The various sit-ins and protests at Columbia University were sparked by the university's plans to build a gymnasium in a nearby public park.
The protestors were primarily students, along with some faculty and community members.
The protests led to numerous arrests, and in the end, the university abandoned its plans to build the gym. It is possible that something of this size and nature could happen today, as many students and faculty are still passionate about social justice issues and are willing to take a stand. However, today's protests are more likely to be held online or through other virtual means, rather than in-person demonstrations.
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because ramona identifies with her politically conservative parents, she chose to enroll in a conservative college. after four years in this environment, ramona's politics have become even more conservative. which perspective best accounts for the mutual influences of ramona's upbringing, choice of school, and political viewpoint?
The perspective that best accounts for the mutual influences of Ramona's upbringing, choice of school, and political viewpoint is the socialization perspective.
Socialization is the process by which individuals learn and internalize the values, beliefs, and norms of their culture or society, and it occurs through various agents such as family, peers, schools, and media. Ramona's upbringing and choice of a conservative college can be seen as agents of socialization that have contributed to her political viewpoint becoming more conservative. The socialization perspective emphasizes the role of these agents in shaping individuals' attitudes and behaviors over time.
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More liquid categories of money are part of . less liquid categories are included in .
More liquid categories of money are part of M1, while less liquid categories are included in M2.
M1 represents the most liquid forms of money, such as currency in circulation, demand deposits, and other checkable deposits.
M2, on the other hand, includes all components of M1, along with less liquid assets such as savings deposits, money market mutual funds, and other time deposits. The primary difference between M1 and M2 is the liquidity of the assets included in each category.
M1 is considered the most readily available money for transactions and immediate spending. M2, while still considered money, consists of assets that may require more time or effort to convert into spendable cash.
Central banks, economists, and policymakers analyze both M1 and M2 when making decisions about monetary policy, interest rates, and economic growth. Understanding the different components of the money supply can help provide a clearer picture of the overall health of an economy and the availability of funds for spending and investment.
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The biggest problem with probabilistic reasoning is that
The biggest problem with probabilistic reasoning is its reliance on assumptions and uncertainty. It is often difficult to accurately predict outcomes or assess risks based on incomplete or uncertain information.
Probabilistic reasoning involves using probability theory to make predictions or draw conclusions about uncertain events. It is commonly used in fields such as finance, insurance, and engineering to assess risks and make informed decisions.
However, probabilistic reasoning is limited by its dependence on assumptions and uncertainty. It is often difficult to obtain accurate or complete data, which can lead to flawed predictions or inaccurate assessments of risk. Additionally, probabilities can be influenced by subjective factors, such as individual biases or incomplete information.
As a result, it is important to use probabilistic reasoning with caution and to acknowledge its limitations. It is important to consider multiple sources of information and to incorporate qualitative factors into decision-making processes.
By doing so, it is possible to mitigate the risks associated with probabilistic reasoning and to make more informed decisions.
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After a recent collapse of a structure in which many people died, an Engineer came to know about a bridge which is marginally safe. He informed his superior who asked him to stay calm and not to discuss with anyone, while waiting for the next year budget sessions to get some financial help for the repair required. What should the engineer do?
The engineer should report the marginally safe bridge to the appropriate authorities and insist on immediate action, prioritizing public safety over budget concerns.
The engineer has a professional and ethical obligation to ensure public safety. After discovering the marginally safe bridge, he should not stay silent as his superior suggests, as this could potentially put more lives at risk.
Instead, the engineer should report the issue to the appropriate authorities, such as a city council or safety board, and insist on immediate action to rectify the problem.
By doing so, he is prioritizing public safety and fulfilling his professional responsibilities. Waiting for the next year's budget sessions to address the issue could lead to more accidents, and it is crucial for the engineer to act with integrity and prioritize safety over financial concerns.
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Who was the riddler talking to at the end of batman.
At the end of the 1995 film "Batman Forever," the Riddler, played by Jim Carrey, was talking to Dr. Chase Meridian, portrayed by Nicole Kidman.
It's unclear which specific movie or TV show you are referring to, but assuming you are asking about the end of the 1995 movie "Batman Forever," the Riddler (played by Jim Carrey) was talking to Two-Face (played by Tommy Lee Jones) at the end of the movie.
