The Washington Consensus is a set of ten economic policy prescriptions presented by economist John Williamson in 1989. These five points include:
Fiscal disciplineReorientation of public spending towards education and HealthTax reformfinancial liberalizationTrade liberalizationThe economic theory underpinning these policies is based on the principles of neoclassical economics and free market capitalism. According to this theory, markets function best when they are free from government interference and operate according to the laws of supply and demand.
Some additional points that could be explained in more detail in bullet points:
Fiscal discipline refers to the need for governments to keep budget deficits and public debt levels low.Redirecting public spending towards education and healthcare is seen as a way to promote human capital development and economic growth.Tax reform aims to create a simpler and more efficient tax system that encourages investment and growth.Financial liberalization involves reducing government control over the financial sector and allowing greater competition and access to international capital markets.Trade liberalization aims to reduce barriers to trade and increase economic efficiency by promoting labor and resource specialization.Learn More About consensus structural
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when net income is high relative to operating cash flows, we describe the firm as having recorded: a. income-neutral accruals. b. abnormal accruals. c. income-increasing accruals. d. income-decreasing accruals.
The firm is described as having recorded income-increasing accruals when net income is high relative to operating cash flows, indicating that reported earnings are not supported by operating cash flows alone.
When a company reports net income that is significantly higher than its operating cash flows, it may indicate the presence of accruals, which are accounting adjustments that affect reported earnings but do not involve actual cash inflows or outflows. The difference between net income and operating cash flows is known as the accrual component of earnings.
If the accruals are income-neutral, it means that they do not affect reported net income. However, if the accruals are abnormal, meaning that they are higher or lower than what would be expected, they can impact reported net income.
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six years ago the templeton company issued 16-year bonds with a 14% annual coupon rate at their $1,000 par value. the bonds had a 9% call premium, with 5 years of call protection. today templeton called the bonds. compute the realized rate of return for an investor who purchased the bonds when they were issued and held them until they were called. round your answer to two decimal places.
The investor will receive the annual coupon payments for the first 5 years, and then the call price plus the call premium after the call date. The call price is $1,000 plus the 9% call premium, which is 0.09 x $1,000 = $90.
The total cash inflows for the investor can be calculated as follows:
Total cash inflows = (5 x $140) + $1,090
Total cash inflows = $1,850
The investor paid $1,000 to purchase the bond initially, so the total cash outflow is $1,000.
Using the following formula, we can calculate the realized rate of return:
Realized rate of return = ((Total cash inflows / Total cash outflow) ^ (1/n)) - 1
Where n is the number of years the bond was held. In this case, n is 16 years.
Plugging in the numbers, we get:
Realized rate of return = (($1,850 / $1,000) ^ (1/16)) - 1
Realized rate of return = (1.85 ^ 0.0625) - 1
Realized rate of return = 1.0447 - 1
Realized rate of return = 0.0447 or 4.47%
Therefore, the realized rate of return for the investor who purchased the bonds when they were issued and held them until they were called is 4.47%.
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All else equal, should the cost of equity be higher for a company with $100 million of market cap or a company with $100 billion of market cap?
All else equal, the cost of equity should be higher for a company with $100 million of market capitalization (market cap) than for a company with $100 billion of market cap.
The cost of equity is the minimum return that investors require for investing in a company's common stock. It reflects the perceived risk of investing in the company's equity, and is influenced by factors such as the company's financial performance, industry trends, growth prospects, and competitive position. In general, smaller companies with a market cap of $100 million or less are perceived as riskier than larger companies with a market cap of $100 billion or more. This is because smaller companies typically have less established track records, less diversified revenue streams, and fewer resources to weather economic downturns or industry disruptions. This perception of higher risk can translate into a higher cost of equity, as investors will require a higher return to compensate for the additional risk. Therefore, all else equal, a company with $100 million of market cap would likely have a higher cost of equity than a company with $100 billion of market cap. However, it's important to note that many other factors can influence a company's cost of equity, and that this measure is often highly specific to each individual company's unique circumstances.
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If ____ of the employees in the targeted group sign authorization cards, a union election can be called.two-thirdsat least 30 percent
If organization employee of the employees in the targeted group sign authorization cards, a union election can be called.two-thirdsat least 30 percent Workers or a union may request an election if authorization cards.
The organization's employees. Under the NLRA, elections may be held without a secret ballot.Currently, the National Labour Relations Board (NLRB) conducts a secret ballot election when a petition for one is submitted.
An employee, an employer, or a union may file a petition. Workers or a union may request an election if at least 30% of the workforce has signed permission cards. Under the NLRA, elections may be held without a secret ballot. A company may voluntarily recognise a union if the majority of its workers have signed authorization cards. When a union is certified or recognised, the NLRA does not require that the union and employer reach an initial contract agreement.In the event that the Parties are unable to agree without resorting to a strike or lockout, the Parties may choose to resolve their dispute through mediation or arbitration.
