For strong electrolytes, molar conductivity decreases as the solution is diluted because the concentration of ions decreases.
For weak electrolytes, molar conductivity increases as the solution is diluted because as the solution is diluted, the concentration of ions increases.
The expression for the dilution law is A = εcb
What is molar conductivity?The conductivity of a solution containing one mole of an electrolyte when placed between two electrodes spaced one centimeter apart is known as the molar conductivity of the electrolyte. The strength of the electrolyte affects how molar conductivity changes with dilution.
At infinite dilution, the molar conductivity of an electrolyte reaches its maximum value because the electrolyte's ions are so far apart that they no longer interact with one another.
The dilution law or Beer-Lambert law states that the absorbance of a solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solution and the path length of the light through the solution.
A ∝ cb
Adding a proportionality constant gives:
A = εcb
where;
A is absorbanceε is a constant known as the molar absorptivityc is concentrationb is the path lengthLearn more about molar conductivity at: https://brainly.com/question/26097545
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PLEASE HELP!!
416 g of Xenon-146 was placed in a container to decay, if there is now 13g of Xenon- 146 left, how long has the Xenon been decaying? (the half-life of ^ 146 Xe is 37 hours) Please enter your answer as with one decimal place and with no units.
The decay of Xenon-146 follows an exponential decay model, where the amount of Xenon-146 remaining after time t is given by:
N(t) = N0 * (1/2)^(t/T)
where N0 is the initial amount of Xenon-146, T is the half-life of Xenon-146, and t is the time that has passed.
We are given that N0 = 416 g, N(t) = 13 g, and T = 37 hours. We can solve for t as follows:
N(t) = N0 * (1/2)^(t/T)
13 = 416 * (1/2)^(t/37)
Taking the natural logarithm of both sides:
ln(13) = ln(416) + (t/37) * ln(1/2)
Solving for t:
t = 37 * [ln(13/416) / ln(1/2)]
t ≈ 111.2 hours
Therefore, the Xenon-146 has been decaying for approximately 111.2 hours.
what is the most basic level of organization that can perform functions like converting food into energy
Answer: Cells
Explanation:
What is the volume of a 1.0 M solution that has 4.0 moles of solute?
The volume of a 1.0 M solution that has 4.0 moles of solute is 4.0 liters.
What is mole ?A mole is a unit of measurement used in chemistry to represent the quantity of a chemical.
We can use the following formula to get the volume of a 1.0 M solution containing 4.0 moles of solute:
moles of solute = molarity x volume of solution
To determine the volume of the solution, we can rearrange this formula as follows:
Volume of solution = molarity / moles of solute.
By entering the specified values, we obtain:
4.0 moles / 1.0 M is the solution's volume.
Solution volume = 4.0 L
Therefore, the volume of a 1.0 M solution that has 4.0 moles of solute is 4.0 liters.
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Difference between practical work inside a laboratory and outside a laboratory?
The main difference between practical work inside and outside a laboratory is the environment and tools used for experimentation.
Practical work inside and outside the laboratoryInside a laboratory, experiments are conducted in a controlled environment with specialized equipment and instruments designed to facilitate experimentation, record data, and ensure safety.
On the other hand, outside the laboratory, experiments are often conducted in a less controlled environment, which can make it more challenging to control variables and obtain accurate results.
Also, experiments outside the laboratory often require different tools and techniques to account for environmental factors such as weather conditions. However, outside the laboratory, there is often more opportunity for real-world applications of experimental findings.
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Can someone please help me with chemistry?
Show steps! Thank you
a. The mass of Cr2O3 is 0.559 g Cr2O3 is the maximum amount of Cr2O3 produced.
b.The limiting reactant is Cr(NO3)3 because it produces less moles of Cr2O3 than Na2O.
c. The percent yield is 84%.
How do we calculate?The balanced equation is shown below:
2 Cr(NO3)3 + 3 Na2O → Cr2O3 + 6 NaNO3
moles of Cr(NO3)3 = 1.75 g / 238.01 g/mol = 0.00735 mol
moles of Na2O = 1.75 g / 61.98 g/mol = 0.0282 mol
moles of Cr2O3 = (0.00735 mol Cr(NO3)3) × (1 mol Cr2O3 / 2 mol Cr(NO3)3) = 0.00368 mol Cr2O3 (theoretical yield)
mass of Cr2O3 = (0.00368 mol Cr2O3) × (151.99 g/mol) = 0.559 g Cr2O3
The percent yield can be calculated by dividing the actual yield by the theoretical yield and multiplying by 100%:
percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) × 100%
percent yield = (0.455 g / 0.559 g) × 100% = 81.4%
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What is the limiting reagent in the reaction of 0.150 g of salicylic acid with 0.350 mL of acetic anhydride (d=1.082 g/mL)? Show your work.
