Answer:
is the reduces of an Insurance
Explanation:
there have been several complaint about the increase in the number of teenage hawkers in the street. write a letter to the editor of national newspaper discussing the problem suggesting solution
Adama Garment which is operating in Adama currently has opened four new stores in Ethiopia. Data on monthly sales volume and labor hours are given below for each town. Which store location has the highest labor productivity? Continued 4. Take a case of one company or the company in which you are working, and then: Identify the outputs and inputs of the company Estimate yearly outputs and inputs identified either in value or volume Calculate single, multiple, and total factor productivity
Output divided by input is productivity. Calculate each store's labor productivity: The highest is 200 birr per work hour in Bale-Robe. We should anticipate a speculative company that creates technology.
The company's feedback data points may include labor hours, raw materials, and energy expenditures, and its outcomes may be calculated based on the number of products produced or the revenue generated from sales.
We would need to gather data on the organization's activities, such as the number of hours spent, the cost of unpolished components, and the absolute deal revenue, in order to evaluate annual sources of information and results.
The organization's single-factor efficiency (SFP) can then be calculated by dividing the outcome by a single piece of information, such as work hours or raw components.
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Assume country A has the following data: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Factor income received abroad Factor income paid abroad Compute: i. Net factor income from abroad. ii. Gross National Product (GNP). iii. Under what circumstance will GNP be greater than GDP SEPT 2021 ¢ billion 68 2.7 1.5 CSUC 8
iii. GNP will be greater than GDP when the net factor income from abroad is positive.
How to solvei. To calculate the net factor income from abroad, we need to subtract the factor income paid abroad from the factor income received abroad.
Net factor income from abroad = Factor income received abroad - Factor income paid abroad
Net factor income from abroad = 2.7 - 1.5
Net factor income from abroad = 1.2 billion
ii. Gross National Product (GNP) is the sum of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and net factor income from abroad.
GNP = GDP + Net factor income from abroad
GNP = 68 + 1.2
GNP = 69.2 billion
iii. GNP will be greater than GDP when the net factor income from abroad is positive.
This way that the country is earning more profit from its expenditures abroad than it is paying to offshore investors the one have investments inside the country. In such a sketch, the income earned experience will increase the GNP of the country.
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Ian is interested in purchasing bonds, but he is looking for bonds that aren’t related to the government. Which type of bonds would you suggest he purchase?
You Answered
treasury bonds
municipal bonds
Correct Answer
corporate bonds
general obligation bonds
CORRECT: corporate bonds
Corporate bonds are the best solution to the problem. This means that these bonds are being sold by a large corporation.
What exactly is a corporate bond?A corporate bond is a bond that a company issues to raise funds for a variety of purposes such as current operations, M&A, or business expansion. Longer-term debt instruments with a maturity of at least one year are typically referred to by the term. Commercial paper refers to corporate debt securities with maturities of less than one year. The term "corporate bond" is not defined precisely. The term is sometimes used to refer to all bonds other than those that governments issue in their own currencies.
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On separate axes, draw typical production isoquants for each of the following production functions. a) f(x, y) = 2xy+1. b) f(x, y) = x + y. c) f(x, y) = x + min{x, y}
The typical production isoquants for each of the following production functions. a) f(x, y) = 2xy+1. b) f(x, y) = x + y. c) f(x, y) = x + min{x, y} are given below in the image
What is a Production Isoquant?A production isoquant portrays the combinations of labor and capital that produce a specific output level.
Essentially, it records the amounts of two inputs required to create identical outputs. This term, "isoquant," is derived from ancient Greek words; namely, "iso" meaning equal and "quant" referring to quantity, forming the phrase "equal amount."
An isoquant display characteristically depicts as a smooth curve. Moreover, the rate at which one input can substitute another while holding constant the same level of output is represented by an isoquant's slope or its marginal rate of technical substitution value.
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4). Compare and contrast the typologies of followership defined by Chaleff and Kellerman
Chaleff's typology, which can be seen in the "The Courageous Follower, which fous on the types of followers while Kellerman's typology, focus on how Followers can bring about change with respoect to their leaders.
