalanced when the third student started pushing.


The only force acting on the box is the push applied by the students.


When the third student started to push, the box’s mass decreased

Answers

Answer:

The forces acting on the box became unbalanced when the third student started pushing.

Explanation:

The horizontal forces, friction and applied, were balanced until more force was applied than friction. Mass can't increase or decrease.

Answer:

The forces acting on the box became unbalanced when the third student started pushing.

Explanation:

what are the importance of labour as a factor of production​

Answers

Answer:

hope this is useful

Explanation:

Labour is an active factor of production. It is the factor that starts production. Land and Capital alone cannot start production, so they are passive factors. They need the active factor of production, i.e. labour to be productive themselves.

How do specialized cells within an organism help the organism perform the essential functions of life?

Answers

Answer:

Systems of specialized cells within organisms help them perform the essential functions of life, which involve chemical reactions that take place between different types of molecules, such as water, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids. All cells contain genetic information in the form of DNA molecules.

can y’all help me please? thanks :)

Answers

Should be the 3rd answer choice !!

Answer:

to protect you from mRNA vaccines

What sort of evidence would support at least one of the components of cell theory ? a Rocks and other non-living things are not composed of cells b A microscope is necessary to make observations of nearly all cells c Cells are observed converting one form of energy into another d The origin of all cells can be traced to previous or pre existing cells

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

The correct answer would be that the origin of all cells can be traced to previous or pre-existing cells.

According to the cell theory which is made up of three parts;

The cell represents the basic unit of all life.All living organisms are made up of cells.Cells do not arise spontaneously, but only from pre-existing cells.

Hence, the discovery that the origin of all cells is traceable to previously existing cells supports the latter part of the cell theory.

The correct option is, therefore, D.

The leaf shown has a color pattern of green and white.
Green
Which part of the leaf most likely produces the most
glucose?

Answers

Answer:

The green part because the chloroplast is there and chlorophyll is in the chloroplast that makes the leaf green, since it contains a green pigment. The chlorophyll takes in energy and then uses it to make glucose in the chlorophyll.

Explanation:

Which type of organism gets energy from the sun?

Producers

All Types of Consumers

Herbivores

Carnivores

Omnivores

Decomposers

Answers

Actually it’s plants and producers :)

Each of the following is part of your innate immune system, except:
A Stomach acid
B White blood cells
C Skin
D Mucus

Answers

Answer:

B. White Blood Cells

Explanation:

I missed the word innate for a sec there, but then I looked up whether stomach acid is part of the immune system at all and realized my mistake.

The innate immune system is the part of the immune system one is born with, and we're not born with white blood cells. Those build up over time as we are exposed to pathogens.

Have a great day!

The Sun appears to move across the sky each day. What causes this?

Answers

Answer:

The earth is turning.

Explanation:

when the earth turns it causes the sun to move from one part of the sky to the other. The earth revolves around the sun. So when it become night time for example, the sun is just on the other side of the earth.

What will happen if you cross a white (bb) rabbit with another white (bb) rabbit?

Answers

Yes that’s absolutely right

The majority of the atmosphere ozone has lies between the altitude of 20,000 m and 50,000 m based on this information what effect does ozone appear to have on the amount of heat that is absorbed in the atmosphere 

Answers

Answer:

Because temperatures increase within this altitude range, regions high in ozone absorb heat better than regions low in ozone.

Explanation:

Exact answer from Plato. Let's graduate together lol ; )

The impact ozone appear to have on the amount of heat should be that it increased the temperature.

Impact on ozone appear to have on the amount of heat:

Since the majority of the atmosphere ozone has lies between the altitude of 20,000 m and 50,000 so here the temperature is increased so it should be within the altitude range.

The region that should be high in ozone is absorbed heat that better than regions that low in ozone.

Learn more about temperature here: https://brainly.com/question/14636169

please answer please, If we have a male hemophiliac (such as Leopold) marry a normal female, is there any way to have sons who have hemophilia? Provide a justification for your response.

Answers

Yes, hemophilia is a genetic condition, which means it can be genetically passed down to a male child, even if only one parent is a hemophiliac. The condition is also more common in male children, and is a sex-linked recessive disorder, and is carried on the X chromosome. The mother could also have the gene without actually having the disorder, so she could possibly be a carrier without knowing it, so it is possible for their son to have hemophilia, even if the dad is the only one with the gene.
Hope this helps!!

What will happen to the speed of a wagon rolling to the right if the direction of the net force is in the opposite direction to the left?

Answers

Answer:

the speed of a wagon rolling to the right if the direction of the net force is in the opposite direction to the left would decrease the speed of the wagon

Explanation:

Answer:

The wagon's speed increases to the left. ... The acceleration of an object moving along a curved path is constantly changing even if the speed is constant, because the direction of the object constantly changes.

What is the process by which an organism undergoes a dramatic change in form called?
1. Morphology
2. Metastasis
3. Photosynthesis
4. Metamorphosis

Answers

Metamorphosis through which the insect develops by four distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa, adult. A type of metamorphosis in which an organism's transformation is so dramatic that it is difficult to recognize the relationship between the larva and adult form.

Option 4) Metamorphosis

Answer:

4. Metamorphosis

Two main functions of leaves are photosynthesis and____.
-the anchoring of the plant
-gas exchange
-the conduction of food, water. and minerals
- photosynthesis

Answers

Gas exchange because each stoma in the leaf can be opened or closed. In the light the guard cells aboard water and become turgid and the stoma opens

Write your question here (Keep it simple and clear to get the best answer). Define the tearm physicology?