The limiting reagent for the reaction between 0.150 g of salicylic acid and 0.350 mL of acetic anhydride is salicylic acid, C₇H₆O₃
How do i determine the limiting reagent?First, we shall determine the mass of the acetic anhydride. Details below:
Volume of acetic anhydride = 0.350Density of acetic anhydride = 1.082 g/mLMass of acetic anhydride =?Mass = density × volume
Mass of acetic anhydride, C₄H₆O₃ = 1.082 × 0.350
Mass of acetic anhydride, C₄H₆O₃ = 0.3787 g
Finally, we shall determine the limiting reagent. Details below:
C₇H₆O₃ + C₄H₆O₃ -> C₉H₈O₄ + CH₃COOH
Molar mass of C₇H₆O₃ = 138.121 g/molMass of C₇H₆O₃ from the balanced equation = 1 × 138.121 = 138.121 g Molar mass of C₄H₆O₃ = 102.09 g/molMass of C₄H₆O₃ from the balanced equation = 1 × 102.09 = 102.09 gFrom the balanced equation above,
138.121 g of C₇H₆O₃ reacted with 102.09 g of C₄H₆O₃
Therefore,
0.150 g of C₇H₆O₃ will react with = (0.150 × 102.09) / 138.121 = 0.11089 g of C₄H₆O₃
We can see from the above that only 0.11089 g of acetic anhydride, C₄H₆O₃ out of 0.3787 g is needed to react with 0.150 g of salicylic acid, C₇H₆O₃
Thus, the limiting reagent is salicylic acid, C₇H₆O₃
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1. Which of the following stars has a temperature of approximately 9000 K and luminosity about to
20 times greater than the Surfs luminos
a Sirius
b. Procyon
c. Figel
d. Polaris
2. Which of the following types of stars is considered part of the main sequera
a Supergants
b. Red giants
c. Red dwarts
d. White dwarfs
3. Which of the following stars is cooler than the
Surf
a. Procyon B
b. Pigel
C. Barnard's Star
d. Sirius
4. The Sun is classified with which of the following types of stars?
a. Supergiants
b. Red giants
c. Main sequence
d. White dwars
5. Which of the forces listed below is most responsible for the formation of start?
a. Gravity
b. Magnetism
c. Bectromagnetism
d. Light
6. Which star has a higher luminosity and a lower temperature than the Sun?
a. Pigel
b. Barnard's Star
c. Alpha Centauri
d. Aldebaran
7. Compared to the temperature and luminosity of the star Polars, the star Srus is
a. hotter and more luminous
b. hotter and less luminous
c. cooler and more luminous cooler and less luminous
1. The star that has a temperature of approximately 9000 K and luminosity about 20 times greater than the Sun’s luminosity is Vega.
2. The type of star that is considered part of the main sequence is red dwarfs.
3. The star that is cooler than the Sun is Barnard’s Star.
4. The Sun is classified as a main sequence star.
5. The force most responsible for the formation of stars is gravity.
6. The star that has a higher luminosity and a lower temperature than the Sun is Aldebaran.
7. Compared to the temperature and luminosity of the star Polaris, the star Sirius is hotter and more luminous.
How many moles of water are in 36.030 ml?
Answer:
2.000 moles.
Explanation:
To solve this question, we need to use the formula:
n = V / VM
where n is the number of moles, V is the volume of water in milliliters, and VM is the molar volume of water in milliliters per mole. The molar volume of water at standard temperature and pressure (STP) is 18.02 mL/mol. Plugging in the given value, we get:
n = 36.030 mL / 18.02 mL/mol n = 2.000 moles
The answer is 2.000 moles.
Answer:
649.090
Explanation:
Calculate the cell potential for the galvanic cell in which the given reaction occurs at 25 °C, given that [Ti2+]=0.00140 M and [Au3+]=0.887 M .
