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In 1866, Congress passed the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. It prevented the states from denying any citizen their rights under the laws of the United States. President Johnson announced to Congress that the amendment had been sent to the states for ratification. Johnson voiced his displeasure with the amendment by stating that his actions should not be seen as "an approval or a recommendation of the amendment to the State legislatures or to the people."

Based on polls, we can safely say that Southern congressmen thought that the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. board of education violated the constitution by interfering with the state's independence to regulate the local educational system.

Southern Congressmen claimed that the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution asserted powers reserved and not delegated to the states and federal government.

Therefore, congressmen believed that the Supreme Court could not institute rules to the education system of each state, being the decision in brown v. board of education unconstitutional.

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"Cutthroat competition" would be an example of social Darwinism. Hence,  option C is correct.

The necessity of "free and Cutthroat competition" opened the railways up to fierce competition, which ultimately led to their financial downfall. They couldn't last for very long due to the fierce rivalry.

the act of suppliers in a given market Cutthroat one another, frequently at prices below cost, in an effort to end competition. This practice usually occurs when supply exceeds demand.

It's possible that a tiny number of oligopoly enterprises will end up battling so ferociously that none of them will end up making any money at all, just like ideal rivals.

Thus, option C is correct.

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Langston Hughes was sympathetic to leftist politics because he believed that the capitalist system oppressed and exploited African Americans and other marginalized groups.

Langston Hughes was a champion of leftist politics, and his literary works are a reflection of his political views. His writing often highlighted the social and economic hardships that African Americans faced in the United States. Hughes saw the benefits of socialism, particularly the redistribution of wealth and the promotion of social equality, which he believed could bring about a more just society. He was drawn to the internationalist perspective of leftist politics, which emphasized solidarity among oppressed peoples worldwide. Hughes' travels and activism allowed him to connect with writers and activists globally, making significant contributions to civil rights and labor movements. As a result, he was widely recognized as one of the most influential and politically engaged writers of his time.

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While the black consciousness movement was successful in challenging the Apartheid Regime in the 1970s, it was not the sole factor in bringing about the end of apartheid in South Africa.

The movement challenged Apartheid Regime in the 1970s by empowering black South Africans to take pride in their identity and to resist oppression. Its also helped to create a sense of unity among black South Africans which was important for challenging the divide-and-conquer tactics of the Apartheid Regime.

The factors like international pressure, economic sanctions, and the actions of the anti-apartheid movement played important roles. In conclusion, while the black consciousness movement was a key factor in challenging the Apartheid Regime in the 1970s.

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Answer:

I think it's B and D but I'm could be wrong

Black troops tore up their pay packets due to discrimination and unequal pay during World War II, a powerful statement of their resistance to injustice.

Black troops refer to soldiers or military personnel who are Black or African American. Throughout history, Black troops have faced discrimination and unequal treatment due to racial prejudice and segregation. During World War II, many Black soldiers were paid less than their white counterparts for performing the same duties, leading to frustration and anger. Some black troops tore up their pay packets or engaged in other acts of protest to demonstrate their resistance to injustice and demand equal treatment and respect.

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During the Korean War, the United States and its allies aimed to contain the spread of communism and prevent North Korea from taking control of the entire Korean Peninsula.

After North Korea invaded South Korea in June 1950, the United States and its allies, under the banner of the United Nations, intervened in the conflict to defend South Korea. The U.S. and its allies were motivated by a desire to contain the spread of communism, which they saw as a threat to global stability and U.S. interests.

In addition to containing communism, the U.S. and its allies sought to prevent North Korea from taking control of the entire Korean Peninsula. After driving back North Korean forces and regaining control of most of South Korea, U.S. General Douglas MacArthur launched an invasion of North Korea in October 1950, hoping to unify the peninsula under South Korean control.

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Mayan traders were not an influence on the Swahili coast. The correct option is c.

The Swahili Coast was an area along the southeastern coast of Africa that was influenced by various groups, including Persian, Indian, and Arab traders. However, Mayan traders did not have any significant influence on the Swahili Coast.

The Swahili Coast was a significant trade route between the East and the West, and its location made it an essential point of contact between different cultures. The coast was also home to several city-states that were characterized by a mix of African and Arab cultures.

The Persian, Indian, and Arab traders who sailed along the Swahili Coast brought with them various goods, including spices, textiles, and precious metals, that influenced the local economy and culture.

