Answer: Decomposition
Explanation:
Decomposition reactions involve a substance breaking down into simpler substances.
A thermodynamically-controlled process describes a reaction that ________.
A thermodynamically-controlled process describes a reaction that the most stable or more stable of two products is formed.
What is a thermodynamically-controlled process?A thermodynamically-controlled process is a reaction in which the ratio of the product formed is determined by the relative stability of the products.
Thermodynamic control ensures that the most stable or more stable of two products is formed.
Therefore, a thermodynamically-controlled process describes a reaction that the most stable or more stable of two products is formed.
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Considering the temperature vs. time graph below, how does the temperature at the beginning of a change of state
compare with the temperature at the end of the change?
Temperature vs. Time
140
120
100
80
60
Time (min) →
4
The temperature is always lower.
The temperature is always the same.
The temperature is usually lower.
The temperature is usually higher.
Temperature (°C)
The temperature is always the same.
How Temperature manifests in objects ?Assume we have something in solid phase. As we increase the temperature, the particles on the solid increase their kinetic energy, thus, the particles move more.
This causes that the volume of the object increases (for example when we heat up a metal and it dilates) and this keeps happening until we reach a critical point, when we are near a change of phase.
At this point the energy given is not used to increase the temperature of the object, but is used to "break" bonds in such a way that the particles are more free than before.
When all these bonds are "broken" the change of phase is completed, and in the case of the solid, we go from solid phase to liquid phase.
So, the temperature is always the same at the beginning of a change of state compare with the temperature at the end of the change
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Which type of chemical bonding involves a transfer of electrons?
Answer:
ionic bond
Explanation:
Answer:
Ionic bonding
Explanation:
Salt Na+Cl- is an example
the company calculated that they would produce 4.8 tonnes of magnesium but only 3.2 tonnes was produced calculate the percentage yield
Identify 3 chemicals that produce a potentially dangerous reaction with hydrochloric acid.
What volume did a helium-filled balloon have at 18.1 °C and 2.61 atm if its new volume was 59.9 mL at 1.92 atm and 12.5°C?
a. 44.9
b. 63.8
c.43.2
d. 83.0
Answer:
a. V=44.9mL
Explanation:
For a gas undergoing all of these changes, it will be important to combine Boyle's Law and Charles' Law to form the following equation (if it isn't already known):
[tex]\dfrac{P_1V_1}{T_1}=\dfrac{P_2V_2}{T_2}[/tex]
Where the Temperatures must be measured in Kelvin.
Recall that to convert Celsius to Kelvin, one must add 273 or use the equation [tex]T_C+273=T_K[/tex].
Thus, [tex]T_1=(18.1+273)[K]=291.1[K][/tex] and [tex]T_2=(12.5+273)[K]=285.5[K][/tex]
To solve for the requested quantity, note that all of the other units match between beginning and end, so we substitute and solve:
[tex]\dfrac{P_1V_1}{T_1}=\dfrac{P_2V_2}{T_2}[/tex]
[tex]\dfrac{(2.61[atm])V_1}{(291.1[K])}=\dfrac{(1.92[atm])(59.9[mL])}{(285.5[K])}[/tex]
[tex]\dfrac{(2.61[atm] \!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!{-----})\bold{V_1}}{291.1[K] \!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!{-----}}*\dfrac{291.1[K] \!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!{-----}}{2.61[atm]\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!{-----}}=\dfrac{(1.92[atm]\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!{--})(59.9[mL])}{285.5[K\!\!\!\!\!{-}]}*\dfrac{291.1[K\!\!\!\!\!{-}]}{2.61[atm]\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!{--}}[/tex]
[tex]V_1=44.928677576[mL][/tex]
Accounting for significant digits, [tex]V_1=44.9[mL][/tex]
Which atomic models(Bohr, Thomson, Rutherford, Dalton) in task 1 are not supported by Thomson’s experimental evidence? For each of these models, explain the experimental results that the model would predict.