3Ti(s)+2Au3+(aq)↽−−⇀3Ti2+(aq)+2Au(s)
Under the specified conditions, the cell potential of the given galvanic cell is 3.11 V.
How to determine cell potential?The standard reduction potentials for the half-reactions involved in the cell reaction are:
Ti²⁺(aq) + 2e- ⇆ Ti(s) E° = -1.63 V
Au³⁺(aq) + 3e- ⇆ Au(s) E° = +1.50 V
The cell potential (Ecell) is given by:
Ecell = E°cathode - E°anode
where E°cathode = standard reduction potential of the cathode (reduction half-reaction) and E°anode = standard reduction potential of the anode (oxidation half-reaction).
In this case, Ti²⁺ is oxidized (anode) and Au³⁺ is reduced (cathode). Therefore:
E°anode = -1.63 V
E°cathode = +1.50 V
So, Ecell = +1.50 V - (-1.63 V) = +3.13 V
The Nernst equation can be used to calculate the cell potential (Ecell) under non-standard conditions:
Ecell = E°cell - (RT/nF) ln(Q)
where R = gas constant (8.314 J/(molK)), T = temperature in Kelvin (25 °C = 298 K), n = number of electrons transferred in the balanced equation (3 in this case), F = Faraday constant (96,485 C/mol), and Q = reaction quotient.
For the given concentrations:
[Ti²⁺] = 0.00140 M
[Au³⁺] = 0.887 M
The reaction quotient Q can be written as:
Q = ([Ti²⁺]³/[Au³⁺]²)
Substituting the values into the Nernst equation:
Ecell = E°cell - (RT/nF) ln([Ti²⁺]³/[Au³⁺]²)
Ecell = 3.13 V - (8.314 J/(molK) × 298 K / (3 × 96,485 C/mol)) ln(0.00140³/0.887²)
Ecell = 3.13 V - 0.0217 V
Ecell = 3.11 V
Therefore, the cell potential for the given galvanic cell under the given conditions is 3.11 V.
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A solution contains 0.0400 M Ca2+ and 0.0990 M Ag+. If solid Na3PO4 is added to this mixture, which of the phosphate species would precipitate out of solution first?
Ca3(PO4)2
Ag3PO4
Na3PO4
When the second cation just starts to precipitate, what percentage of the first cation remains in solution?
15.66% of the first cation is still in solution as the second cation is just beginning to precipitate.
What is phosphate used for?One of the three main nutrients that are most frequently used in fertilisers is phosphorous, which is obtained from processing phosphate rock (the other two are nitrogen and potassium).
You can also make phosphoric acid into phosphoric acids, which are utilised in everything from food and skincare to animal feed and electronics. Over the course of millions of years, organic matter accumulates to form the sedimentary rock known as phosphate.
When [tex]Na_{3}Po_{4}[/tex] added to the solution of Ca and Mg, [tex]Ca_{3}(Po_{4})_{2}[/tex] and [tex]Ag_{3}Po_{4}[/tex] are formed.
Ksp of [tex]Ca_{3}(Po_{4})_{2} = 2.07*10^{-33}[/tex]
Ksp of [tex]Ag_{3}Po_{4} = 0.09*10^{-17}[/tex]
Concentration of [tex][Ca^{2+}][/tex] = 0.040 M
Concentration of [tex][Ag^{+}][/tex] = 0.0990 M
[tex]Ag_{3} Po_{4} - > 3Ag^{+} + Po_{4}^{3-}[/tex]
Ksp = [tex][Ag^{+}]^{3} [Po4^{3-}][/tex]
[tex]0.09*10^{-17} = (0.099)^{3} [Po_{3-}][/tex]
[tex][Po_{3-}] = 9.16*10^{-14}M[/tex]
[tex]Ksp = [Ca^{2+}]^{3} [Po_{3-}][/tex]
[tex]2.07*10^{-33} = (0.040)^{3} [Po_{4}^{3-}]^{2}[/tex]
[tex][Po_{4}^{3-}] = 5.68*10^{-15} M[/tex]
[tex][Po_{4}^{3-}][/tex] is smaller in [tex]Ca_{3}(Po_{4})_{2}[/tex]
[tex]Ca_{3}(Po_{4})_{2}[/tex] will start precipitating first
[tex]Ksp = [Ca^{2+}]^{3} [Po_{4}^{3-}]^{2}[/tex]
[tex]2.07*10^{-33} = [Ca^{2+}]^{3} (9.16*10^{-14})^{2}[/tex]
[tex][Ca^{2+}] = 6.27*10^{-3} M[/tex]
[tex]\%\ of\ Ca^{2+}[/tex] remaining [tex]= 6.27*10^{-3}/0.040 * 100[/tex]
= 15.66 %
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You want to have a barbecue this weekend! But you're worried about global warming. You only want to release a maximum of 0.750 kg of carbon dioxide from your propane grill. Using the below equation to answer the following questions.
