If you purchased one silver futures contract at $2 per ounce and the silver spot price at maturity is $3.50 per ounce, your profit would be $7,500.
If you purchased one silver future contract at $2 per ounce, and the silver spot price at maturity is $3.50 per ounce, your profit would be:
Profit per ounce = Spot price - Futures price
Profit per ounce = $3.50 - $2 = $1.50
Profit for 1 contract (5,000 ounces) = Profit per ounce * Contract size
Profit for 1 contract = $1.50 * 5,000 = $7,500
This is calculated by taking the difference between the contract price and the spot price, which is $1.50 per ounce.
Multiply that by the contract size of 5,000 ounces, and you get a profit of $7,500. Futures contracts allow traders to profit from price movements without actually taking physical delivery of the underlying commodity. In this case, you would have made a profit by buying the futures contract at a lower price and selling it at a higher price, without ever having to handle the physical silver.
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a) In your opinon, are the new subscription model considered New Product to those companies?b) Capacity and new product deisions impact all areas of the organization. Discuss the two major aspects that capacity impacts opertaion.c) With the introduction of new subscription model, which capacity expansion strategies (Expand-early or Wait-and-see ) will be approriate for companies such as Taco Bell and Alaska Air Group? Why?
a) Whether a new subscription model is considered a new product depends on the specific circumstances of the company and the model.
b) Capacity impacts operations through production and customer capacity.
c) The appropriate capacity expansion strategy for a new subscription model depends on factors such as expected demand and available resources.
a)The new subscription model is not considered a new product in the sense of tangible items. However, it can be considered a new product because it is a new service model. Therefore, it will increase revenue for the company.
b) Capacity refers to the ability of an organization to produce goods or services. Capacity and new product decisions impact all areas of the organization.
Below are the two major aspects that capacity impacts operation:
1. The ability of an organization to meet current and future demand with the right level of resources:
Capacity management aims to ensure that an organization's resources are used in the most effective way possible. It ensures that the organization is well-prepared to meet its current and future demands, and it does so while minimizing the cost of resources.
2. The level of investment needed in facilities, equipment, and staffing:
A capacity decision requires an organization to determine how much to invest in facilities, equipment, and staffing to support the production of a new product or service.
c) The capacity expansion strategies depend on the expected demand for the new subscription model. The decision to choose an expansion strategy, whether it is expand-early or wait-and-see, is dependent on a company's perception of future demand.
Taco Bell and Alaska Air Group have already established businesses, and they have experience handling new product demand. They may opt to expand early if they predict that there will be a significant demand for the new subscription model. If the demand is low, they may choose to wait and see.
The expand-early strategy is recommended for companies with a high demand for a new product. On the other hand, the wait-and-see approach is appropriate for companies that are unsure of the new product's success.
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"what strategic challenges do you think brian france faces as he guides his company? using what you know about managing strategically, how might he respond to these challenges?
Brian France, the former CEO and Chairman of NASCAR, faced several strategic challenges as he guided his company. One of the main challenges was the declining popularity of the sport, which has been attributed to a range of factors including changes in technology, the economy, and demographic shifts.
As a result, attendance at races has declined, and viewership has decreased.
To address these challenges, Brian France could have pursued a range of strategic options, including:
Diversification: NASCAR could have expanded its offerings to include other types of events, such as concerts or other sporting events, to increase revenue and attract a broader audience.Marketing: NASCAR could have invested more in marketing efforts to promote the sport and increase its appeal to younger viewers.Innovation: NASCAR could have focused on innovation and new technology to improve the fan experience, such as introducing virtual reality or other interactive elements.Globalization: NASCAR could have looked to expand globally, focusing on new markets and audiences outside of the United States.Ultimately, it is important for Brian France to focus on developing a long-term strategic plan that is responsive to the changing market conditions and trends. By staying focused on innovation, diversification, and globalization, NASCAR can remain relevant and competitive in the years to come.
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Which workplace climate best encourages employee responsibility?
Question 18 options:
Common goals encourage employees to work together rather than compete against each other.
Employees have a sense of ownership, and the employer delegates his authority.
Hard work and achievements are recognized then used as an employee motivator.
Objectives are clearly defined, and goals help motivate employees to complete tasks.
The workplace climate that best encourages employee responsibility is when B. employees have a sense of ownership, and the employer delegates his authority.
How can this encourage employee responsibility ?Employees who feel a sense of ownership in their work are inclined to assume responsibility for the consequences and take proactive measures towards accomplishing organizational objectives.
Further, delegation of authority constitutes regard and trust shown in their skills, serving as an impetus to propel them to undertake initiatives at their workplace with accountability.
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During its current tax year (year one), a pharmaceutical company purchased a mixing tank that had a fair market price of $120,000. It replaced an older, smaller mixing tank that had a BV of $15,000. Because a special promotion was underway, the old tank was used as a trade-in for the new one, and the cash price (including delivery and installation) was set at $99,500. The MACRS class life for the new mixing tank is 9. 5 years. (7. 4, 7. 3)
a. Under the GDS, what is the depreciation deduction in year three?
Total of the old and new mixing costs ($15,000 + $99. 00) = $114,500
b. Under the GDS, what is the BV at the end of year four?
c. If 200% DB depreciation had been applied to this problem, what would be the cumulative depreciation through the end of year four?
The cumulative depreciation through the end of year four is $74,176 ($25,263 + $20,227 + $15,982 + $12,704).
Under 200% DB depreciation, the initial year's depreciation is twice the straight-line depreciation rate, or (2/9.5) x $120,000 = $25,263.
The second-year depreciation is twice the declining BV from the first year, or (2/9.5) x ($120,000 - $25,263) = $20,227.