What is Kellerman typology of followership?Barbara Kellerman, can be een as one that focus on the typology of followership which can be seen as one that focus on the level of engagement.
She focus on the good followers as actively supporting effective as wwell as good leaders and responding appropriately to bad leaders however Chaleff's typology, which can be seen in the "The Courageous Follower, which fous on the types of followers ..
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define complements. define substitutions. explain the diffierence and how they work
A replacement good is one that fulfils the same function for customers as another item. When two goods are eaten together, the complementary item gives value to the other.
What is the difference between substitutes and complements?
Tea and coffee are two examples of substitute items that are independent of one another and may each be used to fulfil a specific need. Contrarily, complementary items that go together to meet a certain need, like bread and butter, are depending on one another.
A product or service that consumers may quickly swap out for another is referred to as a replacement. In economics, substitute items are frequently used when the demand for one product rises as the price of the alternative product rises.
Cross price elasticity is used to establish if products are complements or substitutes; if it is positive, the products are replacements, and if it is negative, the products are complements.
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How is a cryptocurrency payment different from other digital transactions?
A. It uses biometric technology.
B. It requires voice recognition.
C. It does not have real-world value.
OD. It does not require a bank.
In contrast to other digital deals, Cryptocurrency is a digital payment that don't bear a bank. It's choice D.
Digital forms of money are motorized financial norms that application cryptography to get and check exchanges in an association. also, cryptography is used to manage and control the product of these currencies.
Cryptocurrencies include Ethereum and Bitcoin, among others. Cryptocurrencies may or may not be regulated, depending on the governance. Cryptocurrencies use a decentralized system to record deals and issue new units rather than having a centralized issuing or regulating authority.
Cryptocurrencies serve as both a currency and a virtual account system because they're translated. A cryptocurrency portmanteau is demanded to use cryptocurrencies.
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Steps to Making Ethical Decisions Project. I also need help on this (40 points)
Ms Kona owns a 9 percent interest in Carlton LLC
If Ms. Kona owns a 9% interest in Carlton LLC, it means that she has a 9% ownership stake in the company.
What soes stake ownership meanMs. Kona is evidently an owner of 9% of Carlton LLC, granting her a privilege to a nine percent share in the association's gains and interest when it comes to taking part in management resolutions.
In essence, the specifics of her investment rights are reliant upon the particular conditions of the existing Limited Liability Company operation contract, which supervises the alliance between the business' proprietors and executives.
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Here's the question:
You want to accumulate $1 million by your retirement date, which is 25 years from now. you will make 25 deposits in your bank, with the first occurring today. The bank pays 8% interest, compounded annually. You expect to receive annual raises at 3%, which will offset inflation, and you will let the amount you deposit each year also grow by 3% (i.e, your second deposit will be 3% greater than your first, the third will be 3% greater than the second, etc.) How much must your first deposit be if you are to meet your goal.
Both answers that I received are incorrect compared to the book. I'm trying to solve. this using excel functions. The first part is finding the PV using N = 25, I = 3%, FV=-$1,0
It's getting the payment from the PV that is the challenge.
$231,557.13 is the first deposit if you are to meet your goal. The total PMT value is $17,289.38 if the interest rate is at 3% every year.
Time period = 25 years
Future value = $1 million
Bank interest = 8%
To calculate the amount for the first month's deposit, the Present value is calculated as:
PV = [tex]FV / (1 + r)^n[/tex]
PV = [tex]1000000 / (1 + 0.08)^{25}[/tex]
PV = $231,557.13
To calculate the Future value of annual deposits at 3% per year
FV = [tex]PMT * [(1 + g)^n - 1] / g[/tex]
$1,000,000 = [tex]PMT * [(1 + 0.03)^{25} - 1] / 0.03[/tex]
PMT = $17,289.38
To make $1 million in 25 years, you must make 25 deposits of increasing amounts.
To calculate the amount using the PMT function in Excel:
Future value =PMT(0.08, 25, -231557.13, 0, 1.03)
Future value = $17,289.38
Therefore we can conclude that in both calculations, we got a payment amount of $17,289.38.
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If the firm’s average cost curves are U-shaped, why does its average variable cost curve
achieve its minimum at a lower level of output than the average total cost curve?