Rutherford model task 1 is not supported by Thomson’s experimental evidence.
What is an atom?
The atom consists of matter that may be split without releasing electrical charges.
It's also the smallest unit of matter with chemical element features. As a result, the atom is the fundamental unit of science.
The nuclear model of the atom was initially put out by Rutherford. His atomic model states that the majority of an atom's volume is empty,
The nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, is located in the middle of the atom, and its electrons orbit the nucleus in well-defined paths.
If we discuss the research of some other scientists, like Dalton, Neil Bohr, and JJ Thomson, they are all mostly consistent with Rutherford's findings.
For instance, Dalton's atomic theory presupposed that all atoms are roughly the same size and that atoms interact to generate compounds.
According to Rutherford's theory, atoms have a fixed number of electrons that can be shared to create compounds.
The Bohr model, which posits that electrons orbit the nucleus in certain shells, is also consistent with Rutherford's findings, which gave rise to the idea of shells.
If we discuss Thomson's Plum Pudding Model, it describes atoms as negatively charged particles around a soup of positively charged ions. This is also consistent with Rutherford's findings, which show that positive nuclei are surrounded by negative electrons.
Although Rutherford's model was the greatest atomic model, it nevertheless drew on several earlier investigations and was therefore consistent with the outcomes of earlier models.
Hence rutherford model task 1 is not supported by Thomson’s experimental evidence.
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What mass of ammonium nitrate
is needed to dissolve in 995 g of
water to make a 1.50 m solution?
Answer:
=> 119.4597 g
Explanation:
From our question, we have been provided with the molarity of the resultant solution.
We know that, molarity of a solution is contained in 1 L or 1000 cm³ of solution.
Hence we have 1.50 moles in 1000 cm³.
Also, we know that, 1 cm³ equivalent to 1 g for water.
Thus, from our question we have 995 cm³ of water.
Lets now solve our problem;
1.5 moles are contained in 1000 cm³
x moles are contained in 995 cm³
Cross multiply
[tex]x \: moles \: = \frac{(995 {cm}^{3} \times 1.5 \: moles )}{(1000 {cm}^{3} )} \\ = \frac{1492.5 \: moles}{1000} \\ = 1.4925 \: moles[/tex]
1.4925 moles of NH4NO3 are required to be dissolved in water.
To find the mass of solute (NH4NO3) we use the formula;
Mass = RFM (Relative Formula Mass) x Number of moles
[tex] = 80.04 \: \frac{g}{mol} \times1.4925 \: mol \\ = 119.4597 \: g [/tex]
Therefore the mass of NH4NO3 needed to be dissolved in 995 g of water is 119.4597 g
Answer:
119.4597
Explanation:
Acellus
Question 6 of 10
What happens in a single-replacement reaction?
O A. Two reactants combine to form one product.
OB. One reactant replaces an element in another reactant.
OC. Two reactants exchange elements with each other.
D. One reactant breaks apart to form new compounds.
SUBMIT
Answer:D
Explanation:
A single-replacement reaction occurs when one element replace another in a single compound.
B. One reactant replaces an element in another reactant.
Explanation:Chemical reactions occur when reactants bond or break apart to form new substances known as the products.
Types of Reactions
There are a few main types of reactions:
SynthesisDecompositionSingle ReplacementDouble ReplacementAll of these are different ways chemical reactions can occur.
Synthesis
Synthesis occurs when two different reactants form one product. This would be a match for answer choice A.
An example includes: [tex]C+O_{2}[/tex] → [tex]CO_{2}[/tex]Decomposition
Decomposition occurs when one reactant breaks down, usually through heat, to form 2 different products, which matches answer choice D.
One example is: NaCl → Na + ClSingle Replacement
Single replacement occurs when there are 2 reactants, a substance and an element, and the singular elements replaces one of the elements in the substance to form new products. Since this matches answer choice B, this is the correct answer.
For example, K + NaCl → KCl + NaDouble Replacement
Finally, double replacement is when there are 2 reactants and each switches an element with the other. This is seen in answer choice C.