The third-year depreciation is twice the declining BV from the second year, or (2/9.5) x ($94,737 - $20,227) = $15,982.
The fourth-year depreciation is twice the declining BV from the third year, or (2/9.5) x ($78,755 - $15,982) = $12,704. Thus, the cumulative depreciation through the end of year four is $74,176 ($25,263 + $20,227 + $15,982 + $12,704).
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Gee company accumulates the following adjustment data at december 31. indicate the type of adjustment (prepaid expense, accrued revenue, and so on), and the status of accounts before adjustment (overstated or understated). (enter answers in alphabetical order.)
1. supplies of $150 are on hand. supplies account shows $1,600 balance.
2. services performed but unbilled total $900.
3. interest of $200 has accumulated (and not been paid) on a note payable.
4. rent collected in advance totaling $850 has been earned.
1. Adjustment: Prepaid expense (Supplies). Status: Supplies account is overstated.
2. Adjustment: Accrued revenue (Unbilled services). Status: Accounts Receivable is understated.
3. Adjustment: Accrued expense (Interest). Status: Note Payable is understated.
4. Adjustment: Unearned revenue (Rent collected in advance). Status: Rent collected in advance is overstated.
1. The adjustment recognizes that $150 worth of supplies are on hand, indicating a prepaid expense. The initial balance of $1,600 in the supplies account is higher than the actual supplies available, hence overstated.
2. The adjustment accounts for $900 worth of services performed but not yet billed. This indicates accrued revenue. The accounts receivable balance needs to be increased to reflect the revenue earned but not yet recorded, hence understated.
3. The adjustment recognizes $200 of accrued interest on a note payable. It represents an expense that has been incurred but not yet paid. The note payable account should be increased to account for the accrued interest, as it is currently understated.
4. The adjustment is made to recognize that $850 of the collected rent has been earned. Initially, the rent collected in advance was recorded as unearned revenue, but now it needs to be reduced to reflect the portion that has been earned, hence overstated.
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Suppose that your favorite electronics store maintains an inventory of a certain brand and model of mp3 player. the store pays the manufacturer $165 for each mp3 player ordered. each order incurs a fixed cost of $40 in order processing, shipping, etc. and requires a 2 week lead time. the store estimates that its cost of capital is 17% per year, and it estimates its other holding costs (warehouse space, insurance, etc.) at $1 per mp3 player per month. the demand for mp3 players is steady at 40 per week.
required:
a. using the eoq model, calculate the optimal order quantity, reorder point (r), and average cost per year.
b. now suppose that backorders are allowed, and that each backorder incurs a stockout penalty of $60 per stockout per year. using the eoq model with planned backorders, calculate the optimal order quantity, stockout percentage (x), reorder point (r), and average cost per year. how much money would the store save per year by allowing stockouts, expressed as a percentage?
The store pays the manufacturer $165 for each mp3 cost estimations theory player ordered. each order incurs a fixed cost of $40 in order processing, shipping, etc that backorders are allowed, and that each backorder.
A stockout penalty of $60 per stockout per year. using the eoq model with planned backorders, calculate the optimal order quantity,
Before you can calculate the cost of creating mp3 devices, you must first determine the company's entire overhead costs.
Cost-benefit analysis illustration.
• Divide the $2000 weekly overhead expense by the quantity of weeks required to produce the mp3 devices.
• After that, add the price of each MP3 player to the overall overhead expense. The sum of these two figures is the cost of manufacturing mp3 players.
• For instance, if manufacturing the mp3 devices takes 4 weeks, the final cost would be $8,180 ($2000 x 4 weeks + 45 x 4 weeks).
Cost of overhead is $2000 per week.
MP3 Player Price: $45 .Total Price = Overhead Price + MP3 Player Price Total Price = $2000.
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Quinn is very encouraged about the ability of his organization to survive the economic downturn because the organization's core values, assumptions, and beliefs are intensely held and widely shared by its members. this indicates that his organization has
Quinn is very encouraged about the capacity of his association to endure the financial slump because the association's guiding principle, presumptions, and convictions are seriously held and generally shared by its individuals. this demonstrates that his association has a strong dominant culture.
The option (A) is correct.
A dominant society has laid out its standards, values, and inclinations as the norm for a whole gathering. Inclinations and standards are forced whether or not they go against what is normal for different individuals from the gathering.
The dominant culture in the general public is the gathering whose individuals are in the greater part or who employ more power than different gatherings.
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This question is not complete, Here I am attaching the complete question:
Quinn is very encouraged about the ability of his organization to survive the economic downturn because the organization's core values, assumptions, and beliefs are intensely held and widely shared by its members. this indicates that his organization has
(A) a strong dominant culture.
(B) a people oriented culture.
(C) A subculture.
The age discrimination in employment act specifically outlaws hiring practices that discriminate against people:_____.
a. who are between 39-69.
b. who are under the age of 18.
c. who are 40 and over.
d. who are between 16 and 20.
e. who are younger than 18 and older than 39.
The age discrimination in employment act specifically outlaws hiring practices that discriminate against people who are 40 and over. The correct option is c.
The Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) is a federal law that specifically prohibits hiring practices that discriminate against individuals who are 40 years of age or older. The ADEA was enacted in 1967 and applies to employers with 20 or more employees, including state and local governments.
The ADEA prohibits employers from discriminating against employees or job applicants on the basis of age in any aspect of employment, including hiring, firing, promotions, pay, and job assignments.
Additionally, the ADEA prohibits retaliation against individuals who file age discrimination complaints or participate in investigations related to age discrimination.
The law was enacted to protect older workers from discrimination in the workplace, as age discrimination can have significant negative effects on employment opportunities and financial stability.
The ADEA is an important protection for older workers, as it ensures that they are not unfairly discriminated against in the hiring process and throughout their employment.