In contrast, the Mayans were a civilization located in Mesoamerica, thousands of miles away from the Swahili Coast. There is no evidence to suggest that the Mayans had any significant trade or cultural exchange with the Swahili Coast. Therefore, it can be concluded that Mayan traders did not influence the Swahili Coast.

In summary, while Persian, Indian, and Arab traders had a significant influence on the Swahili Coast, Mayan traders did not play any role in shaping the culture or economy of the region.

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The 19th century, the United States government hinted that it could now compensate the community for land losses under a strategy known as "allotment and assimilation." 

The Dawes Act, signed into law in 1887 by President Grover Cleveland and also known as the Dawes Severalty Act or General Allotment Act, gave the federal government the authority to divide up tribal territory.

The  Removal Act, which President Andrew Jackson signed into law on May 28, 1830, gave the president the power to swap  territories inside existing state boundaries for uninhabited territory west of the Mississippi.

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1. After World War I, Germany faced economic hardship, political instability, and social unrest due to the Treaty of Versailles. Hitler blamed the problems on the Treaty of Versailles, the Jewish people, and the Communists, and formed the Nazi Party to promote his anti-Semitic and anti-Communist views. He gained a following and used this support to gain political power.

2. The Great Depression had a devastating effect on Germany's economy, leading to high levels of unemployment, inflation, and economic instability, making it easier for the Nazi Party to gain support.

3. The Nazis used propaganda, intimidation, and violence to gain support. They used their paramilitary organization, the Sturmabteilung (SA), to attack their opponents and intimidate voters. In the 1930 election, they won 107 seats in the German parliament, making them the second largest party in Germany.

4. Hitler was appointed chancellor in 1933 and began to consolidate his power and establish a dictatorship. He passed the Enabling Act, which gave him dictatorial powers, and used it to eliminate opposition parties, ban trade unions, and establish a one-party state. He also used the SS and Gestapo to suppress dissent and enforce his policies. This led to the persecution of Jews, homosexuals, disabled people, and other groups deemed "undesirable". The Holocaust was one of the most horrific consequences of Hitler's regime.

Answer:

Explanation:

1)After World War I, Germany faced economic hardship, political instability, and social unrest due to the Treaty of Versailles. Hitler blamed the problems on the Treaty of Versailles, the Jewish people, and the Communists, and formed the Nazi Party to promote his anti-Semitic and anti-Communist views. He gained a following and used this support to gain political power.

2. The Great Depression had a devastating effect on Germany's economy, leading to high levels of unemployment, inflation, and economic instability, making it easier for the Nazi Party to gain support.

3. The Nazis used propaganda, intimidation, and violence to gain support. They used their paramilitary organization, the Sturmabteilung (SA), to attack their opponents and intimidate voters. In the 1930 election, they won 107 seats in the German parliament, making them the second largest party in Germany.

4. Hitler was appointed chancellor in 1933 and began to consolidate his power and establish a dictatorship. He passed the Enabling Act, which gave him dictatorial powers, and used it to eliminate opposition parties, ban trade unions, and establish a one-party state. He also used the SS and Gestapo to suppress dissent and enforce his policies. This led to the persecution of Jews, homosexuals, disabled people, and other groups deemed "undesirable". The Holocaust was one of the most horrific consequences of Hitler's regime.

Answer:it provided new economic opportunities and generally tied the country together so probably B sorry if im wrong  

Explanation:

Yes I would have to recommend Canada as a country for my family's new home

Canada is a diverse and multicultural country with a high standard of living, excellent healthcare and education systems, and a strong social safety net. The country is known for its welcoming and friendly people, beautiful natural landscapes, and vibrant cities. These are some of the reasons why many people choose Canada as their new home.

Additionally, Canada has a strong economy and is ranked as one of the safest countries in the world. It offers a high quality of life for families, with a focus on work-life balance and outdoor activities. Canada also has a good reputation for being environmentally conscious, with a strong commitment to sustainability and conservation.

However, it is important to consider some of the potential challenges of living in Canada. The country has a relatively high cost of living, particularly in major cities like Toronto and Vancouver. Additionally, the weather in Canada can be harsh and challenging, particularly in the winter months.

Overall, Canada can be a great choice for families looking for a safe, welcoming, and diverse country with a high standard of living. However, it is important to carefully consider the potential challenges before making a final decision.

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The article was to encourage young black Americans to participate more fully as citizens of this country. Thus, option D is correct.

