Myelin is a substance that forms around the axons of neurons, resulting in faster communication. It is composed of lipids, proteins, and glycoproteins, and is found in both the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Myelin acts as an insulator, allowing electrical signals to rapidly travel along the axon of a neuron. It also increases the speed of the signals by increasing the conduction velocity, meaning that signals travel faster along myelinated axons.
Myelin also helps to ensure the accuracy of the signals by decreasing the amount of interference from outside sources. Without myelin, communication between neurons would be much slower and less reliable. Myelin is vital for normal neurological functioning, and it can be damaged in a variety of diseases, including multiple sclerosis.
Myelin’s importance cannot be understated, as it is essential for the communication between neurons, and therefore the functioning of the nervous system.
know more about Myelin here
https://brainly.com/question/28044185#
#SPJ11
Which organ is both
secondary consumer in primary?
In the context of a food chain, a secondary consumer is an organism that feeds on primary consumers. Primary consumers are herbivores that feed on producers (plants). Secondary consumers are typically carnivores or omnivores. However, this classification does not apply to human organs, as organs are part of an individual organism and do not consume other organisms.
A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another. Let's look at the parts of a typical food chain, starting from the bottom—the producers—and moving upward.
At the base of the food chain lie the primary producers. The primary producers are autotrophs and are most often photosynthetic organisms such as plants, algae, or cyanobacteria.
The organisms that eat the primary producers are called primary consumers. Primary consumers are usually herbivores, plant-eaters, though they may be algae eaters or bacteria eaters.
The organisms that eat the primary consumers are called secondary consumers. Secondary consumers are generally meat-eaters—carnivores.
The organisms that eat the secondary consumers are called tertiary consumers. These are carnivore-eating carnivores, like eagles or big fish.
Some food chains have additional levels, such as quaternary consumers—carnivores that eat tertiary consumers. Organisms at the very top of a food chain are called apex consumers.
To know more about food chain :
https://brainly.com/question/29767237
#SPJ11
A teacher uses a stream table to model how a river changes the surface of earth. when the teacher finishes pouring the water, which change will most likely have taken place?
When a teacher uses a stream table to model how a river changes the surface of the earth, several changes are likely to have taken place. The most likely change that will have taken place is the erosion of the sand or soil and the deposition of sediment in new areas.
First, the water flow will have created different patterns and shapes in the sand or soil, mimicking the effects of erosion caused by rivers. Second, the water will have carried sediment downstream, depositing it in new areas and changing the landscape. Third, the water may have caused flooding or created new channels as it flowed over the surface, reshaping the topography.
These changes are all important to understanding how rivers shape the earth's surface over time. By using a stream table, teachers can help students visualize and understand these concepts in a hands-on way, which can enhance their learning and appreciation of the natural world. Overall, the most likely change that will have taken place is the erosion of the sand or soil and the deposition of sediment in new areas.
To know more about stream table click here:
https://brainly.com/question/14226850
#SPJ11
Compare and contrast the mechanisms by which respiratory gases travel between the outside air and the tissues in insects and mammals.
Respiratory gas exchange in insects and mammals differs in several ways. In insects, respiratory gases travel through a network of tracheae that extend throughout the body, delivering oxygen directly to tissues and removing carbon dioxide.
The tracheae open to the outside environment through tiny pores called spiracles. In contrast, mammals have a complex respiratory system consisting of the nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
Oxygen is exchanged in the alveoli of the lungs, and carbon dioxide is removed through exhalation. In mammals, respiratory gases are transported by the circulatory system, with oxygen being carried by hemoglobin in red blood cells.
While both insects and mammals use diffusion to move gases between the respiratory surface and the circulatory system, the mechanisms by which this occurs are vastly different.
To know more about the respiratory gas refer here :
https://brainly.com/question/29381773#
#SPJ11
1. Which of the following can intersect outside a triangle?
A angle bisectors
C altitudes
B medians
D sides
T
Angle bisectors, altitudes, medians, and sides All the options are correct for intersect outside a triangle.