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Jennifer, a salesperson for westerby industrial equipment, likes to address certain buyer objections before a buyer brings them up. in this scenario, jennifer most likely uses the _____ method of handling resistance.
Jennifer, a salesman for Westerby modern gear, likes to address specific purchaser protests before a purchaser brings them up. in this scenario, Jennifer most likely uses the forestalling method of handling resistance. The option (A) is correct.
Forestalling is a course of going about as a guarded cycle prior to happening an interaction. Taking into account the given situations, we can recognize that Jennifer followed the thwarting strategy to keep the opposition from purchasers before it worked out. She has information concerning opposition from her experience.
So. she picks an extra move for overcoming the resistance. Thus, the right response demonstrating the choice will Forestalling.
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This question is not complete, Here I am attaching the complete question:
Jennifer, a salesperson for westerby industrial equipment, likes to address certain buyer objections before a buyer brings them up. in this scenario, jennifer most likely uses the _____ method of handling resistance.
(A) forestalling
(B) direct denial
(C) translation
(D) questioning
(E) compensation
Explan one eneft of an entreprenuer of buying afranchises to start a business
An entrepreneur who decides to buy a franchise to start a business can benefit from several advantages.
Firstly, buying a franchise provides the entrepreneur with an established business model that has a proven track record of success. This means that the entrepreneur does not have to invest time, money and resources in developing their own business idea, testing it in the market and refining it over time. Instead, they can start with a solid foundation that has already been developed, tested and refined by the franchisor.
Secondly, buying a franchise gives the entrepreneur access to a well-known brand name, which can help to attract customers more easily than starting a business from scratch. The brand recognition and reputation of the franchise can help to build trust and credibility with potential customers, which is essential in the early stages of a business.
Lastly, buying a franchise often includes support and training from the franchisor, which can be invaluable for a new entrepreneur. This support can range from initial training in business operations, marketing and sales, to ongoing assistance with business management, marketing and advertising. This support can help the entrepreneur to overcome common challenges and pitfalls in the early stages of their business, increasing the likelihood of success.
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assume a firm is considering a repurchase of its shares in the market. the firm has $1,000,000 in excess cash, $5,000,000 in earnings after taxes, and 500,000 shares outstanding. the stock trades at a p/e ratio of 20. the current price of the stock is $200 (p/e x eps) and the dividends per share are $2 (excess cash/shares outstanding). what is the number of shares that have been reacquired? (round to the nearest whole share)
The firm can repurchase 5,000 shares using the excess cash. This means that the number of shares that have been reacquired is 5,000 (rounded to the nearest whole share).
To calculate the number of shares that have been reacquired, we first need to find out the amount of cash the firm can use for the repurchase. The firm has $1,000,000 in excess cash that can be used for the share repurchase.
Next, we need to find the price per share. The stock has a P/E ratio of 20, and the current price of the stock is $200. The price per share is calculated as (P/E x EPS). Since the current price of the stock is already given as $200, we do not need to perform any calculations for this part.
Now, we need to find the number of shares that can be repurchased using the excess cash. To do this, we can divide the excess cash ($1,000,000) by the price per share ($200). This calculation is as follows:
Number of shares = Excess cash / Price per share
Number of shares = $1,000,000 / $200
Number of shares = 5,000
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what is capital budgeting? group of answer choices the process of managing cash flow. the analysis of real asset investment opportunities. the process of managing current assets. none of the above.
Capital budgeting is the process of analyzing and evaluating potential investment opportunities in real assets, such as equipment, facilities, and infrastructure.
This process involves the use of financial tools and techniques to determine the feasibility of investing in a particular project or asset, based on factors such as cash flows, risk, and return on investment.
The primary objective of capital budgeting is to allocate scarce resources to projects that generate the highest return on investment and create the most value for the organization. It helps businesses to make informed decisions about long-term investments and to identify potential risks and uncertainties associated with these investments.
Capital budgeting involves several stages, including identifying potential investment opportunities, evaluating the cash flows associated with each opportunity, estimating the cost of capital, and assessing the risks and uncertainties of each investment. This process is crucial for businesses, as it helps them to allocate their resources more effectively and efficiently, and to make informed decisions about long-term investments.
In summary, capital budgeting is a critical process for businesses, as it enables them to evaluate and prioritize potential investment opportunities in real assets, based on their financial viability and potential return on investment. This process helps businesses to make informed decisions about long-term investments and to allocate their resources more effectively, leading to better financial performance and growth.
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A company has just purchased a machine with a cost of $79,994, and signed a note to pay the manufacturer equal semi-annual amounts of $9,378. If the current rate of interest is 6%, how many equal payments will be made?.
The company will make 10 equal payments of $9,378 to pay off the note for the machine.
To solve this problem, we can use the present value formula for an annuity, which relates the present value of a series of equal payments to the payment amount, the interest rate, and the number of payments.
The present value of the payments is equal to the cost of the machine, which is $79,994. The payment amount is $9,378, and the interest rate is 6% per year, compounded semi-annually. We need to find the number of payments, which we can call N.
The present value formula for an annuity is:
[tex]PV = PMT x ((1 - (1 + r)^(-N)) / r)[/tex]
where PV is the present value, PMT is the payment amount, r is the interest rate per payment period, and N is the number of payments.
Substituting the given values, we get:
[tex]79,994 = 9,378 x ((1 - (1 + 0.06/2)^(-N×2)) / (0.06/2))[/tex]
Simplifying and solving for N, we get:
N = 10
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mallory works for a company that produces cell phone component parts. her company developed a component that no competitor had and was soon enjoying economies of scale as the only producers of the part. which trade theory is most reflected in the success of this company?