CH3(g) + 5O2(g) → 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(g)
ΔHrxn = -2220.1 kJ
a. How many kilojoules will you be able to release?
b. If it requires 1900 kJ to cook one hamburger, how many hamburgers can you cook?
a. We will be able to release 37,827 kJ. b. You can cook a maximum of 19 hamburgers without exceeding the limit of 0.750 kg of carbon dioxide.
a. We need to use the balanced chemical equation and the enthalpy change of the reaction.
Therefore, moles [tex]CO_2[/tex] produced are[tex]0.750 kg / 44.01 g/mol = 17.03 mol.[/tex]
The enthalpy change of the reaction is -2220.1 kJ/mol. Thus, the maximum number of kilojoules that can be released is:
[tex]\Delta Hrxn * moles of[/tex] [tex]CO_2[/tex] = [tex]-2220.1 kJ/mol * 17.03 mol = -37,827 kJ[/tex]
We need to reverse the sign of the answer, giving us 37,827 kJ.
b. If it requires 1900 kJ to cook one hamburger, we can divide the maximum number of kilojoules that can be released by the energy required to cook one hamburger:
37,827 kJ / 1900 kJ/hamburger = 19.91 hamburgers
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What common name is given to group 0 elements of the periodic table
7. What is the reason that methemoglobinemia was isolated to Troublesome Creek area of KY? (In other
words why was the disorder only prevalent in KY; why didn't other states see cases like this?)
Methemoglobinemia was caused by contaminated well water and a genetic predisposition in the population of Troublesome Creek, KY.
Methemoglobinemia was detached to the Problematic Rivulet area of KY in view of the novel blend of ecological variables and hereditary inclination in the populace. The issue was brought about by the utilization of well water polluted with elevated degrees of nitrate and nitrite, which can cause the arrangement of methemoglobin in the blood. The populace in this space was to a great extent slipped from a little gathering of trailblazers who settled there during the 1800s, which might have added to a higher pervasiveness of the hereditary characteristic that inclines people toward the issue. The particular mix of hereditary defenselessness and ecological openness in this populace probably prompted the secluded flare-up of methemoglobinemia around here.
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What mass of CO2 can be produced from 25.0 g CaCO3 given the decomposition reaction CaCO3 => CaO + CO2
25.0 g of CaCO3 will produce 11.0 g of CO2. Mass is an intrinsic property of an object, meaning it does not depend on the object's location or the presence of other objects.
What is Mass?
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object. It is a scalar quantity and is typically measured in units such as grams (g) or kilograms (kg). Mass is not the same as weight, which is a measure of the force exerted on an object due to gravity.
The balanced chemical equation for the decomposition of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is:
CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
According to the equation, 1 mole of CaCO3 produces 1 mole of CO2. The molar mass of CaCO3 is 100.09 g/mol, which means that 1 mole of CaCO3 has a mass of 100.09 g.
To calculate the mass of CO2 produced from 25.0 g of CaCO3, we first need to convert the mass of CaCO3 to moles:
25.0 g CaCO3 x (1 mol CaCO3/100.09 g CaCO3) = 0.2498 mol CaCO3
Since 1 mole of CaCO3 produces 1 mole of CO2, we know that 0.2498 mol of CaCO3 will produce 0.2498 mol of CO2.
To convert the moles of CO2 to mass, we can use the molar mass of CO2, which is 44.01 g/mol:
0.2498 mol CO2 x 44.01 g/mol = 11.0 g CO2
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Question: Why is the liquid oxygen machine producing less liquid oxygen than normal?
Claim1: there is frozen water in tank 2, which is blocking some of the oxygen from coming into tank 3.
Claim2: some of the liquid oxygen evaporated in tank 3.
Claim3: some of the oxygen didn’t condense in tank 2.
What is the electron configuration for magnesium (Mg)?