One example includes: [tex]3KNO_{3} +AlCl_{3}[/tex] → [tex]Al(NO_{3})_{3} +3KCl[/tex]For this example remember that [tex]NO_{3}[/tex] is a polyatomic ion and acts as a singular element.
Consider the reaction below.
2Al2O3 --> 4Al + 3O2
How many moles of oxygen are produced when 26.5 mol of aluminum oxide are decomposed?
(a) 17.7 mol
(b) 19.9 mol
(c) 39.8 mol
(d) 53.0 mol
Answer:
(b) 19.9 moles
Explanation:
To convert from moles Al to moles O₂, you need to multiply the given value by the mole-to-mole ratio of each component. This ratio is constructed via the coefficients in the balanced reaction. The desired unit (moles O₂) should be placed in the numerator to allow for the cancellation of units.
2 Al₂O₃ ----> 4 Al + 3 O₂
^ ^
26.5 moles Al 3 moles O₂
--------------------- x ---------------------- = 19.9 moles O₂
4 moles Al
heating up a reaction increases the speed of a reaction until the ____
Heating up a reaction increases the speed of a reaction until the enzyme denatures.
What is enzyme denaturation?Enzyme denaturation occurs when a biological protein catalyst does not work anymore due to a high temperature that alters its tridimensional conformation.
This cellular process (denaturation) is well known to be one of the main causes of enzymatic failure.
In conclusion, heating up a reaction increases the speed of a reaction until the enzyme denatures.
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Did you write these compounds?
KBr
2 NH₂OH
2HNO3
The missing components of the neutralisation reaction include the following:
KBr KBr 2NH4OHKBr 2NH4OH2HNO2What is neutralisation reaction?Neutralisation reaction is defined as the type of reaction that leads to the formation of salt and water when an acid and a base reacts.
From the reactions given the missing components are replaced as follows:
HBr + KOH --> KBr + H2OH2SO4 + 2NH4OH --> (NH4)2SO4 + 2H2O2HNO3 + Mg(OH)2 --> Mg(NO3)2 + 2H2OLearn more about acids here:
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A is a solution containing 3.5g of HX per dm-³. B is a solution containing 0.050moldm-³ of an hydrous sodium trioxocarbonate (IV) of solution 25cm³ portions of solution B required an average of 26.10cm³ of Solution A for complete neutralization. From this results, calculate
1. The Molar Concentration Of A
2. The Relative Molar Mass Of A
Equation For The Reaction 2HX + Na2CO3 ---> 2NaX + H2O + CO2
Brainliest!!
The Molar Concentration Of A =0.099 .
The Relative Molar Mass Of A = 35.0129 gm
Given,
Mass of HX = 3.5 g
Moles of solution B ([tex]Na_{2} CO_{3}[/tex]) = 0.05 moles
Volume of HX = 26.10 mL
Volume of Solution B = 25 mL
Molecular weight of solution B = 2(atomic weight of Na )+ atomic weight of C + 3(atomic weight of O)
= 2(23) + 12 + 3(16)
=106 gm
Equivalent weight of [tex]Na_{2} CO_{3}[/tex] = molecular weight / 2 = 106 /2 =53 g
Mole = mass / molecular weight
∴0.05 = mass / 106
∴ mass = 5.3 gm [tex]Na_{2} CO_{3}[/tex]
Normality = mass ÷ (equivalent weight × volume of the solution in liter)
= 5.3 ÷( 53 × 0.025)
=4 N
So, by using formula ,
[tex]N_{1} V_{1} =N_{2} V_{2}[/tex]
[tex]N_{1}[/tex] = normality of solution B = 4 N
[tex]V_{1}[/tex] = volume of solution B = 25 mL
[tex]N_{2}[/tex] = normality of solution A = ? N
[tex]V_{2}[/tex] =Volume of solution A = 26.1 mL
∴ 4×25 = [tex]N_{2}[/tex] × 26.1
∴[tex]N_{2}[/tex] = 3.83 N
∴ normality of solution A = 3.83 N
from Formula of the normality we can find the equivalent weight of the A
Normality = mass of HX ÷ (equivalent weight × volume of the solution in liter)
3.83 = 3.5 ÷( equivalent weight × 0.0261)
∴equivalent weight = 35.0129 g
In case of HX the electron transfer is 1 ,so equivalent weight = molecular weight ; which is also termed as relative molar mass in given case.