Mallory works for a company that produces cell phone component parts. Her company developed a component that no competitor had and was soon enjoying economies of scale as the only producers of the part. Trade theory is most reflected in the success of this company is "monopolistic competition".
The economies of scale refer to the cost advantages that a company experiences as it increases its production output. In other words, as a company grows and produces more goods or services, it can spread its fixed costs over a larger number of units, reducing the average cost per unit.
The success of the company in this scenario is most reflected in the theory of monopolistic competition. Monopolistic competition refers to a market structure in which many firms compete by offering differentiated products that are similar but not identical.
That's the reason of monopolistic competition, this situation may not last forever, as competitors may eventually develop similar components or find alternative solutions, leading to increased competition and potentially eroding the company's market power.
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3) Suppose that for a particular economy, investments (I) equal $100m, government expenditures (G) are $250m, exports (X) amount to 400m while imports (M) are $175m. The consumption function can be represented by the following equation:
C = 300M + 0. 80Yd
a) Identify the following:
(i) Autonomous consumption 1 mark
(ii) The marginal propensity to consume 1 mark
(iii) The value of the multiplier 2 marks
b) Calculate the equilibrium level of GDP(Y) 5 marks
c) Draw a Keynesian cross showing the equilibrium level of GDP (calculated in question 3b) and aggregate expenditure. 5 marks
Autonomous consumption: There is no autonomous consumption given in the problem. Autonomous consumption refers to the amount of consumption that does not depend on the level of income or disposable income.
(i, ii) The marginal propensity to consume: The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is the fraction of additional income that is consumed. From the consumption function, we can see that MPC = 0.80.
(iii) The value of the multiplier: The multiplier represents the ratio of the change in equilibrium output to the change in autonomous expenditure. It is calculated as 1/(1-MPC). So, in this case, the multiplier is 1/(1-0.80) = 5.
b) The equilibrium level of GDP can be found by setting aggregate expenditure (AE) equal to output (Y). Aggregate expenditure is the sum of consumption (C), investment (I), government expenditure (G), and net exports (NX).
AE = C + I + G + NX
= (300M + 0.80Yd) + 100 + 250 + (X - M)
= (300M + 0.80(Y - T)) + 100 + 250 + (400 - 175)
= 300M + 0.80Y - 0.80T + 675
So, AE = 300M + 0.80Y + 675
Setting AE equal to Y, we get:
Y = 300M + 0.80Y + 675
0.20Y = 975 - 300M
Y = (975 - 300M)/0.20
Y = 4875 - 1500M
Therefore, the equilibrium level of GDP is $4875 million.
c) The Keynesian cross is a graphical representation of the equilibrium condition of an economy. It shows the relationship between aggregate expenditure and output. In the Keynesian cross diagram, output is shown on the horizontal axis, while aggregate expenditure is shown on the vertical axis.
Investment is a fixed amount of $100 million and is represented by a horizontal line at $100 million.
Government expenditure is a fixed amount of $250 million and is represented by a horizontal line at $250 million.
Net exports are equal to $400 million - $175 million = $225 million. At the initial level of output, net exports are positive, so we can represent this on the graph by adding an upward sloping line. The slope of the line is determined by the marginal propensity to import (MPM), which is the fraction of additional income that is spent on imports. In this case, we assume MPM is constant and equal to 0.10, so the slope of the net exports line is 0.10.
Consumption is given by the equation C = 300M + 0.80Yd. Disposable income is equal to output (Y) minus taxes (T), and in this case we assume taxes are 0, so Yd = Y. We can represent the consumption function on the graph as an upward sloping line with a slope of 0.80.
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Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
What types of planning can be done to improve a nation’s economy?
A nation can undergo ____ planning or ____ planning in order to improve its economy.
1. Short-term/detailed/fulfilled
2. Restrictive/long-term/constructive
A nation can undergo Restrictive planning or long-term planning in order to improve its economy. So, the correct answer is 2).
Restrictive planning involves implementing policies that restrict certain economic activities in order to stabilize or improve the economy in the short-term. For example, a government might impose tariffs on imports to protect domestic industries.
Long-term planning involves implementing policies and strategies that address structural economic issues in order to improve the economy in the long run. For example, a government might invest in education and infrastructure to create a more skilled workforce and a more efficient economy.
Both types of planning are important for improving a nation's economy, but they differ in terms of their objectives and time horizons. Option 2 is the correct answer.
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which of the following is considered a flexible expense ?
a. Restaurant meals
b. rent payment for apartment.
c. Credit card payment.
d. Car insurance payment.
Answer:
A) Restaurant meals are considered a flexible expense.
Restaurant meals are classified as a flexible cost since they are not required for basic survival, and the amount spent on them can vary greatly based on personal tastes and choices. Rent, credit card payments, and auto insurance payments, on the other hand, are often considered fixed costs since they are required for basic living and the amount spent on them is normally established by contractual agreements or other considerations.
1. At the beginning of 2016, the stock market value (Dow Jones Industrial Average) was around 17,150; median house prices were at $357,000; oil was selling at $36/barrel and gold was selling at $1,073/ounce. Five years later (January of this year), they were at 30610 (DJIA), $393,000 (house prices), $68 (oil), and $1,891 (gold). Which of these four investments would have been the best choice for those five years
To determine which investment would have been the best choice over the five-year period, we need to calculate the percentage change in value for each of the four investments. The investment with the highest percentage change would have provided the best return.
Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA):
Percentage change = [(30610 - 17150)/17150] x 100% = 78.54%
Median house prices:
Percentage change = [(393000 - 357000)/357000] x 100% = 10.08%
Oil:
Percentage change = [(68 - 36)/36] x 100% = 88.89%
Gold:
Percentage change = [(1891 - 1073)/1073] x 100% = 76.90%
Based on these calculations, we can see that oil had the highest percentage change and would have provided the best return over the five-year period. The Dow Jones Industrial Average also had a high percentage change, but not as high as oil. Gold had a lower percentage change than oil and DJIA, while median house prices had the lowest percentage change. However, it's important to note that past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results, and there are many factors that can affect the performance of different investments over time.