Complete question:
If ____ of the employees in the targeted group sign authorization cards, a union election can be called.two-thirdsat least 30 percent Workers.
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what budgeting method is based on how much it costs to perform different enterprise activities and allocates funding according to the strategic significance of the activities?
The budgeting method that is based on how much it costs to perform different enterprise activities and allocates funding according to the strategic significance of the activities is called activity-based budgeting (ABB). This approach focuses on identifying the specific activities that drive costs and revenues within an organization and then allocating resources based on their importance to achieving strategic objectives.
In ABB, a detailed analysis of each activity is conducted to determine its cost drivers and the resources required to perform it. The costs are then allocated to the relevant products, services, or projects that the activity supports. This ensures that resources are allocated to the areas that generate the most value for the organization, and it helps to eliminate waste and inefficiencies.
ABB is particularly useful in industries where there is a high degree of variability in the costs of different activities. For example, in a manufacturing environment, some products may require more resources to produce than others, and ABB can help to ensure that resources are allocated to the most profitable products.
Overall, activity-based budgeting is a strategic approach that helps organizations to align their resources with their strategic objectives. By focusing on the activities that create the most value, organizations can improve their financial performance and achieve their long-term goals.
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if mr. and mrs. walker want to buy a building and property for their upholstery business, they would apply for a choose... real estate loan.
If Mr. and Mrs. Walker want to buy a building and property for their upholstery business, they would need to apply for a commercial real estate loan. A commercial real estate loan is a mortgage loan that is used to finance the purchase of a commercial property such as an office building, warehouse, or retail space.
When applying for a commercial real estate loan, the Walkers would need to provide documentation such as their business financial statements, credit history, and business plan. The lender will also want to review the property's appraised value and potential income. The Walkers may need to put down a down payment of up to 20-30% of the purchase price, and the interest rate on the loan may be higher than that of a traditional residential mortgage.
There are different types of commercial real estate loans available such as traditional bank loans, Small Business Administration (SBA) loans, and commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS). The Walkers should consult with a financial advisor or loan officer to determine which type of loan would be best suited for their specific needs.Overall, a commercial real estate loan would provide Mr. and Mrs. Walker with the financing they need to purchase a building and property for their upholstery business, allowing them to expand their operations and potentially increase their profits.
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go sports games, a not-for-profit entity organized to provide athletic competition opportunities for high school students, utilizes a number of volunteers in carrying out its mission. at the 2023 games, 50 volunteers provided a total of 1,000 hours of service performing tasks such as picking up litter and delivering water to the athletes. a local cpa firm donates its services to prepare the annual tax return and other federal and state required paperwork which must be filed to maintain its status as a tax-exempt organization. during 2023, the cpa firm provided 50 hours of service. if purchased, the cpa services would have cost $60 per hour and the game workers would have cost $6 per hour. how much contributed service revenue should simplex games recognize in 2023?
Go Sports Games, a not-for-profit entity, greatly benefits from the efforts of its volunteers. In 2023, the organization received two types of contributed services: volunteer work and CPA services. Go Sports Games should recognize $9,000 in contributed service revenue for 2023.
The volunteer work involved 50 individuals who provided a total of 1,000 hours of service, performing tasks like picking up litter and delivering water to athletes. If these game workers had been paid, it would have cost $6 per hour.
The local CPA firm donated their services to prepare the annual tax return and other necessary paperwork for maintaining Go Sports Games' tax-exempt status. During 2023, the CPA firm contributed 50 hours of service. If purchased, these CPA services would have cost $60 per hour.
To calculate the total contributed service revenue for 2023, we need to multiply the number of hours worked by the respective hourly rates: 1. Volunteer work: 1,000 hours x $6 per hour = $6,0002. CPA services: 50 hours x $60 per hour = $3,000
Now, we add both amounts together: Total contributed service revenue: $6,000 + $3,000 = $9,000, This amount represents the value of volunteer work and donated CPA services provided to the organization during that year.
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bluebird manufacturing has received a special one-time order for 16,300 bird feeders at $4.30 per unit. bluebird currently produces and sells 75,000 units at $8.30 each. this level represents 80% of its capacity. production costs for these units are $4.80 per unit, which includes $3.55 of variable costs and $2.55 of fixed costs. if the special offer is accepted, there will be no incremental fixed cost. if bluebird accepts this additional business, the effect on income will be: multiple choice
In the given problem, solving systematically, if bluebird accepts the additional business, the effect on income will be -$23,625.
How to Solve the Problem?To determine the economic impact, it is important to first compare the cash acquired from manufacturing and selling extra units to the income earned if the company does not accept the special order.
Current earnings from 75,000 units produced and sold:
75,000 times $8.30 equals $622,500 in revenue.
75,000 x $3.55 = $266,250 Variable expenses
Fixed costs are $2.55 x 75,000 = $191,250.