The fact that a song written to bring Black Americans together in the hope to forge a sense of community was substituted for the song "The Star-Spangled Banner" emphasizes the historical importance of the Black nation's anthem with its reemergence in 2020.  

A massive American flag was raised by American troops at Baltimore's Fort McHenry to commemorate an important win over British forces throughout the War in the country. Therefore, option D is correct.

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The political party formed and influenced by abolitionists was the Republican Party.

The Republican Party was established in the 1850s as a result of the divisions within the existing political parties over the issue of slavery. Abolitionists, who sought the end of slavery in the United States, played a significant role in the formation of this new party.

They believed that the institution of slavery was morally wrong and opposed its expansion into new territories. The Republican Party's first platform, adopted in 1856, reflected these anti-slavery sentiments.

Over time, the party attracted other anti-slavery activists, and in 1860, Republican candidate Abraham Lincoln was elected president. His presidency ultimately led to the Civil War and the eventual abolition of slavery through the Emancipation Proclamation and the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

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If Andrew Jackson had grown up wealthy, his personality and politics might have been quite different.

He would have had access to education and resources that would have allowed him to understand the complexities of the political climate. He would have also been exposed to different perspectives on how to handle controversial issues such as Native American removal. He might have been more likely to attempt to negotiate and compromise with the Native Americans instead of forcibly removing them from their land.

Jackson would also have had more of an understanding for the needs of the wealthy and would have been more likely to work to create policies that benefited them. Additionally, Jackson’s policies would likely have been less populist in nature if he had grown up with the privileged class.

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The correct order of events in the Buddha's life is d. leaves the palace, a. becomes an ascetic, b. has a son, c. reaches enlightenment. The correct option is d, a, b, c.

The correct order of events in the Buddha's life is an important aspect of understanding his teachings and the development of Buddhism. The sequence of events highlights the Buddha's path from a life of privilege and luxury to a spiritual quest for enlightenment and the eventual founding of one of the world's major religions.

The first step in this journey was the Buddha's decision to begin teaching his philosophy and doctrine, which he did after reaching enlightenment. This teaching was focused on the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path, which provide guidance for followers seeking to live a life of mindfulness, compassion, and wisdom.

The Buddha's decision to become an ascetic was a key step in his spiritual journey, as it allowed him to confront and overcome his own attachments and desires. This period of his life was marked by intense meditation and self-denial, but ultimately he rejected this path as insufficient for achieving enlightenment.

The Buddha's decision to leave the palace and seek enlightenment was the catalyst for his spiritual journey. This decision was motivated by his realization that material wealth and luxury could not provide lasting happiness or fulfilment. It was only by confronting the suffering and impermanence of life that he could begin to understand the true nature of existence.

Finally, the Buddha's enlightenment marked the culmination of his spiritual journey and the beginning of his teaching mission. The Buddha's teachings and example have had a profound impact on the world, and continue to inspire people seeking to live a life of compassion, wisdom, and inner peace.

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The Doctrine of Nullification was similar to the concept of state sovereignty, where states believed they had the right to nullify federal laws they deemed unconstitutional.

This idea was based on the belief that the states were independent entities that formed a union and had delegated limited powers to the federal government.

The Doctrine of Nullification was most prominently seen in the lead up to the Civil War, where Southern states attempted to nullify federal laws related to slavery.

Ultimately, the Supreme Court ruled that nullification was unconstitutional and the Civil War was fought over the issue of state sovereignty and the power of the federal government.

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The causes of fear and uncertainty before WW2 include economic instability, political polarization, expansionist policies, the failure of the League of Nations, the belief in the inevitability of war, and memories of WW1.

The causes and effects of fear and uncertainty before WW2. Here are six causes and their corresponding effects:

1. Cause: Economic instability during the Great Depression.
Effect: The high unemployment rates and financial hardships led to social unrest and desperation, making it easier for extremist political movements to gain support.

2. Cause: Political polarization and the rise of totalitarian regimes.
Effect: The establishment of dictatorships in countries like Germany, Italy, and Japan increased international tensions and contributed to an atmosphere of fear and uncertainty.

3. Cause: Expansionist policies pursued by Germany, Italy, and Japan.
Effect: These aggressive territorial ambitions led to increased military spending and the violation of international treaties, further fueling global tensions.

4. Cause: Failure of the League of Nations to prevent conflicts.
Effect: The ineffectiveness of the League in addressing aggressions from Germany, Italy, and Japan weakened global trust in diplomatic solutions, leading to a greater sense of fear and uncertainty.