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Select the correct answer. the bankruptcy abuse and prevention and consumer protection act limited the number of debtors who could declare which type of bankruptcy? a. chapter 7 b. chapter 13 c. chapter 12 d. chapter 15
The Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act (BAPCPA) limited the number of debtors who could declare Chapter 7 bankruptcy.
The BAPCPA, enacted in 2005, made significant changes to bankruptcy law, aiming to reduce the number of bankruptcy filings and to ensure that individuals pay back some of their debts. Chapter 7 bankruptcy allows debtors to liquidate their non-exempt assets to repay creditors, and remaining debts are often discharged.
BAPCPA introduced a means test to determine if an individual is eligible for Chapter 7 bankruptcy. The test examines the debtor's income, expenses, and debt level. If the debtor's income is higher than the median income for their state, they may be required to file for Chapter 13 bankruptcy instead.
Chapter 13 bankruptcy involves the creation of a repayment plan where debtors pay back a portion of their debts over a 3-5 year period.
In summary, the BAPCPA limited the number of debtors who could declare Chapter 7 bankruptcy by implementing a means test that directs some debtors towards Chapter 13 bankruptcy. This change aimed to reduce bankruptcy filings and encourage debt repayment when possible.
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On December 31, 2017, Eppel, Inc. Borrowed $900,000 on an eight percent, 15-year mortgage note payable. The note is to be repaid in equal semiannual installments of $52,047 (payable on June 30 and December 31). Prepare journal entries to reflect (a) issuance of the mortgage note payable, (b) the payment of the first installment on June 30, 2018, and (c) the payment of the second installment on December 31, 2018. Round amounts to the nearest dollar
(a) Issuance of mortgage note payable:
Cash: $900,000
Mortgage Note Payable: $900,000
(b) Payment of first installment on June 30, 2018:
Interest Expense: $36,000
Mortgage Note Payable: $16,047
Cash: $52,047
Calculation:
Interest Expense = ($900,000 × 8% × 6/12) = $36,000
Payment toward principal = $52,047 - $36,000 = $16,047
(c) Payment of second installment on December 31, 2018:
Interest Expense: $34,200
Mortgage Note Payable: $17,847
Cash: $52,047
Calculation:
Interest Expense = (($900,000 - $16,047) × 8% × 6/12) = $34,200
Payment toward principal = $52,047 - $34,200 = $17,847
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bond x is a premium bond making semiannual payments. the bond has a coupon rate of 6.8 percent, a ytm of 6.2 percent, and 13 years to maturity. bond y is a discount bond making semiannual payments. this bond has a coupon rate of 6.2 percent, a ytm of 6.8 percent, and also 13 years to maturity. assume the interest rates remain unchanged and a $1,000 par value. what are the prices of these bonds today? note: do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16. what do you expect the prices of these bonds to be in one year? note: do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16. what do you expect the prices of these bonds to be in three years? note: do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16. what do you expect the prices of these bonds to be in eight years? note: do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16. what do you expect the prices of these bonds to be in 12 years? note: do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16. what do you expect the prices of these bonds to be in 13 years? note: do not round intermediate calculations and round your answers to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.
The prices of these bonds today are $1,222.45 and $846.18.
The prices of these bonds to be in one year are $1,174.98 and $896.59.
The price of these bonds in three years are $1,016.67 and $787.60.
The price of these bonds in eight years are $973.89. and $596.23.
The price of these bonds in 12 years are $985.40. and $383.86.
The price of these bonds in 13 years are $1,000 and $1,028.22.
Bond X is a premium bond, which means its coupon rate is higher than the YTM, so its price today will be higher than its face value of $1,000. Using the present value formula, we can calculate its price as follows:
PV = (C / 2) / (1 + r/2) + (C / 2) / (1 + r/2)^2 + ... + (C / 2 + F) / (1 + r/2)^26
PV = (34 / (1 + 0.031)^1) + (34 / (1 + 0.031)^2) + ... + (1034 / (1 + 0.031)^26)
PV = $1,222.45
Bond Y is a discount bond, which means its coupon rate is lower than the YTM, so its price today will be lower than its face value of $1,000. Using the same present value formula, we can calculate its price as follows:
PV = (C / 2) / (1 + r/2) + (C / 2) / (1 + r/2)^2 + ... + (C / 2 + F) / (1 + r/2)^26
PV = (31 / (1 + 0.034)^1) + (31 / (1 + 0.034)^2) + ... + (1031 / (1 + 0.034)^26)
PV = $846.18
In one year, we expect the prices of both bonds to change due to the change in market interest rates. Assuming that the YTM of Bond X increases by 20 basis points (0.2%), we can use the present value formula to calculate its new price:
PV = (C / 2) / (1 + r/2) + (C / 2) / (1 + r/2)^2 + ... + (C / 2 + F) / (1 + r/2)^25 + (C / 2 + F) / (1 + r/2)^26
PV = (34 / (1 + 0.043)^1) + (34 / (1 + 0.043)^2) + ... + (34 / (1 + 0.043)^25) + (1034 / (1 + 0.043)^26)
PV = $1,174.98
Assuming that the YTM of Bond Y decreases by 20 basis points (0.2%), we can use the same formula to calculate its new price:
PV = (C / 2) / (1 + r/2) + (C / 2) / (1 + r/2)^2 + ... + (C / 2 + F) / (1 + r/2)^25 + (C / 2 + F) / (1 + r/2)^26
PV = (31 / (1 + 0.052)^1) + (31 / (1 + 0.052)^2) + ... + (31 / (1 + 0.052)^25) + (1031 / (1 + 0.052)^26)
PV = $896.59
In three years:
Bond X: The number of semiannual periods is 3 * 2 = 6.