The average fixed cost bend continues to fall as more results are produced, and average total cost equals approaches normal variable expense. Option B is correct.
The typical absolute expense is how much average variable expense and ordinary fixed cost. The typical fixed cost consistently diminishes all through creation with the decent contribution to the present moment. The typical variable expense initially decreases as the ascent progresses.
From that point forward, it diminishes to a base and afterward increments as creation increments further. When the average variable cost begins to rise after reaching its minimum point, the average fixed cost continues to decrease. Since the AVC, or a portion of the ATC, has begun to rise, the ATC continues to fall in tandem with the fall in the AFC, albeit at a slower rate.
The decrease in ATC continues at a certain output level. AVC rises faster than AFC falls after that point. The ATC begins to rise as a result.
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Complete question as follows:
If the firm's average cost curves are U-shaped, why does its average variable cost curve achieve its minimum at a lower level of output than the average total cost curve?
A. average total cost equals average variable cost plus average fixed cost, and the average fixed cost of production reaches its minimum at a higher level of output than the average variable cost curve.
B. average total cost equals average variable cost plus average fixed cost, and the average fixed cost curve continues to fall as more output is produced.
C. average total cost equals average fixed cost plus marginal cost, and the marginal cost curve continues to fall as more output is produced
D. average variable cost equals average total cost plus average fixed cost, and the average fixed cost of production is constant.
E. average total cost equals average variable cost plus average fixed cost, and the decrease in average fixed costs with output is always larger than eventual increases in average variable costs with output.
The small town of Honnavara. the Arabian Sea and on the banks of the River Sharavathi?
Honnavara is a small town in the uttara kannada district which is located in the southwestern part of the indian state of karnataka the town is situated on the coast of the arabian sea
The Arabian seaThis is a body of water that lies between the arabian peninsula and the indian subcontinent the arabian sea is part of the indian ocean and is bordered by several countries
including india pakistan oman yemen and somalia the town of honnavara is also located on the banks of the river sharavathi which is a major river in the region
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Which of the following statements about consumer sovereignty is true?
Consumers’ needs and wants dictate what goods and services producers provide.
Influence of consumers over government rules regulate the marketplace.
Conditions where buyers and sellers are willingly engaging in market transactions.
Consumers dictate the prices of goods and services.
The statement that is true of consumer sovereignty is A. Consumers’ needs and wants dictate what goods and services producers provide.
What dictates the products made ?Consumer sovereignty is the notion that the consumers are the predominant forces of the market economy and choose what products and services producers should provide in order to earn a profit.
In this way, if consumers cease buying something then the enterprises must conform their offers to fulfill the modified demand. This concept remains at the hub of economies based on the market and advances innovation and competition among firms.
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Many years ago, Minnow Bait and Tackle issued preferred stock. The stock pays an annual dividend equal to $6.80. If the required rate of return on similar-risk investments is 8 percent, what should be the market value of Minnow s preferred stock?
The market value of Minnow Bait and Tackle's preferred stock should be $85.00.
How to solve for the market valueTo determine the market value of Minnow Bait and Tackle's preferred stock, we need to use the dividend discount model, which calculates the present value of future dividend payments.
The formula for the present value of a perpetuity is:
PV = D / r
where PV is the present value, D is the annual dividend payment, and r is the required rate of return.
In this case, the annual dividend payment is $6.80, and the required rate of return is 8%. Using the formula, we get:
PV = $6.80 / 0.08 = $85.00
Therefore, the market value of Minnow Bait and Tackle's preferred stock should be $85.00. This represents the present value of all future dividend payments, discounted at the required rate of return.
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Production data for Joe's Pizza Parlor are as follows. For simplicity assume that labor is the only input. Each pizza sells for $5. Number of Workers Pizzas Baked Per Day 0 0 1 10 2 19 3 27 4 34 5 40 How many workers will Joe hire if he must pay each one $18 a day?