∴The Relative Molar Mass Of A = 35.0129 g
Molar concentration = mass / molar mass
= 3.5 / 35.0129
= 0.099 mole
∴ The Molar Concentration of A is 0.099 .
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A car's tires are inflated to 2.11 atm at 25c. after driving to the grocery store, the tires are at 2.25 atm. what is the temperature of the air in the tire after the drive?
Answer:
T₂ = 26.7 °C
Explanation:
Because you are dealing with pressure and temperature, you can use Gay-Lussac's Law to find the final answer. The equation looks like this:
P₁ / T₁ = P₂ / T₂
In this form, "P₁" and "T₁" represent the initial pressure and temperature. "P₂" and "T₂" represent the final pressure and temperature. You have been given the values for all of the variables but "T₂". Therefore, by plugging these values into the equation, you can simplify to find "T₂".
P₁ = 2.11 atm T₁ = 25 °C
P₂ = 2.25 atm T₂ = ?
P₁ / T₁ = P₂ / T₂ <--- Gay-Lussac's Law equation
(2.11 atm) / (25 °C) = (2.25 atm) / T₂ <--- Plug variables into equation
0.0844 = (2.25 atm) / T₂ <--- Divide 2.11 by 25
(0.0844) x T₂ = 2.25 atm <--- Multiply both sides by T₂
T₂ = 26.7 <--- Divide both sides by 0.0844
What is the mass of a 7.426-mole sample of sodium hydroxide (NaOH molar mass = 40.0 g/mol)?
Select one:
5.360 g
40.00 g
179.1g
297.0 g
[tex](40.0)(7.426)=\boxed{297.0 \text{ g (to 4 sf)}}[/tex]
if i poured green solution into another test tube and added some copper pieces to the solution will a displacment action occur
Depends on what kind of ions are present in the green solution
Explanation:
Cr3+, a famous green ion can obviously be displayed by a Cu2+ ion
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A solute that has been dissolved in a solvent ________.
Answer:
a solution: for example when sugar is dissolved in water it becomes a sugar solution
Pls tell me how to solve this!
Answer:
12 seconds
Explanation:
Time taken by 50cm³ of oxygen to diffuse from pinhole
= 1 minute = 60 seconds
⠀
⠀
[tex] \textsf{ Rate of oxygen} \sf (O_2) = \frac{50}{60} [/tex]
⠀
⠀
⠀
Let time taken by 50cm³ of hydrogen to diffuse from pinhole = t seconds
⠀
⠀
[tex] \textsf {Rate of hydrogen } \sf(H_2) = \frac{50}{t} [/tex]
⠀
⠀
⠀
According to the formula
[tex] \sf \frac{Rate \: of \: hydrogen(H_2)}{Rate \: of \: oxygen(O_2) } = \sqrt{ \frac{Molar \: mass \: of \: O_2}{Molar \: mass \: of \: H_2} } [/tex]
⠀
⠀
[tex] \large \sf \frac{50}{t} \div \frac{50}{60} = \sqrt{ \frac{\cancel{32}\small 16}{\cancel2} } \\ \\ \sf \large \frac{ \cancel{50}}{t} \times \frac{60}{ \cancel{50}} = \sqrt{16} \\ \\ \sf \large \frac{60}{t} = 4 \\ \\ \sf \large \frac{ \cancel{60} \: \small12}{ \cancel4} = t \\ \\ \large \underline{ \boxed{ \tt t = 12 \: seconds}}[/tex]
⠀
⠀
⠀
Henceforth, the time taken by 50cm³ of hydrogen to diffuse is 12 seconds.⠀
⠀
Thank you!A container with oxygen, xenon and helium has a total pressure of 1436.4kPa. If the pressure of the helium is 348.1kPa and the pressure of the oxygen is 516.8kPa, what is the pressure (kPa) of the xenon?