Intersecting lines outside a triangle can happen in several ways. Angle bisectors are lines that bisect an angle of a triangle, meaning they cut the angle in half. Altitudes are the lines perpendicular to the sides of the triangle that meet at the triangle's vertex.
Medians are lines that bisect the sides of the triangle and meet at the midpoint of the opposite side. Lastly, sides of a triangle can intersect outside the triangle when extended. This happens when the triangle is obtuse, meaning one of the angles is greater than 90°.
Since the sum of the three angles in a triangle must equal 180°, an angle greater than 90° must be present if a side is extended beyond the triangle. All of these lines can intersect outside the triangle, and can be used to create different types of shapes and figures.
All the options are correct.
Know more about Altitudes here
https://brainly.com/question/4390102#
#SPJ11
Watch the reference video and write down why Neil deGrasse Tyson says NASCAR doesn’t like the Doppler effect
In a reference video, Neil deGrasse Tyson explains why NASCAR doesn’t like the Doppler effect. He explains that the Doppler effect is an increase in sound frequency as an object moves closer to an observer.
This causes an increase in the pitch of the noise. As race cars speed by, the sound of their engines increases in pitch, which can be a distraction for drivers. Since NASCAR races are timed events, drivers need to focus on the course and their opponents and any distractions can be costly.
Additionally, the increased noise can be uncomfortable for fans watching the race. Therefore, because of the distraction and discomfort the Doppler effect can cause, NASCAR prefers to limit its effects by making sure cars don’t exceed certain speeds.
Know more about Doppler effect here
https://brainly.com/question/15318474#
#SPJ11
Tell me in 4-5 sentences: Where does the hydrogen that's in a carrot that I just ate come from, what does it help produce after I eat it, and what are the steps along the way? (need answer asap !)
The hydrogen in a carrot originates from water absorbed by the plant during its growth process. The steps involved are digestion, cellular respiration, and the production of ATP through the electron transport chain.
Through photosynthesis, the plant breaks down water molecules, utilizing the hydrogen atoms to produce glucose and other organic compounds. After you consume the carrot, your body breaks down these compounds, and the hydrogen atoms are used to generate ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the primary energy source for cellular processes.
The steps involved in this process include digestion, cellular respiration, and the production of ATP through the electron transport chain.
To know more about ATP, refer to the link below:
https://brainly.com/question/18540744#
#SPJ11
Baraka and his dark-skinned wife who had an albino father mother’s genotype:
father’s genotype:
offspring genotype %:
offspring phenotype %:
His fathers genotype is 75% genotype and 25% phenotype.
Based on the information given, we know that Baraka and his dark-skinned wife had a child with an albino father. To determine the possible genotypes and phenotypes of their offspring, we need to first consider the genotypes of the parents.
Assuming that the dark-skinned wife is homozygous for the dominant allele for skin color (let's call it "D") and the albino father is homozygous recessive for the same gene (dd), we can write out their genotypes as follows:
Mother: DD
Father: dd
When these two parents have children, each parent will randomly pass down one of their two alleles to their offspring. Using a Punnett square, we can determine the possible genotypes and phenotypes of their offspring:
| | D | D |
|---|---|---|
| d | Dd | Dd |
| d | Dd | Dd |
From this Punnett square, we can see that all of their offspring will be heterozygous for skin color (Dd), meaning they will have one dominant allele for dark skin and one recessive allele for albinism.
To determine the percentage of offspring with each genotype and phenotype, we can count the number of squares in the Punnett square that correspond to each possibility:
- Genotypes:
- DD: 0/4 or 0%
- Dd: 4/4 or 100%
- dd: 0/4 or 0%
- Phenotypes:
- Dark-skinned: 3/4 or 75%
- Albino: 1/4 or 25%
Therefore, we can say that all of Baraka and his wife's offspring will be carriers for albinism (heterozygous for the gene), and 75% of their offspring will have dark skin while 25% will be albino.