The number of workers that Joe will hire if he is supposed to pay every worker $35 per day would be: 2 workers
How to Find the number of workersGiven that,
No. of workers Pizzas baked every day
0 0
1 12
2 18
3 24
4 30
5 32
Price of pizza
given that the wage of one worker each day = $ 35
If we calculate,
Total revenue for different no. of workers = 0 60 90 120 150 160
Marginal revenue for varied no. of workers = 0 60 30 30 30 10
Marginal cost of labor = 0 35 70 105 140 175
Profit 0 25 20 15 10 -15
In order to get pay each labor $35 a day, Joe must hire 2 workers.
Thus, 2 workers are the correct answer.
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How does your personal core competencies help you create value for the business where you work, or your life? What can you do to expand or improve your core competencies?
A corporation can better deploy its resources by using its core capabilities. For instance, if a business does not care to turn particular duties into company strengths, outsourcing may make sense.
A company's competitive edge in the market is derived from its core capabilities, which set it apart from its rivals. Instead of physical or monetary assets, a company's set of abilities or knowledge in a particular field is typically referred to as its core competency.
Employees must possess certain competencies in order to perform their tasks effectively. A competent worker is more effective and improves the working environment.
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Evaluate which elements of the extended marketing mix are most important in meeting the specific requirements of the key customer segment.
The specific elements of the extended marketing mix that are most important in meeting the requirements of a key customer segment include:
Product Price Promotion Why are these elements important ?The product or service being offered must meet the specific needs and preferences of the target customers. This includes factors such as quality, design, features, and packaging.
The price of the product or service must be competitive and appropriate for the target customers. This may involve pricing strategies such as discounts, promotions, or bundling.
The marketing communication strategy must be tailored to the specific needs and preferences of the target customers. This may involve factors such as advertising, sales promotions, and public relations.
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Icarus Airlines is proposing to go public, and you have been given the task of estimating the value of its equity. Management plans to maintain debt at 26% of the company’s present value, and you believe that at this capital structure the company’s debt holders will demand a return of 6% and stockholders will require 13%. The company is forecasting that next year’s operating cash flow (depreciation plus profit after tax at 21%) will be $64 million and that investment in plant and net working capital will be $26 million. Thereafter, operating cash flows and investment expenditures are forecast to grow in perpetuity by 4% a year. a. What is the total value of Icarus? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer in millions rounded to the nearest whole dollar amount.)
The total value is $554.7
The company's equity is $410.5
What is a Company's Equity?Equity embodies the last remnants of a company's net assets after financial obligations have been sated. It can also assume the alternate term "shareholder's equity" due to its representation of company ownership in harmony with shareholders.
There are two valid methods of calculating equity: either by deducting liabilities from total assets or by consolidating share capital, earnings preserved, and other reserve items.
Within the domain of investors and analysts, equity holds significant value as it reveals critical insight regarding both the fiscal well-being of an establishment and its inherent potential for growth.
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What document is a loan from a bank to a purchaser?
Answer: Mortgage
Explanation:
Took the quiz
Should you give personal identifying information to your employer?
A.
No, that information is private.
B.
Yes, they will need it to withhold taxes.
C.
No, that information should not be shared with anyone.
D.
Yes, the employer will share it with your next employer.
Answer: B.
Yes, they will need it to withhold taxes.
Explanation:
B. Yes, you should provide personal identifying information to your employer as they will need it to fulfill their legal obligations, such as withholding taxes from your paycheck. However, it is important to make sure that you only provide the necessary information and that your employer is taking appropriate measures to protect your personal data. It is also important to understand your rights and privacy protections under applicable laws and regulations.
None of these
QUESTION 12:
An abstract of title is
An abstract of title is a summary or condensed history of all the legal documents and records that relate to the ownership of a particular piece of real estate.
What is An abstract of titleIt is typically prepared by a title company or an abstractor, who conducts a thorough search of public records to identify any liens, encumbrances, or defects that could affect the property's ownership or marketability.
The abstract of title usually includes a summary of the property's ownership history, including all transfers and conveyances of the property, as well as any mortgages
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journalize the following transaction in the books of Nyaupane Trade Concern. h 1 Nyaupane invested Rs. 200,000 cash in Nyaupane Trade Concern. 5 Office furniture purchased for Rs. 30,000 cash. 18 Nyaupane trade concern purchased goods for Rs. 35,000. 20 Nyaupane trade concern purchased goods on credit for Rs. 24,000. 28 Rent paid Rs. 10,000. 30 Salary paid to staff Rs. 25,000. 30 Goods sold to a customer costing Rs. 12,000 for Rs. 15,000 & received Rs. 5000 cash & rest on accounts receivable. 30 Nyaupane withdrew Rs. 1,000 cash from Nyaupane trade concern. red: Journal entries.