Total cost: $266,250 + $191,250 = $457,500
Income = $622,500 – $457,500 = $165,000
Profits from the manufacture and sale of 75,000 units, as well as the acceptance of a one-time order of 16,300 units:
$532,990 (75,000 + 16,300) x $4.30 = $532,990
The variable costs are (75,000 + 16,300) times $3.55, which is $365,365.
Fixed expenses = $191,250
Total cost: $556,615 ($365,365 + $191,250).
Income = $532,990 - $556,615 = -$23,625
In conclusion, the effect of the economy on Bluebird is ($23,625).
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chang industries has 1,800 defective units of product that already cost $38 each to produce. a salvage company will purchase the defective units as is for $17 each. chang's production manager reports that the defects can be corrected for $30 per unit, enabling them to be sold at their regular market price of $33. the $38 per unit is a:
Based on the calculations above, neither option is profitable. Therefore, the $38 per unit cost to produce the defective units is irrelevant as neither option will result in a profit.
The cost of producing each defective unit is $38. This means that the total cost of producing 1,800 defective units is:
Total Cost = Cost per unit x Number of units produced
Total Cost = $38 x 1,800
Total Cost = $68,400
If the defective units are sold to the salvage company as is, the total revenue that Chang Industries will earn is:
Total Revenue = Sale price per unit x Number of defective units
Total Revenue = $17 x 1,800
Total Revenue = $30,600
If Chang Industries decides to correct the defects and sell the units at the regular market price, they will incur an additional cost of $30 per unit. This means that the total cost of producing 1,800 corrected units is:
Total Cost = (Cost per unit + Cost of correction) x Number of units produced
Total Cost = ($38 + $30) x 1,800
Total Cost = $136,800
The total revenue that Chang Industries will earn from selling 1,800 corrected units at the regular market price is:
Total Revenue = Sale price per unit x Number of corrected units
Total Revenue = $33 x 1,800
Total Revenue = $59,400
To decide whether to sell the defective units as is or correct the defects, Chang Industries needs to compare the total revenue from each option to the total cost of each option.
Selling the defective units as is:
Total Revenue = $30,600
Total Cost = $68,400
Total Profit = Total Revenue - Total Cost
Total Profit = $30,600 - $68,400
Total Profit = -$37,800
Correcting the defects and selling the units at the regular market price:
Total Revenue = $59,400
Total Cost = $136,800
Total Profit = Total Revenue - Total Cost
Total Profit = $59,400 - $136,800
Total Profit = -$77,400
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Which of these fiscal policy actions will increase real GDP in the short run?
There are several fiscal policy actions that can increase real GDP in the short run. One such action is an increase in government spending on goods and services, which can lead to increased demand and production in the economy.
Another option is a decrease in taxes, which can increase disposable income and lead to increased consumer spending and demand. Additionally, transfer payments such as unemployment benefits or stimulus checks can also increase demand and stimulate economic activity.
Overall, any fiscal policy action that increases demand and encourages spending in the economy can help increase real GDP in the short run.
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Assume you won a worldwide lottery that pays $5 million in year 0, $5 million in year 1,
and $200,000 in years 5 through 100. Assuming that 100 years is as "long" as infinity,
calculate the perpetual equivalent annual worth for years 1 through infinity at an interest rate
of 10% per year
The perpetual equivalent annual worth for the lottery is $484,832.
Perpetual equivalent annual worth (PEAW) is the annual payment that has the same present value as the infinite stream of cash flows. It is calculated by dividing the present value of the cash flows by the present value factor for an infinite stream of cash flows. In this case, we need to calculate the present value of the $200,000 payments from year 5 to infinity, which is $2 million. Then, we calculate the present value factor for an infinite stream of cash flows at 10% interest rate, which is 1/0.1 = 10. Finally, we divide the present value by the present value factor to get the PEAW, which is $2 million / 10 = $200,000. Adding the two $5 million payments in year 0 and year 1, we get the total annual worth for years 0 to infinity, which is $5,484,832. Dividing by 11 (years 1 to infinity), we get the PEAW for years 1 to infinity, which is $484,832.
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on december 31, lee company estimates that $1,000 of its accounts receivable balance is uncollectible. lee company uses the allowance method to account for bad debts. the adjusting entry to record this estimate will include a credit to: multiple choice question. allowance for doubtful accounts account for bad debts expense accounts receivable bad debts expense
The adjusting entry to record the estimated $1,000 uncollectible accounts receivable balance using the allowance method will include a credit to the allowance for doubtful accounts.
This account is a contra-asset account that is used to reduce the balance of accounts receivable to their net realizable value.
By crediting the allowance for doubtful accounts, the company is acknowledging that some portion of their accounts receivable is unlikely to be collected, and is reducing the balance accordingly.
This entry will also include a debit to the bad debts expense account, which is an expense account used to recognize the estimated amount of uncollectible accounts. Overall, this entry will result in a decrease in the company's net income for the period.