To learn more about gene, refer below:
https://brainly.com/question/8832859
#SPJ11
Identify the steps of the lytic cycle.
(label 1-5)
The pieces made in replication are assembled to complete the new virus particles.
The new viral nucleic acid and viral proteins are replicated.
The virus attaches to the host cell.
The original virus releases a protein that causes the cell wall to burst (lysis), killing the cell and releasing viruses.
The hostâs DNA is disassembled and the virus takes over the cellâs metabolic activity
The lytic cycle is a viral replication cycle that involves the infection, replication, and lysis (destruction) of the host cell. It is commonly observed in bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria). The steps of the lytic cycle, labeled 1-5, are as follows:
The virus attaches to the host cell.
The virus releases a protein that causes the cell wall to burst (lysis), killing the cell and releasing viruses.
The host's DNA is disassembled, and the virus takes over the cell's metabolic activity.
The new viral nucleic acid and viral proteins are replicated.
The pieces made in replication are assembled to complete the new virus particles.
During the lytic cycle, the virus attaches to the host cell and injects its genetic material (either DNA or RNA) into the cell. The viral genetic material then takes over the host cell's machinery to produce new viral components, such as viral nucleic acids and proteins.
These components are assembled to form new virus particles. Eventually, the host cell undergoes lysis, where it bursts open, releasing the newly formed viruses. The released viruses can then go on to infect other host cells and continue the lytic cycle.
For more details regarding the lytic cycle, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/17705456
#SPJ12
Question 7 (2 points)
phosphate)
what does the following represent?
nitrogenous
base
5- carbon
sugar
nucleotide
dna
nitrogen base
rna
5-carbon sugar is a type of sugar that contains five carbon atoms in its molecular structure.
In the context of DNA and RNA, the 5-carbon sugar is an important component of the nucleotides that make up these molecules. In DNA, the 5-carbon sugar is called deoxyribose, while in RNA it is called ribose. The nitrogenous base, on the other hand, is a type of molecule that contains nitrogen and forms the building blocks of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA.
There are four types of nitrogenous bases in DNA: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. In RNA, uracil replaces thymine. The pairing of the nitrogenous bases is a key feature of DNA and RNA structure and function.
Learn more about molecular structure.
https://brainly.com/question/503958
#SPJ4
Full Question: What is A 5 carbon sugar A nitrogenous base?
Try to come up with a single sentence that is both TRUE and uses the following words/concepts correctly : ecosystem, biodiversity, greenhouse effect, and deforestation.
Answer:
Deforestation reduces the biodiversity of ecosystems, contributes to the greenhouse effect by releasing carbon dioxide, and increases the risk of zoonotic diseases
Explanation:
In three to five sentences, compare the geological processes we observe today to those that would have taken place throughout history.
It say its for biology but its not its for sciences
Please i need this fast if anyone can help me i will me alot for me
Geological processes that we observe today, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and erosion, are similar to those that would have taken place throughout history.
However, the scale and frequency of these processes may have varied over time.
For example, some geological processes, such as plate tectonics, have been ongoing for billions of years, while others, such as large-scale volcanic eruptions, may have been more frequent during certain periods in Earth's history.
Additionally, human activity has introduced new geological processes, such as pollution and climate change, that did not exist in the same way in the past.
Overall, the basic geological processes that shape our planet have been operating throughout Earth's history, but the specific details and intensity of these processes have changed over time.
To know more about Geological processes, refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/13501973#
#SPJ11
During the cell cycle, { ANSWERS: A:DNA is replicated before mitosis begins. B: DNA is replicated directly after the completion of mitosis. C:DNA is replicated during mitosis. } {Topic: The Cell Cycle, Mitosis and Meiosis}
During the cell cycle, DNA is replicated before mitosis begins. Therefore the correct option is option A.
The sequence of activities that take place within a cell that cause it to divide and duplicate is known as the cell cycle. Interphase and the M phase are the two primary phases. (mitosis and cytokinesis).
The longest period of the cell cycle, interphase, is broken down into the subphrases G1, S, and G2.