Journalizing transactions entails keeping track of all your company dealings and tracking them in reverse chronological order. The date, the account you're debiting or crediting, and a brief explanation of the transaction are often included in this record.
What are some illustrations of owner capital?The capital contribution of the owner is equal to the total of the contributed funds and assets. When determining the owner's equity, consideration is given to both the amount of the capital contribution and the amount the owner would get upon the sale or liquidation of the company.
Every investment made by a business owner is referred to as capital. They may, for instance, transfer money directly into the company's bank accounts, use the funds to purchase equipment, or donate their own equipment.
Accounting jargon describes any money taken out of the corporate account for personal use as a drawing. This might be something significant like a paycheck or something simple like lunch that is paid for with your employer's credit card.
Debit (Rs.) Credit (Rs.)
Cash a/c Dr. 200,000
To capital a/c 200,000
(For the owner's capital contribution)
Furniture a/c Dr. 30,000
To cash a/c 30,000
(For cash-only office furniture purchases)
Purchased a/c Dr. 35,000
To cash a/c 35,000
(for items bought with cash)
Purchased a/c Dr. 24,000
To accounts payable a/c 24,000
(for products that were financed)
Rent a/c Dr. 10,000
To cash a/c 10,000
(Paying rent)
Salary a/c Dr. 25,000
To cash a/c 25,000
(for staff members' salaries)
Cash a/c Dr. 5,000
Accounts receivable a/c Dr. 10,000
To sales a/c 15,000
(Receiving Rs. 5,000 in cash and the remaining Rs. 15,000 on accounts receivable for items sold to a client for Rs. 12,000)
Drawings a/c Dr. 1,000
To cash a/c 1,000
( Owner withdrew cash for personal purposes.)
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Adama Garment which is operating in Adama currently has opened four new stores in Ethiopia. Data on monthly sales volume and labor hours are given below for each town. Which store location has the highest labor productivity?3 Adama Garment which is operating in Adama currently has opened four new stores in Ethiopia. Data on monthly sales volume and labor hours are given below for each town. Which store location has the highest labor productivity?
Continued
4. Take a case of one company or the company in which you are working, and then:
Identify the outputs and inputs of the company
Estimate yearly outputs and inputs identified either in value or volume
Calculate single, multiple, and total factor productivity
Output divided by input is productivity. Calculate each store's labor productivity: The highest is 200 birr per work hour in Bale-Robe. Efficiency is typically measured as a percentage of how well a company uses its resources (contributions) to produce labor and goods (yields).
While results might be estimated in terms of deals income, units provided, or other variables, data sources can include labor, materials, energy, and various assets. We would need to gather data on the organization's activities.
Such as the number of hours spent, the cost of unpolished components, and the absolute deal revenue, in order to evaluate annual sources of information and results. The organization's single-factor efficiency (SFP) can then be calculated by dividing the outcome by a single piece of information.
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Throughout your life, your financial needs will
A. stay the same
B. be totally predictable
C. change
D. decrease
[tex]ANSWER[/tex]
Throughout your life, your financial needs will
change
~hope it helps :)
~ have an amazing day ahead ~
Whitley Construction Company is in the home remodeling business. Whitley has three teams of highly skilled employees, each of whom has multiple skills involving carpentry, painting, and other home remodeling activities. Each team is led by an experienced employee who coordinates the work done on each job. As the needs of different jobs change, some team members may be shifted to other teams for short periods of time. Whitley uses a job costing system to determine job costs and to serve as a basis for bidding and pricing the jobs. Direct materials and direct labor are easily traced to each job using Whitley’s cost tracking software. Overhead consists of the purchase and maintenance of construction equipment, some supervisory labor, the cost of bidding for new customers, and administrative costs. Whitley uses an annual overhead rate based on direct labor hours.