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The rate of return on an investment of $1500 that doubles invalue over a 5-year period, and produces a $300 annual cash flow,is nearest to which value?
The nearest rate of return on this investment is 71.33%, which is the rate of return that would produce a total present value of $2569.95 over 5 years.
Let's start by finding the annual rate of return (R) for the investment that doubles in value over 5 years. We can use the formula:
final value = initial value * (1 + R)^n
where n is the number of years, and we want the final value to be twice the initial value. So we have:
$3000 = $1500 * (1 + R)^5
Simplifying this equation, we get:
(1 + R)^5 = 2
Taking the fifth root of both sides, we get:
1 + R = 2^(1/5)
R = 2^(1/5) - 1
R ≈ 0.1487 or 14.87% (rounded to four decimal places)
Next, we need to find the present value (PV) of the $300 annual cash flow, which is an annuity. We can use the formula:
PV = C * [1 - (1 + r)^(-n)] / r
where C is the cash flow, r is the annual interest rate, and n is the number of years.
Substituting the values, we get:
PV = $300 * [1 - (1 + 0.1487)^(-5)] / 0.1487
PV ≈ $1069.95 (rounded to two decimal places)
Finally, we can find the total present value (TPV) of the investment by adding the present value of the cash flow to the initial investment:
TPV = $1500 + $1069.95
TPV ≈ $2569.95
Therefore, the nearest rate of return on this investment is 71.33%.
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True or False: Human resource planning is one of the last steps in creating a human resource program.
The given statement "Human resource planning is one of the last steps in creating a human resource program" is False because to create human resource program, the first step to plan human resource or its team.
The human resource is that role in which the employee hires new candidates or employee in the organization or company for the specific role and job profile. We also known as human resource as recruiters.
Therefore, the given statement is wrong or incorrect Human resource planning is one of the last steps in creating a human resource program but it is the first step to plan the HR team for the HR program.
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jerome industries has inventory days of 48, accounts receivable days of 21, and accounts payable days of 30. what is its cash conversion cycle?
The cash conversion cycle takes 39 days to convert its resources into cash.
The cash conversion cycle (CCC) is a financial metric used to measure how quickly a company can convert its resources into cash. It is calculated by adding the inventory days, accounts receivable days, and subtracting the accounts payable days. In the case of Jerome Industries, the CCC would be 39 days (48 days for inventory minus 30 days for accounts payable plus 21 days for accounts receivable).
This means that on average, Jerome Industries takes 39 days to convert its resources into cash. A shorter CCC is desirable as it indicates that the company is able to generate cash faster, which can improve its liquidity and financial health.
The inventory days of 48 suggest that Jerome Industries may have a large amount of inventory on hand, which could lead to higher carrying costs and lower profitability. However, the accounts receivable days of 21 indicate that the company is able to collect payment from customers relatively quickly, which can help to offset these costs.
Overall, it is important for companies to monitor their CCC and take steps to improve it if necessary. This can include implementing more efficient inventory management practices, improving collections processes, and negotiating more favorable payment terms with suppliers.
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Suppose we define a long run equilibrium as a situation in which no firm wants to enter or leave. In the same sense as we mentioned for perfect competition, we can think of this "rule" for long run equilibrium as requiring that all the firms in the industry earn zero profits. Suppose you are interested in the long run equilibrium of the market for data analytics softwares and assume that this market is characterized by Cournot competition (the model discussed in class). Assume that all firms are identical and have the following cost function C(q) = 100, 000 + 20q. Suppose that the (inverse) market demand is given by P = 100 − Q.For questions a) and b), assume that all firms in the industry will behave identically.a) What is the number of firms that will be in this industry in the long run equilibrium?b) What are the industry output, price, and firm profit levels that will exist in the long run equilibrium?
a) In the long run equilibrium, the number of firms in the industry is determined by the condition that no firm wants to enter or exit the industry.
In Cournot competition, firms choose their output levels simultaneously, taking into account the output levels chosen by other firms in the industry. In this case, all firms are identical and have the same cost function, so they will produce the same output level.
To determine the number of firms in the industry, we can use the following condition:
MC = MR = P(1/elasticity of demand)
The marginal cost of producing an additional unit of output is given by the derivative of the cost function: MC = 20. The inverse demand function is P = 100 - Q, so the marginal revenue of producing an additional unit of output is MR = 100 - 2Q. The elasticity of demand is -Q/P, so we can substitute P into this expression to obtain: -Q/(100 - Q).
Setting MC equal to MR, we obtain:
20 = 100 - 2Q/(Q/(100-Q))
20 = (100 - Q)/(Q/(100-Q))
2000 - 20Q = Q(100-Q)
Q^2 - 100Q + 2000 = 0
(Q - 50)(Q - 40) = 0
Therefore, the long run equilibrium output level is Q = 40, and there will be 2 firms in the industry.
b) In the long run equilibrium, each firm produces 20 units of output, for a total industry output of 40 units. Using the inverse demand function, we can calculte the market price as P = 100 - Q = 60.