O A. 1s²2s²2p²356
B. 15²25²3s23p6
C. 3s²3p 3d
D. 1s²2s²2p63s²
Answer:
D is correct.(1s22s22p63s2)
report of collage model of photosynthesis process
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and some microorganisms convert light energy into chemical energy. It is a complex process that occurs in two stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (also known as the Calvin cycle).
The light-dependent reactions (Photosynthesis)occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and involve the absorption of light by pigments such as chlorophyll. This energy is then used to generate ATP and NADPH, which are used in the next stage of the process. The light-independent reactions occur in the stroma of chloroplasts and involve the fixation of carbon dioxide into organic molecules using the energy generated in the previous stage.
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The characteristics of two different types of reactions are shown below:
Reaction A: An atom loses electrons during the reaction.
Reaction B: An atom loses protons and neutrons during the reaction.
Which statement is true about the two reactions?
Both reactions retain the identity of the elements.
Both reactions change the identity of the elements.
Reaction A produces more energy than Reaction B.
Reaction B produces more energy than Reaction A.
The statement that is true about the reactions is
Both reactions retain the identity of the elements.How to identify the true statementIn Reactions A and B, the participating atoms preserve their elemental identity despite losing electrons (in Reaction A) or protons and neutrons (in Reaction B). This can give rise to distinct isotopes or ions of the same element while preserving its fundamental attributes.
The statements concerning energy production aren't necessarily accurate or linked with the reaction's traits. Energy output depends on many variables, such as specific reactants involved and their conditions during reactions.
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Iron pyrite (FeS2) is the form in which much of
the sulfur exists in coal. In the combustion of
coal, oxygen reacts with iron pyrite to produce
iron(III) oxide and sulfur dioxide, which is a
major source of air pollution and a substantial
contributor to acid rain. What mass of Fe2O3
is produced from 74 L of oxygen at 2.97 atm
and 161◦C with an excess of iron pyrite?
Answer in units of g
The mass of Fe₂O₃ produced is 101.9 g.
How to calculate mass ?The balanced chemical equation for the combustion of iron pyrite is:
4FeS₂(s) + 11O₂(g) → 2Fe₂O3(s) + 8SO₂(g)
From the equation, 11 moles of oxygen are required to produce 2 moles of Fe₂O₃. Convert the given volume of oxygen to moles:
n(O2) = PV/RT = (2.97 atm)(74 L)/(0.0821 L·atm/mol·K)(161 + 273 K) = 3.51 mol
Since the reaction requires 11 moles of O₂ for every 2 moles of Fe₂O₃, calculate the moles of Fe₂O₃ produced:
n(Fe₂O₃) = (2/11) × n(O₂) = (2/11) × 3.51 mol = 0.638 mol
Finally, use the molar mass of Fe₂O₃ to convert moles to grams:
m(Fe₂O₃) = n(Fe₂O₃) × M(Fe₂O₃) = 0.638 mol × 159.69 g/mol = 101.9 g
Therefore, the mass of Fe₂O₃ produced is 101.9 g.
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A gas‑filled weather balloon has a volume of 56.0 L
at ground level, where the pressure is 761 mmHg
and the temperature is 23.1 ∘C.
After being released, the balloon rises to an altitude where the temperature is −6.97 ∘C
and the pressure is 0.0772 atm.
What is the weather balloon's volume at the higher altitude?
We wish to determine the mass of Mg required to react completely with 250mL of 1.0 M HCI. HCI reacts with Mg according to the equation below.
2HCl(aq) + Mg(s) → MgCl₂(aq) + H₂(g)
How many moles of HCI are present in 250. mL of 1.0 M HCl?
There are 0.25 moles of HCl present in 250 mL of 1.0 M HCl.
We have to calculate the number of moles of HCl present in some mL of 1.0M HCl. A mole is defined as the amount of substance in a system that contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kg of carbon 12. We represent mole by the symbol 'mol'. Now, we will see how to calculate the number of moles.
We can calculate the number of moles of a substance using the following expression;
Molarity = no of moles of an element/volume
According to this question, we were given 250. mL of 1.0 M HCl. The number of moles will be calculated by the formula as follows;
no of moles of HCl = 0.250L × 1.0M
no of moles of HCl = 0.250 moles.
Therefore, 0.25 moles are present in 250 mL of 1.0 M HCl.