The semiannual coupon payment is $1,000 * 6.8% / 2 = $34. The present value of the semiannual coupon payments is
$34 * (1 - 1 / (1 + 3.1% / 2)^6) / (3.1% / 2) = $186.05.
The present value of the principal payment is $1,000 / (1 + 3.1% / 2)^6 = $830.62. Therefore, the price of Bond X in three years is $186.05 + $830.62 = $1,016.67.
Bond Y: The number of semiannual periods is 3 * 2 = 6. The present value of the principal payment is $1,000 / (1 + 7% / 2)^6 = $787.60. Therefore, the price of Bond Y in three years is $787.60.
In eight years:
Bond X: The number of semiannual periods is 8 * 2 = 16. The semiannual coupon payment is $1,000 * 6.8% / 2 = $34.
The present value of the semiannual coupon payments is
$34 * (1 - 1 / (1 + 3.1% / 2)^16) / (3.1% / 2) = $370.05.
The present value of the principal payment is $1,000 / (1 + 3.1% / 2)^16 = $603.84.
Therefore, the price of Bond X in eight years is $370.05 + $603.84 = $973.89.
Bond Y: The number of semiannual periods is 8 * 2 = 16. The present value of the principal payment is $1,000 / (1 + 7% / 2)^16 = $596.23.
Therefore, the price of Bond Y in eight years is $596.23.
In 12 years:
Bond X: The number of semiannual periods is 12 * 2 = 24.
The semiannual coupon payment is
$1,000 * 6.8% / 2 = $34.
The present value of the semiannual coupon payments is
$34 * (1 - 1 / (1 + 3.1% / 2)^24) / (3.1% / 2) = $595.17.
The present value of the principal payment is
$1,000 / (1 + 3.1% / 2)^24 = $390.23.
Therefore, the price of Bond X in 12 years is $595.17 + $390.23 = $985.40.
Bond Y: The number of semiannual periods is 12 * 2 = 24. The present value of the principal payment is $1,000 / (1 + 7% / 2)^24 = $383.86. Therefore, the price of Bond Y in 12 years is $383.86.
In 13 years, bond X will have reached maturity and will be redeemed at its face value of $1,000. Therefore, its price will be equal to its par value of $1,000.
On the other hand, bond Y will have only one more semi-annual coupon payment left before it reaches maturity, and it will be redeemed at its face value of $1,000. Therefore, its price will be the present value of that final coupon payment plus the present value of the face value. Using the same formula as before, we get:
P = 31.10/(1+0.034)^24 + 1000/(1+0.034)^26
P = $1,028.22
Therefore, we can see that the prices of the two bonds will converge as they approach maturity, and in this case, the premium bond X will have a higher price at the time of purchase, but the discount bond Y will have a higher price at the time of maturity.
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A farmer has allocated 2000 acres of her farm for planting two crops. Crop A is more susceptible to frost than Crop B is. If there is no frost in the growing season, she can expect to make $40/acre from Crop A and $25/acre from Crop B. If there is mild frost, the expected profits are $20/acre from Crop A and $30/acre from Crop B. What profit could she expect to make using this optimal strategy
The optimal strategy is to allocate 1333 acres to Crop A and 667 acres to Crop B. With this strategy, the expected profit is $46,670.
To determine the optimal strategy, the farmer should allocate the crops in a way that maximizes her expected profit while taking into account the possibility of frost.
Let x is number of acres allocated to Crop A and y is the number of acres allocated to Crop B. The total acreage is 2000, so we have;
x + y = 2000
If there is no frost, the expected profit is;
Profit = $40x + $25y
If there is mild frost, the expected profit is;
Profit = $20x + $30y
In this case, we can solve the problem by using a simpler method called the "corner-point method."
The corner-point method involves evaluating the objective function at each corner point of the feasible region. The feasible region is the set of all possible combinations of x and y that satisfy the constraints.
In this case, the feasible region is the triangle with vertices at (0,2000), (1333,667), and (2000,0).
At the vertex (0,2000), we have x = 0 and y = 2000. The expected profit is;
Profit = $40x + $25y = $25(2000) = $50,000
At the vertex (1333,667), we have x = 1333 and y = 667. The expected profit is;
Profit = $20x + $30y = $26,660 + $20,010
= $46,670
At the vertex (2000,0), we have x = 2000 and y = 0. The expected profit is;
Profit = $40x + $25y = $80,000
Therefore, the expected profit is $46,670.
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During the Great Depression in the 1930s, before the creation of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation by Franklin D. Roosevelt, many banks were rumored to go broke. Thus, panicked depositors tried to withdraw their money at the same time, which caused many banks to indeed go bankrupt. Answer the following questions.
As more banks went broke in the Great Depression, how did this case of negative excess reserves affect the supply of money in circulation? [Be sure to include the multiplier effect –in this case negative - in your answer. This is a case of the multiplier effect, but in reverse. ] This was a primary cause of the extreme severity and length of the Great Depression: There was not enough money in circulation, so people could not buy goods, there were lay-offs and unemployment, there was deflation, which discouraged investment by businesses, which led to more unemployment and poverty. Vicious circle.
In this case of the Great Depression, explain how the action of individual depositors to withdraw their money is a case of the "Fallacy of Composition. "
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation was created in 1933 by the Franklin D. Roosevelt Administration. What did the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation do to prevent runs on the banks?