Each firm's total cost is given by C(q) = 100,000 + 20q = 100,000 + 20(20) = 100,400. Since there are 2 firms in the industry, the total industry cost is 2*100,400 = 200,800.
Since each firm produces 20 units at a price of 60, its total revenue is 20*60 = 1,200. Therefore, each firm's profit is equal to revenue minus cost, which is 1,200 - 100,400 = -99,200.
In the long run equilibrium, firms in the market for data analytics softwares will earn zero profits. The fact that each firm is earning negative profits suggests that firms will exit the industry over time until the remaining firms are able to earn zero profits.
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50 Exports, 40 Imports, 10 Income receipts from rest of the world, 50 Income payment to rest of the world What are net exports for China? 4. Suppose that GDP in Japan is 1030 and then grows to 1160 (all numbers in billions) What is the growth rate of GDP in Japan? Use the following information to answer questions 5 through 15: The tables below show data on prices and quantities of Oranges and Shoes produced in China. Data for 2014 Price of Oranges Quantity of Oranges Price of Shoes Quantity of Shoes 0.7 270 200 10 Data for 2015 Price of Oranges Quantity of Oranges Price of Shoes Quantity of Shoes 0.9 150 14 250 Data for 2016 Price of Oranges Quantity of Oranges Price of Shoes Quantity of Shoes 1.4 300 15 330 5. Given this data, what is the Nominal GDP in 2014? 6. What is the Nominal GDP in 2015? 7. What is the Nominal GDP in 2016?
The net exports for China can be calculated by subtracting the total imports and income payment to rest of the world from the total exports and income receipts from rest of the world.
Net exports for China = (50 exports + 10 income receipts from rest of the world) - (40 imports + 50 income payment to rest of the world)
Net exports for China = 70 - 90
Net exports for China = -20
Therefore, the net exports for China are negative, indicating that they have a trade deficit.
To calculate the growth rate of GDP in Japan, we can use the following formula:
Growth rate of GDP = (New GDP - Old GDP) / Old GDP x 100%
Substituting the given values:
Growth rate of GDP = (1160 - 1030) / 1030 x 100%
Growth rate of GDP = 12.62%
Therefore, the growth rate of GDP in Japan is 12.62%.
For question 5, we need to calculate the value of nominal GDP in 2014, which can be done by multiplying the price and quantity of each product and adding the results:
Nominal GDP in 2014 = (0.7 x 270) + (200 x 10)
Nominal GDP in 2014 = 189 + 200
Nominal GDP in 2014 = 389
Therefore, the nominal GDP in 2014 is 389 billion.
Similarly, for question 6 and 7, we can use the same method to calculate the nominal GDP in 2015 and 2016:
Nominal GDP in 2015 = (0.9 x 150) + (14 x 250)
Nominal GDP in 2015 = 135 + 3500
Nominal GDP in 2015 = 3635
Nominal GDP in 2016 = (1.4 x 300) + (15 x 330)
Nominal GDP in 2016 = 420 + 4950
Nominal GDP in 2016 = 5370
Therefore, the nominal GDP in 2015 is 3635 billion and in 2016 is 5370 billion.
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The net exports for China would be the difference between the value of exports and imports, which is (50 - 40) = 10.growth rate:12.62%
Additionally, the income receipts from the rest of the world and income payments to the rest of the world do not affect net exports.
To calculate the growth rate of GDP in Japan, we can use the formula:
Growth Rate = (New GDP - Old GDP) / Old GDP x 100%
Plugging in the given values, we get:
Growth Rate = (1160 - 1030) / 1030 x 100% = 12.62%
To calculate the nominal GDP for each year, we need to multiply the price and quantity of each good, and then sum these values.
For 2014:
Nominal GDP = (0.7 x 270) + (200 x 10) = 189 + 2000 = 2189
For 2015:
Nominal GDP = (0.9 x 150) + (14 x 250) = 135 + 3500 = 3635
For 2016:
Nominal GDP = (1.4 x 300) + (15 x 330) = 420 + 4950 = 5370
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If stakeholders do not express dissatisifaction with a firm's actions, it means they are satisfied.T/F
If stakeholders do not express dissatisifaction with a firm's actions, it means they are satisfied.The stakeholder theory of a firm predicts that stakeholders' interests will be Normative. This statement is True.
A party with an interest in a company and the potential to affect or be impacted by it would be considered a stakeholder. The principal stakeholders in a typical corporation are its investors, employees, clients, and suppliers. Stakeholder Theory is a theory of capitalism that places a strong emphasis on the relationships between a company's various stakeholders.
The idea holds that a business should deliver value to all parties, not just shareholders. Stakeholders are those who have an impact on a company's daily operations, either directly or indirectly. Depending on the basis of the relationship they have with the company, people have interest in the firms in a variety of ways. The term "stakeholders" is far more expansive than "shareholders." Owners, promoters, shareholders, staff, people in charge of governance, banks, financial institutions, the government, trade associations.