5. Cause: Widespread belief in the inevitability of war.
Effect: The pervasive notion that another world war was unavoidable contributed to a self-fulfilling prophecy, as countries prepared for conflict and became increasingly distrustful of one another.

6. Cause: Collective memories of the horrors of World War 1.
Effect: The fear of a repeat of the devastating consequences of the First World War drove nations to desperately search for ways to avoid or prepare for another global conflict, often exacerbating the tensions that led to WW2.

In summary, the causes of fear and uncertainty before WW2 include economic instability, political polarization, expansionist policies, the failure of the League of Nations, the belief in the inevitability of war, and memories of WW1.

These factors contributed to a global atmosphere of tension, mistrust, and apprehension that eventually led to the outbreak of the Second World War.

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Answer:

It is the job of the court to consider precedent.
It is the job of the court to defer to the policy decisions of the executive branch.

Explanation:

Stagflation, long gas lines, and distrust of government after Watergate. contributed most directly to the national mood, as interpreted by Carter .

In his 1979 speech, President Jimmy Carter described a national mood of crisis and pessimism. He pointed out that for the first time in US history, a majority of the people believed that the next five years would be worse than the past five years. He also noted that two-thirds of the people did not even vote, which was an indication of the disillusionment and apathy that had gripped the nation. The national mood was a result of various factors, including stagflation, long gas lines, and distrust of government after the Watergate scandal.

In response to Carter's speech, Ronald Reagan, who was running for president at the time, rejected the idea that Americans had to learn to live with less and that the future would be worse than the past. He asserted that the American people were capable of achieving great things and that the nation's best days were still ahead. His optimistic vision of the future struck a chord with many Americans who were tired of the gloom and doom that had characterized the national mood.

Overall, the national mood in the late 1970s was one of crisis and pessimism, but it was also a time when Americans were looking for leaders who could inspire them and give them hope for a better future. Both Carter and Reagan acknowledged the challenges facing the nation but offered different visions of how to overcome them.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Geography plays a significant role in shaping people's lives, as evidenced by the different political, economic, and social characteristics of early peoples in North America, the Inca civilization in South America, and the Maya and Aztec civilizations in Middle America. For example, the harsh environment of the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions of North America influenced the Inuit people's subsistence lifestyle, where hunting and fishing were critical for survival. The online textbook notes that the Inuit people lived in igloos, and their clothing was made from animal skins, emphasizing their dependence on the natural resources in their environment.

In South America, the Andes mountain range presented significant challenges to the Inca civilization's political and economic systems. The Inca people built an extensive network of roads and bridges to connect their empire and facilitate trade and communication. According to the online textbook, the Inca civilization was also able to develop a complex irrigation system that allowed them to cultivate crops in the mountainous terrain.

In Middle America, the Maya and Aztec civilizations were significantly influenced by the region's tropical environment. The Maya people developed advanced agricultural practices, including the use of terrace farming, to sustain their population. The Aztecs, on the other hand, were able to thrive in a swampy region through the construction of chinampas, or floating gardens, which allowed them to grow crops and increase their food supply. These different agricultural practices and adaptations to the environment influenced the political and economic systems of these civilizations.

Overall, geography played a crucial role in shaping the political, economic, and social characteristics of early peoples in the Americas. The natural environment influenced their subsistence, agricultural practices, and ability to develop trade and communication networks, which, in turn, impacted their political and economic structures.

Answer:

Stephen Hawking was a British theoretical physicist and cosmologist who was one of the most brilliant minds of the 20th and early 21st centuries. He was born on January 8, 1942, in Oxford, England, and died on March 14, 2018, at the age of 76. Hawking was known for his groundbreaking work on the physics of black holes, the origins of the universe, and the nature of space and time. He also gained widespread fame for his popular science books, such as "A Brief History of Time", which made complex concepts accessible to a general audience. Despite being diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a motor neuron disease, at the age of 21, Hawking continued to work and make significant contributions to the field of physics throughout his life.

Explanation:

The correct order of the Aryan castes from lowest to highest is: untouchables, peasants, merchants, priests, rulers.

The Aryan caste system was a hierarchical social structure that developed in ancient India, based on the belief that people were born into specific castes based on their karma and dharma from past lives.

The caste system was divided into four main categories or varnas: Brahmins (priests), Kshatriyas (rulers and warriors), Vaishyas (merchants and traders), and Shudras (peasants and laborers). Additionally, there was a group of people considered outside the caste system known as the Dalits or Untouchables.