DNA replication takes place during the S (synthesis) phase of interphase, and each chromosome is replicated to create two sister chromatids that are linked at a central region known as the centromere.
By doing this, it is made guaranteed that every new cell produced during cell division has access to the entire genetic code. Therefore the correct option is option A.
For such more question on DNA:
https://brainly.com/question/16099437
#SPJ11
When do humans store fat molecules in their bodies?
Humans store fat molecules in their bodies when they consume more calories than they expend.
This can occur when they consume high-calorie foods or drinks in excess or engage in a sedentary lifestyle. When energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, the excess calories are stored as triglycerides, which are the main constituent of body fat, in adipose tissue.
This stored energy can be utilized later by the body when there is a shortage of energy from food intake.
However, if the excess caloric intake is not balanced with adequate physical activity to expend energy, the accumulation of body fat can lead to obesity and related health problems such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and certain types of cancer.
Therefore, it is important for individuals to maintain a healthy diet and engage in regular physical activity to prevent excessive fat accumulation and maintain a healthy body weight.
To know more about calories, refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/22374134#
#SPJ11
Which of the following statements best reflects the role of the nonspecific immune system?
O It is designed as a first line of defense against pathogens.
O
It is designed to dispose of pathogens after they have been found.
O
It is designed to attack pathogens not found by the specific immune system.
O It is designed to deal only with pathogens that are not a serious threat to the body.
The non-specific immune system's role is best summed up by the statement "It is designed as a first line of defence against pathogens."
Why is the non-specific immune system necessary?It protects you from all antigens. Innate immunity includes defences that stop harmful substances from entering your body. These barriers act as the first line of protection for the immune system.
Why is the non-specific immune system necessary?It serves as a first line of defence to prevent viruses from entering the body through physical and chemical barriers. Every threat that tries to enter the body is met with the same response by the nonspecific immune system.
To know more about immune system visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/19843453
#SPJ1
A species of fox lives in the arctic where the ground is covered in white snow most of the year. these arctic foxes hunt rodents and other small mammals, while their predators include eagles, wolves, and polar bears. a mutation in its dna causes a fox to have white fur rather than brown. given this information, would you classify this mutation as a harmful, beneficial, or neutral mutation? would this make the fox more or less likely to survive? explain your answer.
i just want to know what type of mutation i'm confused i think harmful but i dont know
A mutation in its dna causes a fox to have white fur rather than brown. This mutation is beneficial to these arctic foxes.
The Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus), commonly known as the white fox, polar fox, or snow fox, is a tiny fox that is a member of the canidae family and is found throughout the Arctic tundra biome in the Northern Hemisphere. It is well recognised for its thick, insulating fur, which doubles as camouflage and is well adapted to surviving in frigid climates. Its tail is big and extremely fluffy. Most animals in the wild can not survive past their first year, however some remarkable ones can live up to 11 years.
Considering that arctic foxes reside there, where the majority of the year the ground is covered in snow. These arctic foxes pursue tiny creatures like mice and rats.
To know more about arctic foxes, click:
https://brainly.com/question/27776858
#SPJ4
Fertilizer runoff causes an increase in the dissolved nutrients of the ecosystem shown in the food web below. This causes the number of phytoplankton to double.
Fertilizer runoff is rich in nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which causes an increase in the dissolved nutrient levels in aquatic ecosystems which causes an increase in the amount of phytoplankton.
Thus, these nutrients act as a fertilizer, which results in the rapid growth of phytoplankton, and their population size gets doubled. This leads to an increase in the population of primary consumers such as zooplankton and small fish that feed on them in aquatic ecosystems.
However, if the phytoplankton population grows too large, algae and other aquatic plants also increase in aquatic ecosystems, which leads to oxygen depletion and harmful algal blooms, thereby, disrupting the entire ecosystem.
Learn more about the phytoplankton here:
https://brainly.com/question/10279696
#SPJ1
Which statement describes how matter moves through an ecosystem?