The partial pressure of xenon is 571.5 KPa if the total pressure is 1436.4kPa.
What is partial pressure?The pressure exerted by a (specified) component in a mixture of gases.
According to Dalton's law of partial pressure, the net pressure of a gaseous mixture is always equal to the sum of the partial pressures of individual gases.
Now we are given that the total pressure is 1436.4kPa
The partial pressure of helium is 348.1kPa
The partial pressure of oxygen is 516.8kPa
Partial Pressure of xenon?
Using dalton's law;
1436.4kPa = 348.1kPa + 516.8kPa + partial pressure of xenon
The partial pressure of xenon is 571.5 KPa.
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Consider these two electron configurations for neutral atoms L and M.
L-1s²2s²2p^6 3s²
M-1s²2s²2p^6 3s¹3p¹
What is the atomic number of L?
Calculate electrons
1s²2s²2p⁶3s²[Ne]3s²Total electrons=10+2=12
The element is Magnesium with symbol Mg as atomic no is 12
Additional:-
M:-
1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹3p¹Excited state of magnesium
What is the volume of 0.24 mol oxygen (02) gas at 345 k and a pressure of 0.75
9.06 L is the volume of 0.24 mol oxygen (02) gas at 345 k and a pressure of 0.75.
What is an ideal gas equation?The ideal gas law (PV = nRT) relates to the macroscopic properties of ideal gases. An ideal gas is a gas in which the particles (a) do not attract or repel one another and (b) take up no space (have no volume).
We know that the ideal gas equation relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and moles of gases as:
PV =nRT
This is a combined gas law based on other gas law like Boyle's law, Charle's law, Avagadro's law, Gay Lussac's law
P = pressure = 0.75 atm
V = volume = ?
n = moles = 0.24 mol
R = 0.0821 L atm / molK [gas constant]
T = temperature = 345 K
Putting the values
Volume =[tex]\frac{nRT}{ P}[/tex]
Volume = 0.24 X 0.0821 X 345 / 0.75
= 9.06 L
Hence, 9.06 L is the volume of 0.24 mol oxygen (02) gas at 345 k and a pressure of 0.75.
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If you added the same amount of sugar to the same amount of water and boiled it, what would the boiling point be?
Answer:
Adding sugar to water will raise the boiling point and decrease the freezing point of water.
Explanation:
Hope this helps!
If same amount of sugar added to the same amount of water and boiled it then boiling point increases.
When sugar added to water it become solution.
Example: If water boils at 100°C then solution with 80% sugar in 20% of water boils at 112°C.
Why boiling point of solution of sugar and water is higher then boiling point of water?Since, sugar is non-volatile solute. So, when we boil the solution of sugar in water then water boils easily in low temperature but more high temperature is required to boil sugar.
What is non-volatile solute?The solute which has higher vapor pressure as compare to solution in which it dissolve is called non-volatile solute.
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7.0 mol Mn reacts with 5.0 mol
O2 according to the equation below:
2Mn + O₂ → 2MnO
How many moles of MnO form from
5.0 mol Mn?
? ] mol MnO
Round your answer to the tenths place.
Answer:
5.0 mol
Explanation:
From the coefficients of the equation, we know that for every 2 moles of Mn consumed, 2 moles of MnO are produced.
Thus, the number of moles of Mn consumed is equal to the number of moles of MnO produced, and thus the answer is 5.0 mol.
The moles of MnO formed with the reaction of 5 moles of Mn is 3 moles.
What is a limiting reagent?In a chemical reaction, the reagent that is present in a lesser quantity and governs the rate of the reaction is termed as the limiting reagent.