In the scene, the Riddler and Two-Face are shown in a lair, with the Riddler revealing that he knows Batman's true identity as Bruce Wayne. Two-Face, initially skeptical, is convinced after the Riddler shows him the evidence. The scene ends with the two villains plotting their revenge against Batman.
In this scene, Dr. Meridian visits the Riddler in Arkham Asylum to evaluate his mental state. The Riddler, who is now delusional, believes he is Batman, while in reality, he has been defeated by the real Batman, played by Val Kilmer.
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which scenario best illustrates hindsight bias? please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. answer choices after physicians are given case information and an autopsy report, they are very likely to presume that they could have figured out the cause of death with the case information alone. physicians look back on their medical training and exaggerate the long hours spent working during medical school. two physicians are arguing about a treatment when they both decide to see if research indicates which treatment is more successful. a physician guesses they will complete complex surgery in 2 hours. in reality, it takes 3 hours.
The scenario that best illustrates hindsight bias is:
"After physicians are given case information and an autopsy report, they are very likely to presume that they could have figured out the cause of death with the case information alone."
Hindsight bias refers to the tendency to believe, after an event has occurred, that one would have predicted or expected the outcome of the event, even if there was no basis for that prediction or expectation at the time.
In this scenario, the physicians are looking back at the case information and the autopsy report and believing that they would have been able to figure out the cause of death if they had seen that information earlier, even if they had no reason to suspect that cause of death before the autopsy.
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padmaja, age 22, works in mumbai. her parents have been in the process of negotiations for padmaja to marry a young man from a similar background as padmaja. this is an example of a(n) .
This is an example of an arranged marriage and arranged marriages are common in many cultures around world, where the families of the potential partners take the lead role in finding a suitable match.
What is a marriage?Marriage is a legal and social union between two people, typically recognized by law, in which they commit to sharing their lives together. It is a culturally universal institution and has been practiced in various forms throughout history. In most modern societies, marriage involves a public declaration of commitment, a ceremony, and legal registration. Marriages can be based on love, tradition, religion, or practical considerations such as financial stability or family obligations. Marriage typically involves sharing responsibilities, such as raising children, household management, and financial support. While marriages can be fulfilling and long-lasting, they can also be challenging and may end in divorce. The meaning and significance of marriage vary between cultures and individuals, but it remains a fundamental institution in most societies.
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Why do you think rivera included the head of the cia, allen dulles, with his hand on a bundle of bananas
Rivera included the head of the CIA, Allen Dulles, with his hand on a bundle of bananas in his mural because it symbolizes the United States' involvement in the overthrow of Guatemalan President Jacobo Árbenz.
The CIA orchestrated a coup in 1954 to overthrow Árbenz, who had nationalized the banana plantations owned by the American-owned United Fruit Company.
The coup resulted in a dictatorship and a civil war that lasted over three decades.
Dulles' presence in the mural with a bundle of bananas signifies the CIA's involvement in the exploitation of Guatemala's resources, particularly bananas, and their intervention in the country's politics to protect American business interests.
Rivera's mural serves as a commentary on the exploitation and manipulation of Latin American countries by the United States for economic gain.
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Some studies have shown that children with a ""weak"" memory are more likely to engage in __________ activities. a. risky b. short-term c. adventurous d. volunteer please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Some studies have shown that children with a "weak" memory are more likely to engage in risky activities.(A)
The explanation for this connection is that individuals with weaker memories may struggle with recalling negative consequences of their past actions, leading to a reduced ability to learn from experiences. As a result, they may be more prone to taking risks due to an inability to accurately assess potential dangers.
Additionally, weak memory can impair one's ability to predict outcomes and make sound decisions, which may result in choosing risky behaviors over safer alternatives. It is important to note that this is a general observation, and individual cases may vary.(A)
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what is true about this image? illustration of a cube it is an ambiguous image that can be perceived as two distinct images. it is an ambiguous image because it includes multiple depth cues. it is an ambiguous image that uses visual constancy to change perception. it is an ambiguous image because it follows the law of proximity.
The statement that is true about necker cube is, illustration of a cube it is an ambiguous image that can be perceived as two distinct images. Option a is correct.