OA. When a decomposer breaks down waste matter, it forms sugars that plants use for cellular respiration.
OB. When a consumer eats another organism, matter is transferred from one trophic level to the next.
OC. When a producer performs cellular respiration, it changes inorganic matter into organic matter.
OD. When an autotroph performs photosynthesis, it changes organic matter into inorganic matter. Str
The statement that describes how matter moves through an ecosystem is When a consumer eats another organism, matter is transferred from one trophic level to the next.
What happens to the material that decomposers break down?Decomposers reduce complex organic compounds into less complicated molecules that include calcium, nitrogen, and phosphorus as well as water and carbon dioxide. These are the things that are necessary for plants to grow.
What kind of things do ecosystems move?As these species live and die, matter circulates between the air and soil, as well as among plants, animals, and bacteria. The environment provides organisms with water and gases, and they emit waste materials—whether they be gases, liquids, or solids—back into it.
To know more about organism visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/16296324
#SPJ1
tamu which type of microscope is best for observing presence/absence of trichomes? which type of microscope is best for observing presence/absence of trichomes? confocal scanning electron dissecting compound
The best type of microscope for observing the presence or absence of trichomes is the dissecting compound microscope, the correct option is D.
Trichomes are small hair-like structures on the surface of plants that can vary greatly in size, shape, and distribution. These structures are usually visible to the visible eye, but a dissecting compound microscope can provide a closer and more detailed view.
A dissecting compound microscope is designed to provide a stereoscopic view of the specimen, which is ideal for studying the 3D structure of trichomes. It allows for a larger field of view and greater depth of field compared to other types of microscopes, the correct option is D.
To learn more about microscope follow the link:
https://brainly.com/question/6686502
#SPJ4
The complete question is:
Which type of microscope is best for observing presence/absence of trichomes?
A) confocal compound
B) scanning compound
C) electron compound
D) dissecting compound
After carefully watching the video, choose THE BEST Claim in regards to why human skin color varies throughout the world.
A. Primates have light skin color under their dark hair so when humans began to evolve and lose body hair, that pigment needed to go into their skin so they could still blend in with their surroundings.
B. Darker melanin is beneficial for reproduction in areas where ultraviolet (UV) light is high, and can negatively affect reproduction in areas of low UV light.
C. Darker melanin is beneficial under intense UV light because it protects from skin cancer, absorbing the UV light. Under low UV light, producing excess melanin uses too much energy, therefore it is more beneficial (energy saving) to produce less melanin in low UV light areas.
D. Humans evolved as separate populations, around the equator and towards the poles, so skin pigment color (melanin) was naturally different in those areas
The best claim for why human skin colour varies throughout the world is C: Darker melanin is beneficial under intense UV light because it protects from skin cancer, absorbing the UV light. Under low UV light, producing excess melanin uses too much energy, therefore it is more beneficial (energy saving) to have less melanin in low UV light areas.
This answer considers both the protective function of melanin in high UV light areas and the energy efficiency aspect in low UV light areas, which can help explain the variation in human skin colour across the globe. The amount of melanin in the skin, the amount of UV exposure, genetics, the quality of melanosomes, and pigments present in the skin all play a role in racial variation. The different colours in human skin are caused by 4 chromophores: carotenoids, haemoglobin, melanin, and oxyhemoglobin.
Learn more about UV exposure here: https://brainly.com/question/2619291
#SPJ11
A young child has been diagnosed with a rare genetic mutation in a protein called myostatin, which plays a role in regulating muscle growth. the child has very high amounts of muscle and very little fat because of the mutation. having such high muscle content makes the child stronger and faster than peers, allowing the child to excel in sports. the parents must provide enough fat in the child’s diet to keep the brain healthy since the body cannot store fat.
how is the mutation experienced by this child best classified?
The child's rare genetic mutation in myostatin results in very high muscle content and very little fat in the body.
While this gives the child advantages in sports due to increased strength and speed, it also poses a risk to brain health since the body cannot store fat.