Whitley has recently completed work for three clients: Harrison, Barnes, and Tyler. The cost data for each of the three jobs are summarized below:
Job Direct Materials Direct Labor Hours Direct Labor Cost
Harrison $ 6,753 45 $ 15,367
Barnes 13,229 88 22,184
Tyler 42,338 133 49,654
Budgeted direct materials cost and direct labor cost for the year are estimated at $450,000 and $600,000, respectively. Direct labor hours are budgeted at 22,500 hours, and total overhead is budgeted at $495,000.
Required:
1. Calculate the total cost of each of the three jobs.
2. Suppose that for the entire year, Whitley used 23,800 labor hours and total actual overhead was $525,000. What is the amount of underapplied or overapplied overhead?
The total cost of the three jobs for Whitley Construction Company has been calculated as follows: Harrison - $7,995, Barnes - $16,985, and Tyler - $56,803. In addition, based on actual overhead of $525,000 and actual direct labor hours of 23,800, the amount of overapplied overhead for the year is $1,400.
The total cost of each job is calculated as follows:
Harrison: Direct Materials + Direct Labor Cost + (Direct Labor Hours x Overhead Rate)
= $6,753 + $15,367 + (45 x Overhead Rate)
Barnes: Direct Materials + Direct Labor Cost + (Direct Labor Hours x Overhead Rate)
= $13,229 + $22,184 + (88 x Overhead Rate)
Tyler: Direct Materials + Direct Labor Cost + (Direct Labor Hours x Overhead Rate)
= $42,338 + $49,654 + (133 x Overhead Rate)
Using the annual overhead rate based on direct labor hours, we can calculate the overhead rate as follows:
Annual overhead rate = Total overhead / Total budgeted direct labor hours
= $495,000 / 22,500 hours
= $22 per direct labor hour
Therefore, the total cost of each job is:
Harrison: $6,753 + $15,367 + (45 x $22) = $7,995
Barnes: $13,229 + $22,184 + (88 x $22) = $16,985
Tyler: $42,338 + $49,654 + (133 x $22) = $56,803
The amount of underapplied or overapplied overhead can be calculated using the following formula:
Actual Overhead - Applied Overhead
To calculate the applied overhead, we use the annual overhead rate based on direct labor hours to multiply the actual direct labor hours used for the year:
Applied Overhead = Annual Overhead Rate x Actual Direct Labor Hours
= $22 x 23,800 hours
= $523,600
Therefore, the amount of underapplied or overapplied overhead is:
Actual Overhead - Applied Overhead
= $525,000 - $523,600
= $1,400 overapplied overhead.
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NEED ASAP!
Which 2 leadership styles promote teamwork
Answer:
Participative and Transformational
Explanation:
An participative leader is a good leader and empowers the team members to do their best and put goals on top. So, this type of leader promotes teamwork.
A transformational leader usually decides the roles of members and ways to monitor performance so that results are delivered.
Which of the following is a step that you could take to ensure that your thank you letter is error-free?
Answer:
multiple ways
Explanation:
Read out loud to yourself. Get another person to read it. Spill check. Grammer proof read check. Email it to a tutor.
Projected free cash flows should be discounted at the firm's weighted average cost of capital to find the firm’s total corporate value.
The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is significant in determining a firm's total corporate value through the discounted cash flow (DCF) method because it represents the required rate of return that investors expect to earn from investing in the firm.
The WACC is a key factor in the DCF method, which is a widely used valuation technique for estimating the value of a business. The DCF method calculates the present value of a company's future cash flows by discounting them back to their present value using the WACC as the discount rate.
The WACC represents the cost of capital for the firm and is calculated by weighting the cost of equity and the cost of debt based on the firm's capital structure. By using the WACC as the discount rate in the DCF method, it helps to account for the risk associated with the firm's financing structure and provides a more accurate estimate of the firm's total corporate value.
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--The complete question is, What is the significance of calculating the weighted average cost of capital in determining a firm's total corporate value through the discounted cash flow method?--
The purpose of this category of interview questions is to learn about the interviewee’s personal attributes.
a.
General information questions
b.
Behavioral questions
c.
Character questions
d.