The Necker cube is an ambiguous image that can be perceived as two distinct images, where the front and back of the cube appear to switch positions. This effect is known as multistable perception, and it occurs because the image contains conflicting depth cues, such as the orientation of the lines on the cube. The Necker cube is not ambiguous because of visual constancy or the law of proximity. Hence option a is correct.
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--The complete question is, What is true about this image of Necker cube?
a. illustration of a cube it is an ambiguous image that can be perceived as two distinct images.
b. it is an ambiguous image because it includes multiple depth cues.
c. it is an ambiguous image that uses visual constancy to change perception.
d. it is an ambiguous image because it follows the law of proximity.--
Biggest little farm. What did they say was what farming now is like (typically)? what is the difference between large monoculture farms and a traditional farm?
The monocultures enable farmers to use machinery so as tobring about the increasing efficiency of activities whereby Traditional farming is a primitive way of farming that enable tthe use of simple tools.
What is monoculture farms and a traditional farm?Traditional farming can be described as the primitive way of farming which inlves the use of simple tools and the use of the use of labour-intensive such as the traditional knowledge, andorganic fertilizer, and old customs to operfor the farming activities.
It should be noted that the Monoculture plantations can be described as the farming that do utilize large areas of agricultural land with the plantation of single crop.
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What is the connection among sectionalism slavery and states rights.
Sectionalism, slavery, and states rights were all interconnected issues in the lead-up to the American Civil War.
Sectionalism refers to the divisions between the North and South, primarily over economic and political issues. One major point of contention was slavery, which was legal in the Southern states but prohibited in the Northern states. This led to tensions over the expansion of slavery into new territories, as the North opposed its spread while the South argued for states' rights to decide their own policies on the matter. States rights also played a role in the secession of Southern states, as they claimed the right to leave the Union and form their own government. Ultimately, these issues came to a head in the Civil War, which was fought over the South's insistence on maintaining slavery and states' rights, and the North's opposition to both.
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Pushing unacceptable id impulses back into the unconscious mind is called _____.
Pushing unacceptable id impulses back into the unconscious mind is called repression.
Pushing unacceptable id impulses back into the unconscious mind is called repression. Repression is a defense mechanism used by the ego to protect the conscious mind from unacceptable, anxiety-provoking thoughts, feelings, and memories. It involves pushing these thoughts and feelings into the unconscious mind, where they are hidden from conscious awareness.
Repression is considered to be one of the most fundamental defense mechanisms, and it is thought to be a normal part of psychological development. However, excessive use of repression can lead to problems such as emotional numbness, depression, and anxiety.
It is important to note that while repression can be an effective defense mechanism in the short term, it is not a long-term solution to dealing with psychological distress. In order to truly work through underlying issues, it is often necessary to explore and address these repressed thoughts and feelings in a safe and supportive environment. Therapy can be a helpful tool for working through repressed emotions and developing more effective coping strategies.
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What can the people of east ferris do to solve the water shortage problem? how will this solution work? why is this a good solution to the water shortage problem? (are there any reasons why this solution might not work very well?) last question is optional.
East Ferris has a water lack because of a rising populace and steady precipitation, while West Ferris has adequate water with lower populace thickness and possibly higher precipitation.
Due to its growing population and relatively constant precipitation, East Ferris faces a water shortage. The town's water resources are put under strain as a result of the rising population's demand for water.West Ferris, on the other hand, does not face a water shortage as a result of its lower population density and possible higher rainfall levels.
Because of these factors, the town can get enough water to meet its needs. Towns and urban communities genuinely should deal with their water assets really to forestall deficiencies and guarantee the accessibility of these fundamental assets for people in the future.
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Which former snl cast members father played keyboards and saxophone for the righteous brothers.
The former SNL cast member whose father played keyboards and saxophone for the Righteous Brothers is Bill Hader.
Bill Hader was a cast member on Saturday Night Live from 2005 to 2013, and he is known for his memorable characters, impressions, and sketches.
Bill's father, William Thomas Hader Sr., was a musician who played keyboards and saxophone for the Righteous Brothers in the 1960s. The Righteous Brothers were a popular American musical duo, consisting of Bobby Hatfield and Bill Medley. They had several hits in the 1960s, including "You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'" and "Unchained Melody."
William Thomas Hader Sr. played with the Righteous Brothers for several years, and his son Bill grew up listening to their music. Bill has said in interviews that his father's musical background had a big influence on him and his comedy. He would often make his family laugh with impressions of his dad playing in the band.