Fat is essential for the development and functioning of the brain, and therefore, the child's diet must include sufficient amounts of fat to keep the brain healthy.
The parents may need to work with a nutritionist or doctor to ensure that the child's diet includes enough healthy fats, such as omega-3 fatty acids, which can be found in foods like fish, nuts, and seeds, to support brain function and overall health.
To know more about myostatin refer here :-
https://brainly.com/question/31068240#
#SPJ11
what was the hottest temperature ever recorded on earth134°F135°F136°F137°F
Answer:
Explanation:
The hottest temperature ever reliably recorded on Earth was 134°F (56.7°C) in Furnace Creek Ranch, Death Valley, California, on July 10, 1913. This measurement was taken by a meteorologist from the United States Weather Bureau using a standard mercury thermometer placed in the shade. While there have been reports of higher temperatures recorded in other locations, they have not been officially verified by reliable sources.
PLS MARK ME BRAINLIEST
Answer:
134°
Explanation:
How is it possible for a vesicle to form from one organelle and then be crazy aand
actually become a part of another organelle? (Hint: what surrounds them).
Vesicles are small spherical membrane-enclosed organelles that allow for the transport of materials within and between cells. Vesicles form when the membrane of one organelle encloses material from another organelle and fuses with it. This process is known as endocytosis.
Once the vesicle is formed, it can then be transported to another organelle. This is done through the cytoskeleton, which is a network of proteins that surrounds the organelles and act like tracks that the vesicle can travel along. The vesicle will eventually reach its destination, where its membrane will fuse with the membrane of the organelle and release its contents, thereby becoming part of the organelle.
This process is known as exocytosis and it is how materials and organelles can be moved between cells or even be recycled within a single cell.
Know more about organelles here
https://brainly.com/question/28082004#
#SPJ11
Which of these was a result of the general acceptance that microorganisms cause desease
One result of the general acceptance that microorganisms cause disease was the development of the germ theory of disease.
The germ theory of disease states that many diseases are caused by the presence and actions of specific microorganisms within the body, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. This theory revolutionized medical science and had significant implications for public health practices.
The acceptance of the germ theory of disease led to the development of new medical treatments and preventative measures such as vaccines, antibiotics, and sanitation practices that helped to control and prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
It also led to improvements in medical education and research, as scientists and doctors worked to better understand the mechanisms behind the spread and treatment of diseases.
Overall, the acceptance of the germ theory of disease had a profound impact on the field of medicine and helped to improve the health and well-being of people around the world.
To know more about "Germ theory" refer here:
https://brainly.com/question/2985716#
#SPJ11
Blogi Activity In this activity, you will create an age pyramid for a population of crabs in a certain bay, based on an age group. Draw the age pyramid for the given population. The age of maturity of the species of crab is 0. 5-1. 5 years. Based on the structure of the pyramid, express your view on the given population. Age Group in years) Population in thousands) < 0. 5 198 0. 51. 0 508 101. 5 221 1. 52. 0 86 2. 2. 5 70 BIŲ x' X, Font Sizes I E I Characters used: 0 / 15000â
The age pyramid shows a higher population of sexually immature crabs, indicating a potential decline in the mature crab population in the future. Measures should be taken to preserve and increase the mature crab population.
An age pyramid is a graphical representation of a population's age distribution. In this case, we are creating an age pyramid for a population of crabs based on their age groups. The given data shows the population of crabs in thousands for various age groups.
According to the data, the age of maturity for the species of crab is between 0.5 to 1.5 years. So, we can assume that crabs below 0.5 years are the newly hatched ones and crabs between 0.5 to 1.5 years are the sexually immature ones.
To create the age pyramid, we need to plot the data on a graph with the y-axis representing the age groups and the x-axis representing the population in the thousands. The pyramid should have a wide base and gradually taper towards the top.
Based on the given data, the pyramid will have a broad base as the population of crabs in the age group below 0.5 years is the highest, i.e., 198 thousand. The population gradually decreases for higher age groups, with the lowest population in the age group of 2.5 years, i.e., 70 thousand.