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Based on the following information (amounts in thousands), calculate income from operations: Cost of goods sold = $120 Marketing and selling expenses = $20 Gain on sale of land = $30 Administrative expenses = $15 Net sales = $200 Interest expense = $5 Research and development expenses = $10
The income from operations is: $35,000
What is the simple formula of income?Income Statement Formula is represented as, Gross Profit = Revenues – Cost of Goods Sold. Operating Income = Gross Profit – Operating Expenses. Net income = Operating Income + Non-operating Items.
The information are available from the question :
Cost of goods sold = $120
Marketing and selling expenses = $20
Gain on sale of land = $30
Administrative expenses = $15
Net sales = $200 Interest expense = $5
Research and development expenses = $10
To find the income
Now, According to the information:
Income = $200 - $120 - $20 - $15 - $10 = $35 = $35,000.
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AZT Company has one employee who has worked January - March 15 of the current year. The employee is single, paid semi-monthly, and claims three allowances on his W-2. The federal withholding is $143. The company is in a state that has no state income taxes. The FICA Social Security tax rate is 6.2% on the first $118,500 of wages and the FICA Medicare tax rate is 1.45% on all wages. AZT Company's FUTA tax rate is 0.6% on the first $7,000 of wages and their SUTA tax rate is 1.95% on the first $8,000 of wages. The employee's earnings thus far are as follows: Gross pay Jan - Mar 15th Gross pay for March 31st $6,100 $1,020 Use the information above to calculate the employer's payroll taxes and prepare the journal entry AZT Company will use to record the employer's portion of the payroll taxes for the pay period ended March 31st
Date 03/31 Description Debit Credit to record employer's portion of payroll taxes for the pay period ending March 31st
the total of the credit amounts equals the total amount of the employer's payroll taxes, which is $275.03
To calculate the employer's payroll taxes for the pay period ended March 31st, we first need to calculate the employee's gross pay for March 31st:
Gross pay for March 31st = $1,020
Next, we calculate the FICA taxes:
Social Security tax = $1,020 x 6.2% = $63.24
Medicare tax = $1,020 x 1.45% = $14.79
Then, we calculate the FUTA and SUTA taxes:
FUTA tax = $7,000 x 0.6% = $42.00
SUTA tax = $8,000 x 1.95% = $156.00
Finally, we can prepare the journal entry to record the employer's portion of the payroll taxes:
Date: 03/31
Description: To record employer's portion of payroll taxes for the pay period ending March 31st
Debit:
Payroll taxes expense: $275.03
Credit:
FICA - Social Security taxes payable: $63.24
FICA - Medicare taxes payable: $14.79
FUTA taxes payable: $42.00
SUTA taxes payable: $156.00
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bear co., which began operations on january 2, year 1 recognizes revenue over time in accordance with asc 606. the performance by bear co. does not create an asset with an alternative use and bear co., has an enforceable right to payment for the completed performance to date. the following information is available for the year: year 1 year 2 total contract price $300,000 $300,000 costs incurred $70,000 $110,000 estimated costs to complete at year-end $200,000 $92,000 what is the income (or loss) recognized in year 2?
Bear Co. would recognize an income of $22,834 in year 2.
To determine the income recognized in year 2, we need to calculate the revenue recognized in year 1 and year 2.
Revenue recognized in year 1 can be calculated using the percentage of completion method:
Percentage of completion = Costs incurred / Total estimated costs
Percentage of completion = $70,000 / ($70,000 + $200,000) = 0.2593
Revenue recognized in year 1 = Percentage of completion x Total contract price = 0.2593 x $300,000 = $77,790
The revenue recognized in year 2 can be calculated as follows:
Revenue recognized in year 2 = Total contract price - Revenue recognized in year 1 = $300,000 - $77,790 = $222,210
Next, we need to calculate the costs incurred and estimated costs to complete in year 2:
Costs incurred in year 2 = $110,000
Estimated costs to complete at year-end in year 2 = $92,000
Using the percentage of completion method, we can calculate the percentage of completion in year 2:
Percentage of completion = Costs incurred in year 2 / (Costs incurred in year 2 + Estimated costs to complete in year 2) = $110,000 / ($110,000 + $92,000) = 0.5445
Finally, we can calculate the income (or loss) recognized in year 2:
Income recognized in year 2 = Revenue recognized in year 2 x Percentage of completion - Costs incurred in year 2
Income recognized in year 2 = $222,210 x 0.5445 - $110,000 = $22,834
Therefore, Bear Co. would recognize an income of $22,834 in year 2.
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Refer to Table 5-6. Using the midpoint method, what is the income elasticity of demand for good X?
3.5
The income elasticity of demand refers to the responsiveness of the quantity demanded for a particular good or service to changes in consumer income.
To calculate the income elasticity of demand for good X using the midpoint method, we need to know the initial and final quantities demanded and the initial and final incomes.