Bill Hader's upbringing in a musical family may have also contributed to his ability to do impressions and mimic voices, which became a hallmark of his SNL career. He has since gone on to become a successful actor and writer, starring in popular TV shows and films like Barry and Trainwreck.
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cindy and charlie feel torn between liking their comfortable routines and wanting more spontaneity in their relationship. they are experiencing tension from which relational dialectic? in your own words, explain your answer.
Cindy and charlie feel torn between liking their comfortable routines and wanting more spontaneity in their relationship They're experiencing tension from which relational dialect known as Novelty/predictability.
The predictability-novelty dialectic refers to the conflict that arises in a relationship as a result of intimate knowledge of one another and decreasing levels of passion. The dialectic known as the conventionality-uniqueness conflict arises when people try to live up to the expectations of others.
Dialectic, also known as the dialectical approach, is a discussion between two or more people who want to deduce the truth from opposing points of view on a subject. "Dialectics" refers to a method of philosophical argumentation that involves conflicting processes between opposing parties.
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You are interested in how pregnancy impacts mental health. 100 participants (50 are pregnant, 50 are not) complete the Beck Depression Inventory. What inferential statistic do you use to analyze this data?
The inferential statistic to analyze this data would be an independent samples t-test.
This test allows us to compare the mean scores of two different groups (pregnant and non-pregnant) on the same measure (Beck Depression Inventory).
By comparing the means, we can determine if there is a significant difference between the two groups, and if pregnancy does indeed have an impact on mental health as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory.
It is important to note that this test assumes normal distribution of data and homogeneity of variances between groups.
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Is this statement true or false? chaparral is shrubland found throughout south africa. question 16 options: true false
Answer:
True.
Explanation:
True, Chaparral is shrubland found throughout South Africa.
The statement that chaparral is shrubland found throughout South Africa is false because it is a type of shrubland biome that is primarily found in regions with a Mediterranean climate.
Regions with a Mediterranean climate, such as in California, the Mediterranean Basin, and parts of Australia. South Africa, on the other hand, has a diverse range of biomes, including savannas, deserts, and fynbos.
Fynbos is a type of shrubland biome that is found exclusively in South Africa, particularly in the Western Cape region. It is characterized by a variety of small, woody shrubs that are adapted to a Mediterranean-type climate, with hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters.
Fynbos is home to a rich diversity of plant and animal species, many of which are found nowhere else in the world.
South Africa's other biomes include savannas, which are dominated by grasses and scattered trees, and deserts, which are characterized by arid conditions and sparse vegetation.
These biomes are found in different regions of South Africa and support a variety of plant and animal species adapted to their specific environments.
In conclusion, the statement that chaparral is shrubland found throughout South Africa is false. While South Africa does have a shrubland biome called fynbos, it is not the same as chaparral, which is found in regions with a Mediterranean climate.
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Which research sources are examples of secondary sources? Select two options.
a copy of the Treaty of Versailles
a documentary about the American Civil War
an encyclopedia entry about the Spanish-American War
a government chart showing official census data from 1920
a televised interview with a survivor of the sinking of the Titanic
Answer:
The documentary and the encyclopedia entry
Explanation:
These two sources are secondary because they don't come from someone firsthand who was actually present at the historical event. Rather, they are secondhand accounts of the event that must use primary sources to gather information. Hope this helps!
Two examples of secondary sources in this list are an encyclopedia entry about the Spanish-American War and a televised interview with a survivor of the sinking of the Titanic Therefore the correct option is C.
Secondary sources are those that interpret or analyze primary sources and historical events after they have occurred. In this case, the encyclopedia entry offers a scholarly interpretation of the Spanish-American War, while the televised interview provides a survivor's perspective on the sinking of the Titanic. Both sources rely on primary sources (such as documents, eyewitness accounts, or artifacts) to construct their narratives.
However, they go beyond the primary sources themselves to provide additional context, analysis, or interpretation. This makes them valuable resources for researchers seeking a broader understanding of these historical events.
Hence the correct option is C.
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The american psychiatric association dsm-v does not list domination and submission as a paraphilic disorder because:.
The American psychiatric association DSM-V does not list domination and submission as a Paraphilic disorder because the behaviors are consensual and do not cause pyschological distress.