This age pyramid indicates that the population of sexually immature crabs (0.5-1.5 years) is significantly higher than the sexually mature crabs (above 1.5 years). This may be a cause for concern as the population of mature crabs may decline in the future, affecting the breeding and survival of the species. Therefore, measures may need to be taken to preserve and increase the population of mature crabs.
To learn more about the age pyramid
https://brainly.com/question/31557700
#SPJ4
What's the difference between evolution and adaptation?
Answer:
Evolution and adaptation are related concepts, but they refer to different processes. Here are some key differences between the two:
Evolution:
Evolution refers to the gradual change in the genetic makeup of a population over time.It is driven by mechanisms such as natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow.Evolution can result in the development of new species, as well as the extinction of existing ones.Evolution occurs over long periods of time, typically over many generations.Adaptation:
Adaptation refers to the process by which an organism becomes better suited to its environment through natural selection.It involves the development of specific traits that help an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.Adaptation can occur relatively quickly, as individuals with beneficial traits are more likely to survive and pass on their genes to the next generation.Adaptation can occur in response to changes in the environment, such as the availability of food or the presence of predators.Adaptation is a specific example of evolutionary change, as it involves the development of new traits through natural selection.In summary, evolution refers to the overall process of genetic change in a population over time, while adaptation is a specific outcome of that process, in which organisms develop specific traits that help them survive and reproduce in their environment.
Definition. Adaptation refers to a form or structure modified to fit a changed environment. Evolution refers to a change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. These definitions provide the basic difference between adaptation and evolution.
7. True or false:
a) The pericardium is the membrane surrounding the lungs.
b) The tidal volume describes the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled into the
lungs. ___
c) Tidal volume can be measured with a peak flow meter. ____
d) Inspiration takes up energy but expiration (during normal at rest breathing) is a passive ____
process not normally requiring energy. ____
e) The diaphragm is made of smooth muscle. ___
f) The epiglottis closes off the larynx during swallowing. ___
g) The rate of breathing is controlled by the pituitary gland. ___
h) When an animal exercises the rate of breathing increases because the carbon dioxide
in the blood increases. ___
i) Carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood makes the blood alkaline. ___
j) Carbon dioxide in the blood is mainly carried in the blood plasma. __
k) Oxygen moves from the alveoli into the capillaries by the process of osmosis. ___
1) Expired air contains about 16% oxygen. ___
Using the energy values for foods (see the table), determine each of the following (round off the answers in kilocalories or kilojoules to the tens place):
Food Type kcal/g kJ/g
Carbohydrate 4 17
Fat 9 38
Protein 4 17
Part A: The total kilojoules for one cup of orange juice that contains 28 g of carbohydrate, no fat, and 2 g of protein. Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
Part B: The grams of carbohydrate in one apple if the apple has no fat and no protein and provides 71 kcal of energy. Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
Part C: The kilocalories in one tablespoon of vegetable oil, which contains 19 g of fat and no carbohydrate or protein. Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
Part D: The grams of fat in one avocado that has 455 kcal, 16 g of carbohydrate, and 2 g of protein. Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units
Part A: The total kilojoules for one cup of orange juice can be calculated as follows:
Total energy = (28 g carbohydrate x 17 kJ/g) + (2 g protein x 17 kJ/g)
Total energy = 476 kJ
Rounding off to two significant figures, the answer is 480 kJ.
Part B: The grams of carbohydrate in one apple can be calculated as follows:
71 kcal = (x g carbohydrate x 4 kcal/g)
x = 17.75 g carbohydrate
Rounding off to two significant figures, the answer is 18 g.
Part C: The kilocalories in one tablespoon of vegetable oil can be calculated as follows:
Kilocalories = 19 g fat x 9 kcal/g
Kilocalories = 171 kcal
Rounding off to two significant figures, the answer is 170 kcal.
