The two Alamo defenders who made the original decision to try and hold the Alamo were Colonel James Bowie and Lieutenant Colonel William B. Travis. Both men were important in the Texas Revolution and played a crucial part in the Battle of the Alamo.
Colonel James Bowie was a renowned frontiersman and leader of volunteer forces in Texas. He was known for his legendary knife-fighting skills and had a strong reputation among the Texans. Lieutenant Colonel William B. Travis was a young lawyer and militia officer who was appointed as the regular army commander of the Texian forces in the area.
In February 1836, both Bowie and Travis decided to make a stand at the Alamo, a former Franciscan mission that had been converted into a makeshift fort. They believed that by holding the Alamo, they could slow down the advance of the Mexican forces led by General Antonio López de Santa Anna and buy time for the Texian army to regroup and gather reinforcements.
The decision to hold the Alamo was made despite the overwhelming odds against them. They faced a Mexican army of approximately 1,800 soldiers while their own forces numbered around 200. The defenders were also short on supplies, ammunition, and reinforcements.
Despite these disadvantages, both Bowie and Travis displayed great courage and resolve in leading their men and holding the Alamo for 13 days before ultimately being overrun by the Mexican forces. Their actions at the Alamo have become a symbol of heroism and sacrifice in the fight for Texas independence.
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What did it mean for Americans to "make do" during the Great Depression, and why was it difficult at first?
Answer: During the Great Depression, the phrase "make do" meant for Americans to get by with less, as they were faced with widespread poverty and unemployment. People were forced to cut back on spending and use their resources more wisely.
Explanation:
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juliet wants to get some canned peaches for her lunch. Compare the unit rates of two canning companies in dollars per ounce
After comparing, the unit rates of two canning companies in dollars per ounce are: Company A: $0.10 per ounce, Company B: $0.08 per ounce. Company B has the better unit rate of $0.08 per ounce.
What is unit rates?A unit rate is a type of ratio which compares the value of one unit of measure to another unit of measure. It is expressed as a number or fraction with a denominator of one. For example, if one hour of work is exchanged for $10, then the unit rate is $10 per hour. Unit rates can be used to compare different units of measurement, such as miles per hour, price per item, or cost per pound. Unit rates are useful to calculate the cost of a certain item or the rate at which something is happening. For example, if the cost of two items is $10, the unit rate can be calculated by dividing the cost by the number of items. The unit rate in this example would be $5 per item. Unit rates can also be used to compare different units of measurement, such as miles per hour, so that a comparison can be made.
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Which factor drastically boosted commercialism in India?a. Development of transportationb. Increased populationc. Increased Income of farmersd. Help from British
Answer:
The correct answer is A. Development of transportation.
Explanation:
The development of transportation significantly boosted commercialism in India. With the construction of railways and the introduction of steamships in the 19th century, India's ability to transport goods and people improved dramatically. This led to the creation of new markets and facilitated the exchange of goods, both domestically and internationally. The improved transport infrastructure allowed for faster and more efficient transportation of agricultural products, textiles, and other goods, which contributed to the growth of commerce in India. However, it should be noted that the British colonial rule in India also played a significant role in the development of transportation infrastructure, as the British invested in the construction of railways and other transportation systems for their own economic benefit.
The Erechtheum is most famous for itsA. Doric columnsB. regular floor planC. pedimental sculptureD. porch of caryatids
The Erechtheum, a temple located on the Athenian Acropolis, is most famous for its porch of caryatids. The correct option is D
The porch, located on the southern side of the temple, features six female figures sculpted as columns. These figures, known as caryatids, stand tall and proud, supporting the entablature of the temple's roof. The caryatids are highly detailed, with intricate drapery and hairstyles, adding to the beauty and elegance of the temple.
The use of caryatids in ancient Greek architecture was rare, making the Erechtheum even more unique and special. Beyond the caryatids, the Erechtheum also features other interesting architectural elements, including a mix of Ionic and Doric columns and pedimental sculpture.
However, it is the porch of caryatids that truly captures the imagination and attention of visitors to this ancient temple.
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Why did editor David Leviatin choose to change the original Riis text by including "full-frame contact prints... made by the Chicago Albumen Works in 1994"?
David Leviatin, the editor of the book "How the Other Half Lives" by Jacob Riis, chose to change the original text by including "full-frame contact prints" made by the Chicago Albumen Works in 1994 in order to enhance the reader's experience of Riis's work.