The correct order of the Aryan castes from lowest to highest is: untouchables, peasants, merchants, priests, rulers. The Untouchables or Dalits were considered outside the caste system and were often subjected to discrimination and social exclusion. The Shudras or peasants and laborers were at the bottom of the caste system and were subjected to various forms of exploitation by the higher castes. The Vaishyas or merchants and traders occupied a middle position in the caste system, while the Brahmins or priests and the Kshatriyas or rulers and warriors were at the top of the hierarchy.

The Aryan caste system had a profound impact on Indian society and culture, influencing social, economic, and political relationships for centuries. While the caste system was officially abolished in India in 1950, its legacy continues to shape Indian society and influence social relationships in the country.

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Most of Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa did not industrialize and depended on exporting primary products.

Most of Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa did not industrialize in the same way as Western Europe and North America during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Instead, these regions were heavily dependent on the export of primary products such as agricultural goods, minerals, and raw materials, which were often produced on large plantations or extracted through mining.

This export-oriented model of development contributed to the growth of the global economy but also led to the marginalization of these regions, as they were often subject to exploitation by more developed nations. It was not until later in the 20th century that some Latin American and African nations began to develop their own industrial sectors, often with the support of government policies and international aid.

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Explanation:

1. Eugenics. Undeniably the most pernicious pseudoscience pushed by the Nazis, eugenics applies the "Darwinian concepts of evolution to the problems of human society", blaming certain "genetically diseased" persons for societal shortcomings.

2. Hollow-Earth Hypothesis. Though not prominent in broader Nazi thought, it's reported that many 'intellectuals' in the upper echelons of the Nazi party entertained the concave hollow-Earth hypothesis, the notion that humans are living on the inner shell of a hollow Earth. Thus, everything we see in the sky is actually at the center of our hollow planet.

3. Biodynamics. The forerunner of modern organic farming, biodynamic farming was invented in 1924 by Austrian-born occultist Rudolf Steiner. As Peter Staudenmaier, an Associate Professor of History at Marquette University, described, "The approach is based on a holistic view of the farm or garden as an integrated organism comprising soil, plants, animals, and various cosmic forces, with sowing and harvesting conducted according to astrological principles.

4. Nazi Anthropology. Key to Nazism was the notion that Germans descended from an ancient, superior "Aryan" race, who had been responsible for most major developments in human history such as agriculture, art

5. World Ice Theory. Invented after a wild dream by Austrian engineer Hanns Hörbiger, world ice theory, or Welteislehre, states that ice is the basic substance of all cosmic processes, making up moons, planets, and stars. Though patently nonsense, Horgiber compellingly popularized his idea to the peoples of Austria and Germany in the early 1900s.

Appointed him as s millitary Governor.

Explanation:

In 1862, Lincoln appointed him as Military Governor of Tennessee after most of it had been retaken.

They each include technology that was originally developed for use in the U.S. space exploration program factor links modern innovations. Option C is correct.

Innovation is the process of bringing a domain, a product, or a service up to date through the implementation of novel processes, the introduction of novel techniques, or the development of successful concepts to generate new value.

Innovation is characterized by the creation of value. When new product lines or processes are introduced through innovation, market share, revenue, and customer satisfaction all rise. Innovation is sometimes used to improve the business's operating systems or introduce cutting-edge automation technologies.

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Complete question as follows:

Which factor links all of these modern innovations?

A. They are all products initially created for use in the U.S. communications industry.

B. They each include material that was first grown on U.S. experimental farms in the late nineteenth century.

C. They each include technology that was originally developed for use in the U.S. space exploration program.

D. They are all special tools first created for U.S. transportation workers in the early twentieth century.

The First Opium War began when British merchants began importing opium from India into China in order to make a profit.

This was done despite the Chinese government's prohibition against the importation of opium. This caused an uproar in the Chinese government, who sought to protect its citizens from the dangers of opium addiction.

They responded by enacting laws to prohibit the importation of opium and to punish anyone found in possession of opium. This led to a series of conflicts between the Chinese and British forces which eventually escalated into the First Opium War.

The war lasted two and a half years, ending in a decisive British victory. The war was a major milestone in the history of international diplomacy, marking the first time a Western power had successfully imposed its will upon a non-Western state. It also helped to pave the way for the eventual colonization of China by Western powers.

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