Intense sexual cravings, fantasies, or behaviors that involve things or circumstances that defy accepted sexual norms, such as non-humans, kids, adults who aren't giving their consent, or the feeling of agony or humiliation, are known as Paraphilias.
Paraphilia, according to the DSM-5, is "any intense and persistent sexual interest other than sexual interest in genital stimulation or preparatory fondling with phenotypically normal, physiologically mature, consenting human partners."
The disease-worthy entities included in The Manual, which are described as persistent and intense aberrant sexual arousal patterns accompanied by clinically substantial discomfort or impairment, are referred to by the term paraphilic disorder in DSM-5.
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UC Berkley and UCLA are moving closer together due to being located on opposite sides of the San Andreas fault. Right now they are 550 km apart. They are moving at a rate of 20 mm/year. How far will they have to travel to visit their rival college 1,000,000 years in the future?
1. 20 km
2. 350km
3. 530km
4. all of above
Answer:
Explanation:
long lang
Answer: The two colleges are moving towards each other at a rate of 20 mm/year. To find how far they will have traveled in 1,000,000 years, we can use the formula:
distance = rate x time
In this case, the rate is 20 mm/year, and the time is 1,000,000 years. However, we need to convert the rate to kilometers per year and the time to years in order to get the answer in kilometers.
20 mm/year is equivalent to 0.02 meters/year, or 0.02/1000 kilometers/year. So the rate is actually 0.00002 kilometers/year.
1,000,000 years is simply 1,000,000 years.
Using the formula, we get:
distance = rate x time
distance = 0.00002 km/year x 1,000,000 years
distance = 20 km
Therefore, the distance between UC Berkeley and UCLA will be 20 kilometers in 1,000,000 years.
So the answer is 1. 20 km.
Explanation: can i get brainliest :D
What happens to atoms of a solid as it turns into a liquid
As a solid turns into a liquid, the atoms gain kinetic energy and vibrate more rapidly, causing the bonds between the atoms to weaken and eventually break.
In a solid, the atoms are arranged in a fixed pattern and held together by strong intermolecular forces. As heat is added to the solid, the kinetic energy of the atoms increases, causing them to vibrate more rapidly.
This additional motion weakens the intermolecular forces, and eventually, the bonds between the atoms break, allowing them to move more freely. At this point, the substance has turned into a liquid.
The transition from solid to liquid is known as melting, and the temperature at which it occurs is called the melting point. The melting point is specific to each substance and depends on factors such as the strength of the intermolecular forces and the size and shape of the molecules or atoms.
The process of melting is reversible, and a substance can be solidified by removing heat to lower its temperature below the melting point.
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"The Green Growth Program was initiated by _______ to encourage the development of energy sources that do not cause pollution. "
The Green Growth Program was initiated by the United Nations to encourage the development of energy sources that do not cause pollution.
The United Nations launched the Green Growth Program to promote the sustainable use of resources, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and foster economic growth. This initiative aims to transition to cleaner energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, while minimizing environmental degradation.
The program encourages countries to adopt green technologies, invest in research and development, and implement policies supporting renewable energy. By embracing sustainable practices, nations can improve their citizens' quality of life, protect ecosystems, and combat climate change.
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MARKING BRAINLIEST PLEASE HELP
Which statement best describes the Fascist Party in Italy in the 1920s?
The party wanted to eliminate elections and place a king as the head of the government.
The party promoted nationalism while using peaceful measures to resolve differences.
The party used organized violence to eliminate people who disagreed with the party’s views.
The party promoted different groups working together to help unite the people of the country
The statement that best describes the Fascist Party in Italy in the 1920s is that the party used organized violence to eliminate people who disagreed with the party's views.
This is because the Fascist Party, led by Benito Mussolini, was known for its violent tactics and use of intimidation to gain and maintain power. They were strongly anti-communist and anti-democratic and often targeted those who opposed their ideology.
The Fascist Party believed in the supremacy of the state and the need for a strong leader to govern the country. They promoted nationalism and militarism, and sought to restore Italy to its former glory as a dominant world power. To achieve these goals, the party relied heavily on propaganda, censorship, and violence against their opponents. This included physical attacks on trade unions, political opponents, and minority groups, as well as the use of secret police and concentration camps.