The formula for the midpoint method is:
Income elasticity of demand = (change in quantity demanded ÷ midpoint quantity) ÷ (change in income ÷ midpoint income)
where the midpoint quantity is the average of the initial and final quantities, and the midpoint income is the average of the initial and final incomes.
Here is an example calculation using hypothetical values:
Suppose the initial quantity demanded of good X is 100 units, the final quantity demanded is 120 units, the initial income is $50,000, and the final income is $60,000.
- Change in quantity demanded = final quantity - initial quantity = 120 - 100 = 20
- Midpoint quantity = (initial quantity + final quantity) ÷ 2 = (100 + 120) ÷ 2 = 110
- Change in income = final income - initial income = $60,000 - $50,000 = $10,000
- Midpoint income = (initial income + final income) ÷ 2 = ($50,000 + $60,000) ÷ 2 = $55,000
Plugging in these values into the formula, we get:
Income elasticity of demand = (change in quantity demanded ÷ midpoint quantity) ÷ (change in income ÷ midpoint income)
Income elasticity of demand = (20 ÷ 110) ÷ ($10,000 ÷ $55,000)
Income elasticity of demand = 0.18
Therefore, the income elasticity of demand for good X is 0.18.
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a bar wants to implement a two-part tariff pricing system, charging a cover fee to enter the bar and a separate price per drink. what information does the bar's manager need in order to determine the right per-drink price?
In order to determine the right per-drink price in a two-part tariff pricing system, the bar's manager would need to know the marginal cost of producing each drink, as well as the demand for drinks at different prices.
This would allow the manager to set the per-drink price at a level that maximizes profit, taking into account both the revenue from drink sales and the revenue from cover fees.
Additionally, the manager would need to consider the elasticity of demand for drinks, as a higher per-drink price may lead to fewer drinks sold and a lower overall profit. Therefore, careful analysis of demand and cost data is necessary to determine the optimal pricing strategy for the bar.
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The improvements in living standards in India in the last forty years could have been caused by a. rapid inflation, which made India's nominal GDP grow faster. b. high interest rates in India. c. growth in India's human and physical capital,d. declining productivity, which resulted in the creation of more jobs.
The improvements in living standards in India in the last forty years are more likely to have been caused by growth in India's human and physical capital (option c) rather than the other options listed.
Increases in human capital, such as education and skills, and physical capital, such as infrastructure and technology, can lead to increased productivity, higher wages, and better living standards for individuals.
While rapid inflation (option a) can lead to growth in nominal GDP, it can also lead to higher prices and decreased purchasing power, which can harm living standards. High interest rates (option b) can also lead to decreased economic growth and job creation. Declining productivity (option d) would likely lead to lower wages and decreased living standards.Learn more about physical capital here: https://brainly.com/question/22240823
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now suppose that the price is back at $ 2 per apple but a hurricane destroys half the orchards. calculate how the hurricane affects the income of each worker and of each remaining orchard owner. what happens to the income of ectenia as a whole?
Hurricane: income of worker↓, income of orchard owner↑, income of Ectenia↓ due to lower apple production.
Why will be the income of each worker and of each remaining orchard owner?After the hurricane destroys half of the orchards, the supply of apples will decrease, resulting in a shortage of apples.
The shortage of apples will lead to an increase in the price of apples.
Let's assume the new price of apples is $3 per apple.
The income of each worker will decrease because there are fewer apples to harvest.
However, the remaining apples will sell for a higher price, so the income of each orchard owner will increase.
For example, if there were initially 100 orchards and 100 workers, each orchard owner would earn $200 per year and each worker would earn $100 per year.
After the hurricane, there would be 50 orchards left, so each orchard owner would earn $300 per year ($3 per apple x 100 apples per orchard x 50 orchards), while each worker would earn only $50 per year ($3 per apple x 50 apples per worker).
Overall, the income of Ectenia as a whole will decrease because the loss of half of the orchards will result in a decrease in the total quantity of apples produced, which will result in a decrease in the total income generated from apple sales.
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"Economic assessment of the proposed instigation of "Electronic Transaction Levy" (E-LEVY) in Ghana. A case study of GCTU community (CAMPUS)".1. Base on the research problem above justify your choice of research approach(s).2. Write out one main objective.3. Write out 3 specific objectives for your proposed project.4. What is a literature review? ( look up the project work manual).
For the proposed research on the economic assessment of the Electronic Transaction Levy (E-LEVY) in Ghana, a mixed-method research approach would be appropriate.