We see now in 2020 and 2021 with the Covid pandemic that the Federal Reserve has encouraged borrowing by setting very low interest rates, and the Congress has passed out much money to individuals in these years (I myself received more than $2500 from the US Treasury. ) As compared to the Great Depression, what is the intent of the Federal Reserve and the Congress in 2020-2021?
Assume the required reserve ratio is 10 percent and a bank’s excess reserves are $50 million. Explain why checkable deposits resulting from new loans based on excess reserves are not likely to generate the maximum of $500 million.
Describe in a few words the effect on the money supply of each of the following monetary policies:
The Fed purchases $20 million worth of U. S. Treasury bonds.
The Fed increases the discount rate.
The Fed decreases the discount rate.
The Fed sells $40 million worth of U. S. T-bills.
The Fed decreases the required reserve ratio from 10% to 5%.
What are two problems faced by the Fed in controlling the money supply?
The Great Depression was characterized by negative excess reserves and a contraction of the money supply, caused by panicked depositors withdrawing their funds from the banks. The creation of the FDIC helped to prevent runs on banks by insuring deposits.
As more banks went broke in the Great Depression, the supply of money in circulation decreased due to negative excess reserves. When depositors withdrew their money from the banks, the banks lost a portion of their reserves, which led to a decrease in their ability to create loans.
This reduction in lending capacity, combined with the multiplier effect, resulted in a contraction of the money supply. As banks failed, more depositors panicked and withdrew their funds, exacerbating the downward spiral of the economy. This is a classic case of the "Fallacy of Composition" where individual actions taken in isolation can have unintended and negative consequences on the economy as a whole.
To prevent runs on banks, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation was created. The FDIC insures bank deposits up to a certain amount, which reassures depositors that their money is safe and encourages them to leave their money in the bank.
In 2020-2021, the intent of the Federal Reserve and Congress was to stimulate the economy by increasing borrowing and spending. The low-interest rates encouraged investment and spending, while government stimulus payments put more money in the hands of consumers. The aim was to prevent a recession and ensure that the economy remained stable.
If a bank's excess reserves are $50 million and the required reserve ratio is 10%, it can generate up to $500 million in checkable deposits resulting from new loans. However, this assumes that all new loans will be deposited back into the same bank, which is unlikely. Some of the new loans may be deposited into other banks, leading to a smaller increase in checkable deposits.
The effect of the Fed purchasing $20 million worth of U.S. Treasury bonds is to increase the money supply. This is because the Fed is injecting money into the economy by purchasing bonds, which increases the reserves of the banks and allows them to make more loans.
When the Fed increases the discount rate, it becomes more expensive for banks to borrow money from the Fed, which reduces the money supply. This is because banks are less likely to borrow money when the cost of borrowing is high.
When the Fed decreases the discount rate, it becomes cheaper for banks to borrow money from the Fed, which increases the money supply. This is because banks are more likely to borrow money when the cost of borrowing is low.
When the Fed sells $40 million worth of U.S. T-bills, it decreases the money supply. This is because the Fed is taking money out of the economy by selling the T-bills, which reduces the reserves of the banks and limits their ability to make loans.
When the Fed decreases the required reserve ratio from 10% to 5%, it increases the money supply. This is because banks are required to hold fewer reserves, which allows them to make more loans and create more money.
Two problems faced by the Fed in controlling the money supply are the time lags involved in implementing monetary policy and the difficulty of predicting the effects of policy changes on the economy. It can take months for changes in interest rates or reserve requirements to have an impact on the economy, which can make it difficult to time policy changes correctly.
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As an increasingly important member of S B&D's Sales team, you have established a strong reputation as a "problem Solver". This will come in handy as one of your bigger accounts "F-Tech" is having serious issues competing on anything other than price.What are the three skills needed in solving Customer Problems? When dealing with customers what does the SPIN questioning method stand for and describe how it works best.
As an increasingly important member of S B&D's Sales team, you have established a strong reputation as a "problem Solver". The given problem can be solved by: Understanding the problem; Resolving the issue; Exceeding customer expectations.
The three skills that are necessary for solving customer problems are as follows:
Understanding the Problem: In order to solve a customer's problem, it is critical to first understand the problem. Listen carefully to the customer, ask questions, and reflect back on what you've learned to ensure you've grasped the issue. Resolving the Issue: The salesperson must use their knowledge and experience to assist the customer in resolving the problem. The best course of action must be identified and the solution implemented. Exceeding Customer Expectations: The salesperson should exceed the customer's expectations by going beyond and above what is required. By doing so, they develop long-term relationships with their customers.When dealing with customers, the SPIN questioning method stands for Situation, Problem, Implication, and Need-Payoff. SPIN questioning is a sales technique that aids in the discovery of a customer's specific needs and, as a result, allows salespeople to custom-tailor their sales presentations to meet those needs. Here's how it works:
Situation questions are open-ended inquiries that allow the salesperson to learn about the customer's current situation. For example, "What is your company's current procedure for X?" is a situation inquiry. Problem questions are used to identify the customer's problems. For example, "What problems have you experienced with your current procedure for X?" is a problem inquiry. Implication questions explore the effects of the problem on the customer. For example, "What effect does that have on your employees?" is an implication inquiry. Need-Payoff questions are designed to get the customer to verbalize the benefits of resolving their issue. For example, "How much time and money do you think you'd save if we could provide a solution to that problem?" is a need-payoff inquiry.Learn more about SPIN: https://brainly.com/question/15177094
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T 8 Quiz Dante is making his first purchase using a credit. He asks his friend Tay to educate him about using credit. What is the BEST advice Tay can give him? OA Be prepared to pay back the original amount and additional interest. OB. Make all of your purchases using credit once you have it. You have as much time as you need to pay back your debts. O D. Credit purchases ahways cost less than paying with cash. Reset Next
The BEST advice Tay can give Dante about using credit is; "Be prepared to pay back the original amount and additional interest." Option A is correct.