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Write the complete equation for neutralization reactions for LiOh + HNO2
The complete equation for the neutralization reactions for the LiOH + HNO₂ is as :
LiOH + HNO₂ ----> LiNO₂ + H₂O
The Neutralization reaction is the reaction as in the chemical reaction in which the acid will reacts with the base and to produce the salt and the water molecule. The general equation of the chemical reaction is as :
HX + BOH --> BX + H₂O
The reaction with the LiOH and the HNO₂ is :
LiOH + HNO₂ ----> LiNO₂ + H₂O
There is the combination of the H⁺ ions and OH⁻ ions that will form the water.
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What will happen when pressure on a reactant mixture at equilibrium and with fewer moles on the reactant side is increased
when pressure of the reactant mixture at the equilibrium and with the fewer moles in reactant side will be increased and the equilibrium will be shift to the side in the reaction where the fewer moles of the gas.
According to the Le Chartelier, when the reaction is in the equilibrium phase and the one of the constraints which will affect the rate of the reactions, and the equilibrium will be shift to the cancel out this effect that the constraint had.
Therefore, If the pressure of the system or the reaction is in the equilibrium is change, the equilibrium of the reaction will be change that is depending on the side of the reaction with the highest number of the molecules.
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A gas sample originally occupies 436 mL at 24 C. When the volume is expanded to 612 mL and the temperature is increased to 97 C, the pressure becomes 526 mm Hg. What was the original pressure?
Initially, there was a 266.8 mm Hg pressure.
solve this problem, we can use the combined gas law, which relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas sample. The formula is:
(P1 × V1) ÷ (T1) = (P2 × V2) ÷ (T2)
where P1 and P2 are the initial and final pressures, V1 and V2 are the initial and final volumes, and T1 and T2 are the initial and final temperatures.
We are given that:
- V1 = 436 mL
- V2 = 612 mL
- T1 = 24 C + 273.15 = 297.15 K (convert from Celsius to Kelvin)
- T2 = 97 C + 273.15 = 370.15 K
- P2 = 526 mm Hg
We want to find P1, the original pressure.
Plugging in the values, we get:
(P1 × 436 mL) ÷ (297.15 K) = (526 mm Hg × 612 mL) ÷ (370.15 K)
Solving for P1, we get:
P1 = (526 mm Hg × 612 mL × 297.15 K) ÷ (436 mL × 370.15 K) = 266.8 mm Hg
Therefore, the original pressure was 266.8 mm Hg.
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help!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Answer:
two
Explanation:
the answer is two
option b
The nuclear reaction entails the breakdown of an element and the subsequent release of radioactive particles. This process can occur naturally or be produced purposefully. As a result, the reaction equation is balanced. The radon element is transmuted into polonium and an alpha particle in the provided question. Since an alpha particle was emitted, the equation is balanced.
The alpha decay of radon is shown by;
222/86Rn ----> 218/84Po + 4/2He
What is the alpha decay of radon?Radon undergoes alpha decay by emitting an alpha particle, which consists of two protons and two neutrons.
Let us note that when there is an alpha decay, the parent nucleus would loose a helium nucleus and the daughter nucleus would less than than the parent in mass by four units and less than the parent in charge by 2 units and this would satisfy the mass and charge balance of the equation. The decay equation is; 222/86Rn ----> 218/84Po + 4/2He
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Missing parts;
Use the equation to complete the activity.
219 86Rn → 215 84Po + a
The nuclear equation shows the transmutation of a form of radon into polonium and an alpha particle. In one to two sentences, explain whether or not the reaction is balanced.