The original text was written in the late 1800s and was accompanied by small, low-quality photographs that were unable to capture the full detail and nuance of Riis's subject matter.
By including high-quality, full-frame contact prints, Leviatin was able to provide readers with a more immersive and detailed view of the living conditions of the poor in New York City.
This change also allowed for a greater appreciation of Riis's photographic skills and his ability to capture the humanity of his subjects.
Overall, the inclusion of these prints allowed for a richer and more powerful presentation of Riis's work, highlighting the importance of visual media in conveying social issues.
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explain one way the political or economic policies of vladimir lenin differed from those of joseph stalin
One of the significant differences between Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin policies was their approach to the international spread of communism.
Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin were both influential leaders in Soviet Russia, but their political and economic policies differed in several ways.
Lenin, the founder of the Soviet Union, believed in spreading communism worldwide through peaceful means. He advocated for the creation of a worldwide socialist movement that would support revolution in all countries.
Lenin also promoted the idea of "soviet democracy," which involved the election of representatives to workers' councils and the decentralization of power.
On the other hand, Stalin's approach to communism was different. He believed that communism could only be spread through force, and therefore, he focused on building a strong Soviet military.
Stalin was also known for his emphasis on centralizing power and creating a totalitarian state. He did this by purging political opponents and instituting a cult of personality.
Another significant difference between Lenin and Stalin was their approach to economic policies. Lenin believed in a mixed economy where private enterprise was allowed alongside state control.
He implemented the New Economic Policy (NEP), which allowed small businesses to operate and trade independently. Stalin, on the other hand, believed in complete state control of the economy, which led to the collectivization of agriculture and the nationalization of industry.
In conclusion, Lenin and Stalin differed in their approach to the international spread of communism and economic policies.
Lenin believed in spreading communism through peaceful means and promoted a mixed economy, while Stalin believed in using force to spread communism and implemented a completely state-controlled economy.
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Who was primarily responsible for pursuing the story that became the Watergate scandal.
The story that eventually led to the scandal was pursued by several reporters, but two reporters from the Washington Post, Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, are often credited with breaking the story.
The Watergate scandal was one of the most significant political scandals in American history, leading to the resignation of President Richard Nixon in 1974.
Woodward and Bernstein began investigating the break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in the Watergate complex in 1972.
Their investigation was aided by an anonymous source, known only as "Deep Throat," who provided them with information about the break-in and the subsequent cover-up. The two reporters pursued the story relentlessly, and their reporting eventually led to the resignation of President Nixon.
While Woodward and Bernstein were not the only reporters pursuing the story, their reporting was instrumental in bringing the scandal to light. Their work has been celebrated as a triumph of investigative journalism, and it has served as an inspiration for generations of reporters who seek to hold those in power accountable.
In conclusion, while several reporters were involved in pursuing the Watergate story, Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein of the Washington Post are primarily responsible for bringing the scandal to light and forcing the resignation of President Nixon.
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What message might President Truman have been trying to send to the American people
by only sending the navy and airforce?
President Truman was sending a clear message to the American people that he was determined to protect US interests and defend US territory from aggression.
By sending the clear message and airforce, he demonstrated that he was willing to take decisive action against any trouble of aggression. This also showed that he'd the military power to back up his determination.
The communication transferred by President Truman was that the United States would not tolerate any aggressive conduct and would use whatever force necessary
to defend its interests. By taking similar strong action, President Truman made it clear that the US meant business when it came to defending itself.
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how did the completion of the transcontinental railroad contribute to the settlement of the west? responses by giving funds to local leaders to build schools by giving funds to local leaders to build schools by raising money to build factories along the routes by raising money to build factories along the routes by providing people with access to essential goods by providing people with access to essential goods by establishing military forts along the routes
Answer:
C
Explanation:
The best answer here is "by providing people with access to essential goods" due to the fact that it helped transport recourses that were not previously available in the west to people who needed them.
john green argues that new technology and outdated tactics were the main cause of death and destruction of the war. machine guns and barbed wire are two examples of new technology - which country did they orginate?
John Green argues that new technology and outdated tactics were the main cause of death and destruction of the war. Machine guns and barbed wire are two examples of new technology.
The machine gun originated in the United States, invented by Hiram Maxim in 1884. Barbed wire, on the other hand, was also developed in the United States by Joseph Glidden in 1874.