Answers

Correct question: Write your question here (Keep it simple and clear to get the best answer). Define the term physiology?

Answer: physiology is the study of how the systems of the body works, and the ways in which their integrated cooperation maintains life and health of the individual.

Explanation:

The goal of physiology is to explain the physical and chemical factors that are responsible for the origin, development and progression of life. Each type of life, from the simple virus to the largest tree or the complicated human being, has its own functional characteristics.

In the study of the human physiology, we attempt to explain the specific characteristics and mechanisms of the human body that make it a living being. The very fact that we remain alive is almost beyond our control, for hunger makes us seek food and dear makes us seek refuge. Sensation of cold make us look for warmth.

Therefore in a simple term, PHYSIOLOGY is the study of how the systems of the body works, and the ways in which their integrated cooperation maintains life and health of the individual.

state birth control methods according to Islam view?​

Answers

oral contraceptives, condoms, coitus interruptus, injections, spermicides, subdermal implants

Answer:

Writings of Muslim jurists make it clear that Islam allows for the use of reversible methods of contraception (birth control), including oral contraceptives (birth control), condoms, coitus interruptus, emergency contraception, injections, subdermal implants, IUDs, spermicides, and diaphragms.

Explanation:

Tectonic plates can affect __________________ environmental changes, which might be a cause for species extinction

Answers

Answer:

I believe it is long term.

Explanation:

did it in edge 2020

How do gases behave?

Answers

Generally, a gas behaves more like an ideal gas at higher temperature and lower pressure, as the potential energy due to intermolecular forces becomes less significant compared with the particles' kinetic energy, and the size of the molecules becomes less significant compared to the empty space between them.


It on googIe
Generally, a gas behaves more like an ideal gas at higher temperature and lower pressure, as the potential energy due to intermolecular forces becomes less significant compared with the particles' kinetic energy, and the size of the molecules becomes less significant compared to the empty space between them.

The Colorado River provides water and electricity for over 40 million people. But so much water is withdrawn from this river for agriculture/livestock and drinking water, that very little of it reaches the sea. Due to drought and overuse, it currently is drying up. This will be a major problem because crops and livestock in the USA depend on this water. What percent of the nation's crops and livestock rely on the river's water?​

Answers

Answer:

About 80%

Explanation:

I might be wrong but at least 80%
Other Questions
Identify the two tables which represent quadratic relationships. Will mark as brainliest !! plz answer itPlzzz answer with explnation!!!the value of acceleration due to gravity (g) will be maximum at:.a) 1/2 of the radius of earthb) 1/4 of the radius of earthc) 1/8 of the radius of earth What is the difference between an empirical formula and a molecular formula? A large university accepts 60% of the students who apply. Of the students the university accepts, 30% actually enroll. If 30,000 students apply, how many actually enroll? Find the square root of the number. -4 square root -32 The square root is Pls tell me the rest of the angles. Angle 1 is 112.9 degrees time to throw poggers xqc time to throw pogchamp time to throw pogchamp time to throw pogchamp time to throw pogchamp time to throw houhouhouhou time to throw poogcham Which of these is a unit of heat?A. jouleB. wattC. kelvinD. joule/kelvinE. mole What continent is not shown on either of these globes? Which hazard are we more likely able to predict? Tornado or earthquake. Explain your answer. The sum of two numbers is 15. Four times the smaller number is 60 less than twice the larger number. What is the larger number? f(x)=3? What is the input value Who was Sonia Sotomayorwhat was her opening sentence Mr. Mika paid a total of $150 to rent a room at a hotel for two nights. The table shows information about four otherguests who rented rooms at the hotel.Hotel BillsNumber of NightsRoom Was RentedTotal AmountPaidGuest16$450II3$225III8$600IV5$360Which guest did NOT pay the same nightly rate that Mr. Mika did? One number is 24 more than the other. What are the numbers if their sum is 84 Please help, will give brainelst to right answer. What provisions are in the 26th Amendment? Completa el prrafo con la forma correcta de los verbos entre parntesis.Los viernes, mi amiga Pilar y yo siempre (1. comer) en el restaurante El Charro. Hoy muchos chicos del colegio (2. comer) aqu. En la mesa nmero uno, Paco y Mara (3. leer) el men. Paco no (4.. saber) qu comer. Mara siempre (5. comer) pescado. En la mesa dos, el mesero pregunta a Jorge, Daniel y Patricia qu van a comer. Ellos (6. hacer) una pregunta al mesero: Nosotros no (7. ver) tacos en el men. Hay tacos aqu? S, cmo no! responde el mesero. En la mesa tres estamos Graciela y yo. Graciela (8. leer) el men. Yo siempre (9. comer) ensalada, pero no (10. saber) qu tomar hoy. Graciela dice Un momento, por favor. Yo (11. ver) que ella no (12. comprender) una palabra del men. Luego, ella dice Ahora (13. comprender) ! Yo quiero el pollo en mole y un refresco por favor. De acuerdo. !! FRENCH AGAIN !! I feel as if thought I got some wrong Question 2 of 10Which statement shows bias?A. The nurse who put a cast on my arm had dyed his hair blue andorange.B. Nursing is a career that takes a great amount of patience,empathy, and skill.O C. It's great that so many young girls can have successful careers asnurses.O D. The hospital has 17 male nurses and 16 female nurses.SUBMIT