Using the avg H2O2 molarity (0.7959 M H2O2) and volume of H2O2 (49.8 ml H2O2), calculate the moles of H2O2 that were composed by the catalyst (10 mL of potassium iodine)
The number of mole of H₂O₂ that were composed by the catalyst (10 mL of potassium iodine) is 0.0396 mole
How do i determine the number of mole of H₂O₂?From the question given above, the following data were obtained
Molarity of H₂O₂ solution = 0.7959 MVolume of H₂O₂ solution = 49.8 mL = 49.8 / 1000 = 0.0498 LNumber of mole of H₂O₂ solution =?Molarity and number of mole of as substance are related according to the following equation
Molarity = number of mole / Volume
Inputting the given parameters, the number of mole H₂O₂ solution can be obtain as shown below:
0.7959 = number of mole of H₂O₂ solution / 0.0498
Cross multiply
Number of mole of H₂O₂ solution = 0.7959 × 0.0498
Number of mole of H₂O₂ solution = 0.0396 mole
Thus, the number of moles of H₂O₂ solution composed is 0.0396 mole
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what is the pH of a solution prepared.by dissolving 4.0 g of HCL in water to make 475mL of a solution
To find the pH of the solution, we need to first calculate the concentration of H+ ions in the solution using the following equation:
[H+] = (moles of HCl) / (volume of solution in liters)
First, let's convert the mass of HCl to moles:
moles of HCl = mass / molar mass = 4.0 g / 36.46 g/mol = 0.1096 moles
Next, let's convert the volume to liters:
475 mL = 0.475 L
Now we can calculate the concentration of H+ ions:
[H+] = 0.1096 moles / 0.475 L = 0.2306 M
Finally, we can calculate the pH using the equation:
pH = -log[H+]
pH = -log(0.2306) = 0.637
Therefore, the pH of the solution is approximately 0.637.
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Quantifying chemical reactions
Quantifying chemical reactions is essential in understanding the stoichiometry of a reaction, predicting product formation, and optimizing product yield in industrial applications. Stoichiometric coefficients and limiting reactants are two important tools used in this process.
Quantifying chemical reactions involves measuring the amount of reactants and products involved in a chemical reaction. This is important in determining the stoichiometry of the reaction, which refers to the relative amounts of reactants and products involved. Stoichiometry is a crucial concept in chemistry because it allows scientists to predict the amount of product that will be formed from a given amount of reactant, or vice versa.
One way to quantify chemical reactions is through the use of stoichiometric coefficients. These coefficients represent the number of moles of each reactant and product involved in the reaction. For example, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrogen gas and oxygen gas to form water is:
[tex]2H2 + O2 → 2H2O[/tex]
This equation tells us that two moles of hydrogen gas react with one mole of oxygen gas to form two moles of water. The stoichiometric coefficients can be used to determine the mass of each reactant and product involved in the reaction, using the molar masses of each substance.
Another way to quantify chemical reactions is through the use of limiting reactants. A limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely consumed in a reaction, limiting the amount of product that can be formed. The amount of product formed will be determined by the amount of limiting reactant present. This concept is important in industrial chemistry, where maximizing product yield is often the goal.
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arrange the following electrons, represented by their quantum numbers, in increasing order of energy (lowest written first)
(1,0,0,-1/2); (3,1,1,1/2); (2,1,0,-1/2); (2,1,0,-1/2); (3,2,0,-1/2)
The electrons can be arranged in increasing order of energy as follows: (1,0,0,-1/2) < (2,1,0,-1/2) < (2,1,0,-1/2) < (3,1,1,1/2) < (3,2,0,-1/2).
The energy of an electron is determined by its principal quantum number (n), azimuthal quantum number (l), magnetic quantum number (m), and spin quantum number (s). The electrons can be arranged in increasing order of energy by comparing their quantum numbers.
Starting with the lowest energy electron, we have the electron with quantum numbers (1,0,0,-1/2). This electron has the lowest principal quantum number, indicating that it occupies the lowest energy level.
It also has an azimuthal quantum number of zero, which corresponds to the s subshell, and a negative spin quantum number, indicating that its spin is aligned opposite to the magnetic field.
Next, we have the two electrons with quantum numbers (2,1,0,-1/2). These electrons have the same principal quantum number, indicating that they occupy the same energy level.
They both have an azimuthal quantum number of one, which corresponds to the p subshell, and a negative spin quantum number.
Following these electrons, we have the electron with quantum numbers (3,1,1,1/2). This electron has a higher principal quantum number than the previous electrons, indicating that it occupies a higher energy level.
It has an azimuthal quantum number of one, which corresponds to the p subshell, and a positive spin quantum number.
Finally, we have the electron with quantum numbers (3,2,0,-1/2). This electron has the highest azimuthal quantum number of all the electrons, indicating that it occupies the d subshell. It also has a negative spin quantum number.
Therefore, the electrons can be arranged in increasing order of energy as follows: (1,0,0,-1/2) < (2,1,0,-1/2) < (2,1,0,-1/2) < (3,1,1,1/2) < (3,2,0,-1/2).
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