Stress questions
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
A
B
C <---------------- correct
D
correct is C
Answer:
C. Character questions is the answer.
Explanation:
Question 4 (30 Marks) Epsilon Limited a company that sell contemporary home accessories was incorporated on 1 April 2017 with an authorized share capital consisting of the following: 000 000 ordinary shares at N$20 each (600 000 ordinary shares issued). ● ● 200 000 8% Redeemable preference shares at N$15 each (200 000 shares issued). These shares were classified as liability. Other balances as at 31 May 2021: ● Share premium account N$450 000 ● Retained earnings N$1 875 500 After getting approval from the shareholders at the annual general meeting the board decided to redeem all the 8% redeemable preference shares as soon as it was feasible to do so. The redemption of the 8% redeemable preference would be partly funded by issuing 100 000 new ordinary shares as well utilization of retained earnings. 01 November 2021: 15 November 2021: 30 November 2021: 31 March 2022: Issued 150 000 ordinary shares at N$20.75 and all shares were subscribed. The full share issue was underwritten by Fox Brokers Ltd at a commission of 2.5%. Shares were allotted to the applicants and the transaction with the underwriter were concluded. Redemption of 8% redeemable preference shares at a premium of 20 cents. Accrued dividend for the current year was paid to the applicable shareholders. It was decided to write off premium on redemption and underwriters commission against retained earnings. Profit after tax for the period amounted to N$650 525. The board had agreed to transfer N$50 000 to an asset's replacement reserve. Land and buildings were revalued upwardly by N$555 000. YOU ARE REQUIRED TO: 1) Journalize the transactions pertaining to the period 01 November 2021 to 31 March 2022. (20 Marks) 2) Prepare the retained earnings ledger account as at 31 March 2022. This account should be properly balanced off. (10 Marks).
Answer:
1) Journal Entries:
Date | Particulars | Debit (N$) | Credit (N$)
--- | --- | --- | ---
01-Nov-21 | Bank A/c Dr. | 3,112,500 |
| Share Capital A/c Dr. | 3,000,000 |
| Share Premium A/c Dr. | 412,500 |
| To Allotment A/c (150,000 x N$20.75) | | 3,112,500
| (Issuance of 150,000 ordinary shares at N$20.75 per share, fully subscribed and underwritten by Fox Brokers Ltd at a commission of 2.5%) |
15-Nov-21 | Preference Shares Redemption A/c Dr. | 3,000,000 |
| Premium on Redemption A/c Dr. | 40,000 |
| To Bank A/c (200,000 x N$15.20) | 3,040,000 |
| (Redemption of 200,000 redeemable preference shares at N$15 per share at a premium of 20 cents) |
30-Nov-21 | Dividend Payable A/c Dr. | 16,000 |
| To Preference Dividend A/c | | 16,000
| (Accrued preference dividend for the current year paid to applicable shareholders) |
31-Mar-22 | Asset Replacement Reserve A/c Dr. | 50,000 |
| Retained Earnings A/c Dr. | 627,500 |
| To Profit and Loss A/c | | 650,525
| To Land and Building Revaluation Reserve A/c | | 555,000
| To Premium on Redemption A/c | | 40,000
| To Underwriting Commission A/c | | 10,025
| (Transfer of N$50,000 to asset replacement reserve, write-off of N$645,025 against retained earnings for land and building revaluation reserve, premium on redemption, and underwriting commission, and recognition of profit after tax of N$650,525)
2) Retained Earnings Ledger Account:
| Date | Particulars | Debit (N$) | Credit (N$) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 31 May 2021 | Balance b/d | 1,875,500 | |
| 31 Mar 2022 | Asset Replacement Reserve A/c | 50,000 | |
| 31 Mar 2022 | Profit and Loss A/c | 650,525 | |
| 31 Mar 2022 | Land and Building Revaluation Reserve A/c | 555,000 | |
| 31 Mar 2022 | Premium on Redemption A/c | 40,000 | |
| 31 Mar 2022 | Underwriting Commission A/c | 10,025 | |
| 31 Mar 2022 | Balance c/d | | 2,781,950 |
| | | 3,181,050 | 3,181,050 |