In summary, while the Fascist Party did promote a sense of national unity and cooperation among different groups, their methods were ultimately characterized by violence and repression. Their authoritarian rule and disregard for democratic principles ultimately led to Italy's involvement in World War II and the downfall of Benito Mussolini regime.
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if you ask george to explain how he feels about his father, he has little to say. yet every time his father is mentioned, he becomes tense. kelly would explain this with his concept of?
Kelly's concept that would explain George's behavior in this situation is his theory of unconscious motivation. According to Kelly, our behavior is influenced not only by our conscious thoughts and feelings but also by our unconscious desires and fears.
In this case, George may have repressed or suppressed negative feelings towards his father that he is not consciously aware of or comfortable expressing. However, when his father is mentioned, it triggers a response in his unconscious mind that leads to tension and discomfort.
This behavior is a manifestation of the unresolved emotions that George has towards his father that he may not even be aware of. In summary, Kelly's theory of unconscious motivation provides a framework to understand the complexity of human behavior, especially in situations where our conscious thoughts and feelings may not fully explain our actions.
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social skill, one of the components of emotional intelligence (ei), refers to personal proficiency in managing relationships and building networks.group startstrue or false
The given statement "social skill, one of the components of emotional intelligence (ei), refers to personal proficiency in managing relationships and building networks." is true.
Social skill is indeed a component of emotional intelligence (EI), but it refers not only to personal proficiency in managing relationships and building networks, but also to the ability to communicate effectively, resolve conflicts, and work collaboratively with others. Social skill is a critical aspect of EI because it helps individuals navigate social situations and build strong, positive relationships with others.
People with high social skills are often good at influencing others, leading groups, and negotiating solutions to problems. Therefore, while social skill does involve personal proficiency in managing relationships and building networks, it encompasses much more than that.
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Which is NOT an example of checks and balances?
Your answer:
Congress overrides a presidential veto [disapproval] of a bill
The Supreme Court overturns a law passed by Congress as unconstitutional
The president vetoes a bill passed by Congress
The president declares war on another country
Answer:
the president declares war on another country
4.02 Judicial review
Pls help
I chosen Reed v Goertz case
The Court's decision in Reed v. Goertz was that gender-based distinctions were subject to "intermediate scrutiny" under the Equal Protection Clause.
The role of judicial review was to determine the constitutionality of a state law.
What happened in Reed v. Goertz ?Reed v. Goertz was a legal case adjudicated by the United States Supreme Court in 1976 regarding a child custody grabble between two parents of different sexes.
The decision, agreed upon unanimously, declared that Idaho's law singling out males as given preference violated the Equal Protection Clause and therefore was unconstitutional. Judges stipulated gender-specific distinctions were to be put under intermediate scrutiny, whereby ascertainable interests related to governmental prerogatives establish permissible differentiation.
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To what extent can it be argued that private schools challenges the functionalist views of meritocracy
Private schools can be seen as challenging the functionalist views of meritocracy to a significant extent.
Functionalists believe that meritocracy is achieved through equal opportunities and individual abilities.
However, private schools provide advantages to students who come from wealthy backgrounds, which means that merit is not solely based on individual abilities.
Students who attend private schools have access to better resources, such as smaller class sizes, better facilities, and more experienced teachers, which means that they are more likely to achieve better results.
This challenges the idea that meritocracy is based purely on ability, as it suggests that social class plays a significant role in determining success.
Therefore, private schools can be seen as perpetuating inequality and challenging the functionalist notion of meritocracy as a fair and equal system.
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Based on your answer to the previous question, what contribution to world exploration was made by this explorer?
The answer to the previous question mentioned Christopher Columbus as the explorer in question. Columbus is credited with discovering America in 1492, although it is important to note that indigenous peoples were already living there.
His voyages across the Atlantic Ocean opened up European exploration and colonization of the Americas, which had significant historical and cultural consequences.
Traveling for the purpose of discovery or education about new geographic, scientific, cultural, or other information is referred to as exploration. In order to gather information, make contact with new people and cultures, or deepen knowledge and understanding of the world, it frequently entails traveling to distant or uncharted locations. From the early exploration of the world's oceans and landmasses to space exploration and the search for extraterrestrial life, exploration has played a significant role in human history.
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