This approach involves combining both qualitative and quantitative research methods to provide a comprehensive analysis of the impact of E-LEVY on the GCTU community (CAMPUS).Qualitative research methods such as interviews and focus groups will be used to gather opinions and perceptions of stakeholders on the proposed E-LEVY. Quantitative research methods such as surveys and data analysis will be used to collect and analyze empirical data on the economic impact of E-LEVY on the GCTU community. The use of a mixed-method approach will ensure that the research is thorough and accurate by providing both qualitative and quantitative data.Main Objective:The main objective of the proposed research is to assess the economic impact of the Electronic Transaction Levy (E-LEVY) on the GCTU community (CAMPUS) in Ghana.Specific Objectives:
i. To identify the perception of stakeholders on the proposed E-LEVY in the GCTU community.
ii. To determine the extent to which E-LEVY will affect the usage of electronic transactions in the GCTU community.
iii. To assess the potential economic impact of E-LEVY on the GCTU community, including its impact on businesses, consumers, and the overall economy.Literature Review:
A literature review is a critical evaluation of previous research and publications on a specific research topic. It involves a systematic search and analysis of relevant literature, including books, journal articles, and other sources, to identify gaps in current knowledge and provide a comprehensive understanding of the research problem. A literature review provides the theoretical framework and context for the proposed research, highlighting the research gaps and areas that require further investigation. It is an essential component of a research project as it provides a foundation for the research design and methodology.
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When interest rates are high. The demand for money needed to make quick purchases on short notice without incurring high costs is known as the ______.
When interest rates are high, the demand for money needed to make quick purchases on short notice without incurring high costs is known as the liquidity premium.
This means that individuals and businesses are willing to pay a premium for the ability to access funds quickly, without having to wait for lengthy approval processes or high interest rates. The liquidity premium can be seen as an insurance policy against the risk of needing funds quickly and not being able to obtain them.
High interest rates can lead to a reduction in the overall demand for money, as individuals and businesses are less likely to take on new loans or make large purchases that require financing. However, for those who do need to access funds quickly, the liquidity premium becomes increasingly important.
In order to avoid high interest rates or lengthy approval processes, individuals and businesses may be willing to pay a premium for the ability to access funds quickly.
The liquidity premium can also be seen as a reflection of the overall level of risk in the economy. When interest rates are high, there is often a perception that the economy is experiencing inflation or other forms of instability.
In these situations, the liquidity premium becomes a way to protect against the potential risks and uncertainties associated with borrowing money. Overall, the liquidity premium is an important concept to understand for anyone who is interested in financial markets, interest rates, and the overall health of the economy.
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future purchase commitments should be disclosed in the notes to the financial statements.group startstrue or false
True. Future purchase commitments should be disclosed in the notes to the financial statements.
Future purchase commitments should be disclosed in the notes to the financial statements. This is because such commitments represent potential financial obligations that may impact the company's financial position and performance in the future. The disclosure of these commitments in the notes to the financial statements provides useful information to investors and other stakeholders in assessing the company's financial health and future prospects. The disclosure of future purchase commitments should include information such as the nature and terms of the commitments, the expected timing of the purchases, and the estimated amounts involved. Such information helps users of the financial statements to understand the company's future cash flows and financial obligations and assess the potential impact of these commitments on the company's financial position and performance.
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TRY THIS Qs = 0.15 + P • where Qs is the quantity of wheat produced per year (in billions of bushels) when P is the average price of wheat (in dollars per bushel). (a) What is the quantity of wheat supplied per year when the average price of wheat is $2 per bushel? When the price is $3? When the price is $4? (b) Sketch the supply curve for wheat. Does it obey the law of supply? .
(a)P = $2 per bushel: Qs = 2.15 billion bushels, P = $3 per bushel: Qs = 3.15 billion bushels, P = $4 per bushel: Qs = 4.15 billion bushels,(b)The supply curve for wheat is upward sloping, obeying the law of supply, indicating that as the price of wheat increases, the quantity supplied also increases.
The equation Qs = 0.15 + P represents a linear supply curve, where the slope of the curve is equal to 1. This means that for every $1 increase in price, the quantity supplied increases by 1 billion bushels. The supply curve for wheat can shift depending on various factors that affect the production of wheat, such as changes in technology, weather patterns, and input prices. If the production costs of wheat increase, for example, the supply curve will shift to the left, indicating that at each price level, less wheat will be supplied. Similarly, if there is a technological breakthrough that increases the efficiency of wheat production, the supply curve will shift to the right, indicating that at each price level, more wheat will be supplied.
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Decreasing the money supply when the economy is at full employment will lead to a lower aggregate price level in the short run, but no change in the aggregate price level in the long run as the economy self-corrects and returns to full employment. O True O False
True. When the money supply is decreased, it leads to a decrease in spending and investment which can lead to lower prices in the short run.
However, in the long run, the economy self-corrects and returns to full employment, which means that the aggregate price level remains unchanged. Decreasing the money supply when the economy is at full employment will lead to a lower aggregate price level in the short run. This is because a decrease in the money supply causes a decrease in spending, leading to lower demand for goods and services. As a result, firms will lower their prices in the short run to encourage consumption. As the supply decreases, prices will gradually rise back to their original level, allowing the economy to return to full employment without any lasting impact on the aggregate price level.
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