Part D: The grams of fat in one avocado can be calculated as follows:
Total energy = (16 g carbohydrate x 4 kcal/g) + (2 g protein x 4 kcal/g) + (x g fat x 9 kcal/g)
455 kcal = (64 kcal) + (8 kcal) + (9x kcal)
383 kcal = 9x kcal
x = 42.56 g fat
Rounding off to two significant figures, the answer is 43 g.
Learn more about carbohydrate here: brainly.com/question/29775112
#SPJ11
11.7 state one common characteristics that binds the digestive juice in the liver and pancreas?
The common characteristic that binds the digestive juices in the liver and pancreas is that they both contain enzymes that aid in the digestion of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. Specifically, both the liver and pancreas secrete enzymes that help break down and process food in the small intestine. The liver produces bile, which aids in the digestion and absorption of fats, while the pancreas secretes pancreatic enzymes, including lipase, amylase, and protease, which break down fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, respectively.
The liver and pancreas are two important organs in the digestive system that produce digestive juices to aid in the breakdown and processing of food. These digestive juices contain enzymes that help to break down the different components of food, including fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.
The liver produces bile, which is a greenish-yellow fluid that is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine when food enters it. Bile contains bile salts, which aid in the digestion and absorption of fats. Bile salts break down fats into smaller droplets, making it easier for pancreatic lipase to break down the fats further. This process is important because fats are difficult to digest and absorb in their larger form.
The pancreas produces digestive juices that contain enzymes such as lipase, amylase, and protease. Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol, which are then absorbed into the bloodstream. Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates into simple sugars, such as glucose, fructose, and galactose, which can be absorbed into the bloodstream. Protease is an enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides and amino acids, which can also be absorbed into the bloodstream.
The enzymes produced by the liver and pancreas work together in the small intestine to break down and process food. When food enters the small intestine, the liver releases bile, which breaks down fats into smaller droplets. The pancreas then releases its digestive juices, which contain enzymes that break down fats, carbohydrates, and proteins into their component parts. These nutrients can then be absorbed into the bloodstream and used by the body for energy or other functions.
In summary, the common characteristic that binds the digestive juice in the liver and pancreas is that they both contain enzymes that aid in the digestion of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. This is important for the efficient processing of food in the small intestine and the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream.
Learn more about digestive juices:
https://brainly.com/question/1563209
#SPJ11
Phloem is made up of living cells. Phloem takes sugars in the _____ to the roots.
O leaves
O seeds
O flowers
O stem
Phloem takes sugars in the leaves to the roots.
What is Phloem ?In vascular plants the specialized tissue known as phloem is in charge of moving sugars and amino acids produced during photosynthesis from the leaves and other photosynthetic organs to other sections of the plant.
Therefore, Sugar in the leaves is transported to the roots by phloem. In plants, the phloem is a specialized tissue that transfers nutrients from the leaves where they are produced during photosynthesis, such as sugars, amino acids and other nutrients.
Learn more about Phloem here : brainly.com/question/15936127
#SPJ1
What chemical agents would be ineffective against this organism?.
Endospores are highly resistant dormant structures produced by certain bacteria, such as Bacillus and Clostridium, in response to unfavorable environmental conditions. These structures allow the bacteria to survive harsh conditions, including exposure to chemicals and radiation that would kill vegetative cells.
Because of their unique structure and protective layers, endospores are highly resistant to chemical agents such as disinfectants and antibiotics. Even high concentrations of potent chemicals may not be able to penetrate the endospore's layers to kill the bacteria inside. Therefore, many commonly used chemical agents, such as alcohol and hydrogen peroxide, may be ineffective against endospores.
In order to kill endospores, specialized chemical agents and sterilization techniques, such as autoclaving, are required. Autoclaving uses high heat and pressure to penetrate and destroy the protective layers of the endospore, ensuring complete sterilization.
Therefore, it is important to use appropriate methods and chemicals to ensure effective sterilization and prevent the spread of harmful bacterial infections.
To know more about the Endospores refer here :
https://brainly.com/question/13237072#
#SPJ11
Complete question :
What chemical agents would be ineffective against this organism? Endospore