In the reaction of the formation of MnO, according to the stoichiometric law 2 moles of Mn reacts with 1 moles of Oxygen.
Thus, the moles of oxygen consumed by 7 moles of Mn is:
2 moles Mn = 1 mole O₂
7 moles Mn = 3.5 moles O₂
The available moles of O₂ = 5 mol.
The remaining moles of O₂ = 5-3.5 moles
The remaining moles of O₂ = 1.5 moles
The reaction of 5 moles Mn requires 2.5 moles of O₂, whereas the available moles of oxygen is 1.5 moles. Thus, oxygen serves as the limiting reagent.
The moles of MnO formed with the reaction of 5 moles Mn and 1.5 moles O₂
1 mole O₂ = 2 moles MnO
1.5 moles O₂ = 2 * 1.5 moles MnO
1.5 moles O₂ = 3 moles MnO
Thus, the moles of MnO formed with the reaction of 5 moles of Mn with the available oxygen is 3 moles.
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A year has 365 day and a day has 24 hours. if an hour has 60 minutes and a minute has 60 seconds how many seconds are in a year
Answer:
31536000
Explanation:
There are 31536000 seconds in a day.
60s x 60min x 24hrs x 365 days = 31536000sec
Enter your answer in the provided box. Crystalline silicon has a cubic structure. The unit cell edge length is 543 pm. The density of the solid is 2.33 g/cm3. Calculate the number of Si atoms in one unit cell. atoms/cell
Based on the calculations, the number of Si atoms in one unit cell is equal to 8 atoms/unit cell.
How to calculate the volume?Mathematically, the volume of a unit cell can be calculated by using this formula:
V = a³
V = (543)³ × (1 × 10⁻¹²)³ × (100)³
Volume, V = 1.60 × 10⁻²² cm³.
Next, we would determine the mass:
Mass = density × volume
Mass = 2.33 × 1.60 × 10⁻²²
Mass = 3.73 × 10⁻²² grams.
Also, we would determine the mass of one silicon atom:
Mass = 28.09/(6.022 × 10²³)
Mass = 4.665 × 10⁻²³ g/atom.
Now, we can calculate the number of Si atoms in one unit cell:
Number = 3.73 × 10⁻²²/4.665 × 10⁻²³
Number = 8 atoms/unit cell.
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What measurements should you use for large amounts of energy transfer
The melting points of electrovalent compounds are higher than the melting points of covalent compounds. Why?
Explanation:
There is an electrostatic force holding the electrovalent bonds together and they're usually structured, whereas in covalent, they are usually free and are only held together by a very weak intermolecular force
According to Le Châtelier's principle, an increase in temperature will shift the equilibrium position toward the products in an endothermic reaction.
True
False
The statement "According to Le Châtelier's principle, an increase in temperature will shift the equilibrium position toward the products in an endothermic reaction" is definitely true.
What is Le Châtelier's principle?Le Châtelier's principle may be defined as transformations in the temperature, pressure, volume, or concentration of a system that will lead to observable and conflicting changes in the strategy in order to accomplish a refreshed equilibrium state.
According to Le Châtelier's principle, an increase in temperature generates the equilibrium to move in the direction of the product of the endothermic reaction, and the decrease in the temperature rationales the equilibrium to move in the direction of the product of the exothermic reaction.
Therefore, it is well described above.
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Calculate the molecular mass of Al2(SO4)3(Molecular mass of Al=27, S=32, O=16) Pls fast
Al₂(SO₄)₃
= 2.Al+3.S+12.O
= 2.27 + 3.32+12.16
= 54+96+192
=342 g/mol
What is the pH of a solution with a
POH of 8.35?
Answer: The pH of the solution is 5.65
Explanation:
The relationship between the pH and the pOH is that [tex]pH+pOH=14[/tex].
Given this, we can plug in the pOH and subtract that from 14.
[tex]14-pOH=pH\\14-8.35=5.65[/tex]
I hope this helped! Pls give brainliest!! :)
Answer:
Give the man above me brainliest