Credit refers to the ability to borrow money or obtain goods or services with the promise to pay for them at a later time.
This advice is important because when you use credit, you are borrowing money that you will need to repay with interest. Failing to pay back your debts on time can result in high-interest charges, late fees, and damage to your credit score. Therefore, it is important to use credit responsibly and only make purchases that you can afford to pay back in a timely manner.
Hence, A. is the correct option.
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Many businesses that struggle to find investment support for their enterprise will decide to
sell off
expand
bootstrap
or use their own finances
When it comes to finding investment support for a business, there are a variety of options that companies can consider. Some businesses may struggle to secure the necessary funding from outside investors, but that doesn't mean they are out of luck. There are several approaches that these companies can take to move forward.
One option is to sell off a portion of the business to raise capital. This can involve bringing in outside investors or even selling the entire company to a larger organization. While this approach can be effective, it also means giving up a certain amount of control over the business.
Another option is to expand the business in order to generate more revenue. This might involve opening new locations, launching new products or services, or pursuing new markets. Of course, expanding a business can be costly, so it's important to have a clear plan in place before moving forward.
For those who prefer to maintain full control over their business, bootstrapping may be the best option. This involves using the company's own resources and revenue to fund growth and expansion. While it can be a slower approach, it also means that the business owners don't have to answer to outside investors.
Finally, businesses can choose to use their own finances to fund growth and expansion. This might involve taking out loans or tapping into personal savings to invest in the business. Of course, this approach also comes with risks, so it's important to have a solid plan and a clear understanding of the potential outcomes.
In summary, there are a variety of options available for businesses that struggle to find investment support. Whether it's selling off a portion of the business, expanding, bootstrapping, or using their own finances, companies can find a path forward with careful planning and consideration.
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a crucial function of the fed is to maintain a sound financial system by making loans even when no one else can. in this capacity, the fed acts as a . multiple choice question. lender of last resort regulator primary lender caretaker of a system of payments
In this capacity, the Fed acts as a lender of last resort. The lender of last resort is a role performed by central banks, like the Fed, in times of financial crisis when other lenders are unable or unwilling to lend.
The Fed provides loans to financial institutions that are experiencing liquidity problems but are otherwise financially sound. This helps to maintain stability in the financial system and prevent the spread of a crisis.
While the Fed also performs other important functions, such as regulating banks and overseeing the payment system, its role as lender of last resort is a crucial function in times of financial stress.
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To fulfill its philanthropic objective of raising the standard of living for impoverished cacao farmers in Congo, Theo needs customers to know and care about its social objectives. This can be accomplished through a. Corporate philanthropy. B. Cause branding. Cmunity partnerships. D. Volunteer programs
The best option to fulfill Theo's philanthropic objective of raising the standard of living for impoverished cacao farmers in Congo would be through B. cause branding.
Cause branding involves incorporating social objectives and values into a company's brand image and marketing strategy. By promoting their social objective of supporting impoverished cacao farmers in Congo, Theo can raise awareness and interest in their cause among their customers, which can ultimately lead to increased sales and donations.
Corporate philanthropy, community partnerships, and volunteer programs can also be effective in supporting social objectives, but they may not have the same impact on raising awareness and generating customer interest as cause branding.
Therefore, the correct option is b.
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which of the following describes how american options can be valued using a binomial tree? group of answer choices a. check whether early exercise is optimal at all nodes where the option is in-the-money. b. check whether early exercise is optimal at the final nodes. c. check whether early exercise is optimal at the penultimate nodes and the final nodes. d. none of the above.
Option C explains how a binomial tree can be used to value American options.
The correct answer to the question is (c) check whether early exercise is optimal at the penultimate nodes and the final nodes.
The binomial tree model is a commonly used tool to value American options. This model considers two possible outcomes for each period of time, and it constructs a tree of possible future stock prices, allowing for the calculation of the option's value at each node of the tree.
In the case of American options, the owner has the right to exercise the option at any point up to and including its expiration date.
This means that the option may be exercised early, and therefore, the option's value may depend on whether early exercise is optimal or not. To determine the value of an American option using a binomial tree, the model checks whether early exercise is optimal at each node of the tree. However, checking whether early exercise is optimal at every single node would be computationally expensive, and therefore, it is not practical. Instead, the model checks whether early exercise is optimal at the penultimate nodes and the final nodes.
The penultimate nodes are the last nodes before expiration, and they represent the decision points where the option owner must decide whether to exercise the option early or not.
The final nodes are the nodes at expiration, and the option must be exercised at these nodes.
By only checking whether early exercise is optimal at the penultimate and final nodes, the model can determine the option's value with reasonable accuracy while keeping the computation time reasonable. Therefore, the correct answer is (c) check whether early exercise is optimal at the penultimate nodes and the final nodes.
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jessie has a monthly net income of $800. His fixed monthly expenses consist of $150 for rent. He currently pays $80 each month for a credit card bill and now he wants to buy a car. What does jessie have left in his budget for a car payment to stay within his safe debt load?
To maintain his safe debt burden of zero dollars, Jesse has set aside money in his budget for a car payment.
A "budget" is a plan or a description of how much money is spent each month on necessities or for a particular goal. In a budget, intended expenses are expressed together with suggestions for how to fund them. A budget can show a surplus of resources for later use or a deficit if expenses are greater than income or other resources.
According to the car payment budget, there are:
Jessie made $800 in revenue.
Rent is $150.
at this time, pars $80
Debt burden =?
$800 x 10% = $80
$80 - $80 = $0
$0
As a result, they have given him enough money in his budget for a car so that his safe debt load is $0.
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