The introduction of these technologies during the war created devastating effects on the battlefield. Outdated tactics, such as infantry charges, were still being used by military leaders who had not yet adapted to the changes brought by these new technologies.
This resulted in a high number of casualties as soldiers faced powerful machine gun fire and entanglements of barbed wire while trying to advance on enemy positions
Machine guns provided a significant increase in firepower, allowing a small number of soldiers to hold off large infantry assaults. Barbed wire, meanwhile, slowed down enemy movements and made it difficult for them to reach their objectives.
The combination of these new technologies and old tactics led to a deadly stalemate on the battlefields, with high casualties and immense destruction.
In conclusion, the development of machine guns and barbed wire in the United States greatly contributed to the death and destruction during the war. The inability of military leaders to adapt their tactics to these new technologies further exacerbated the devastating effects on the battlefield.
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The Second Great Awakening concerned the "awakening" of what type of devotion?
The Second Great Awakening concerned the awakening of religious devotion.
What was the Second Great Awakening about ?Rather than organized religion, this movement stressed personal conversion, revivalism, and a focus on individual spirituality.
The movement also resulted in the formation of new theological organizations and sects, such as Mormonism and Seventh-day Adventism, as well as the development of social and moral reforms such as abolitionism and women's suffrage.
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13. How was religion politics meshed together in the Byzantine Empire?
In the Byzantine Empire, religion and politics were tightly intertwined. The Emperor was not only the political leader but also the head of the Orthodox Church.
The state and the church worked together to maintain the empire's stability and reinforce its authority. The Emperor had control over the appointment of church officials and could use religion to justify his political decisions. The church, in turn, provided legitimacy to the Emperor's rule and helped spread the Byzantine culture throughout the empire.
Religion was also used as a tool to suppress dissent and promote social cohesion. This close relationship between religion and politics ensured the survival and expansion of the Byzantine Empire for centuries.
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An important development in Greek sculpture about 480 BC was the introduction of contrapposto, which can be described as a A. drapery styleB. system of proportions based on musicC. realistic facial expressionD. relaxed natural stance
An important development in Greek sculpture about 480 BC was the introduction of contrapposto, which refers to a relaxed, natural stance that gives a sense of movement and balance to the sculpture. The correct option is D
It involves the weight of the body being shifted to one leg while the other is relaxed, causing a subtle S-curve in the torso. This technique adds a sense of realism and liveliness to the sculpture, creating a more natural and dynamic representation of the human form.
Contrapposto became a defining characteristic of classical Greek art and was used to convey a sense of idealized beauty, balance, and harmony in both the human form and in depictions of gods and goddesses.
It was a revolutionary development that set Greek sculpture apart from earlier art forms and became a hallmark of classical Greek aesthetics.
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10
Explain what it might have been like to live in a Hooverville.
Support your answer with evidence from the text and images.
Answer:
below
Explanation:
Hoovervilles were makeshift communities that sprang up during the Great Depression in the United States. They were named after President Herbert Hoover, who was blamed for the economic crisis and the resulting widespread poverty.
Living in a Hooverville was a difficult and challenging experience. The residents of these communities were often homeless, jobless, and struggling to survive. They lived in shacks made from whatever materials they could find, such as cardboard, tin, or wood scraps. These shelters were usually cramped, cold, and lacked basic amenities such as running water or electricity.
The lack of basic necessities and harsh living conditions are evident in the descriptions and images of Hoovervilles. For example, in John Steinbeck's novel "The Grapes of Wrath," the protagonist family is forced to live in a Hooverville, where they face extreme poverty and desperation. Steinbeck writes, "The houses were built of scrap lumber and corrugated iron and most of them were just shacks, crudely built against the hillside, with no sanitation or water supply." This shows how the residents of Hoovervilles had to rely on whatever materials they could find and often lacked basic necessities such as water and sanitation.
Images of Hoovervilles also depict the challenging living conditions. For example, a photograph taken by Dorothea Lange in 1936 shows a family in a California Hooverville. The family is huddled together in a makeshift shelter made of wood and cardboard, with laundry hanging on a line outside. This image captures the cramped living conditions and the lack of basic amenities in a Hooverville.
Overall, living in a Hooverville was a challenging experience marked by extreme poverty, lack of basic necessities, and harsh living conditions.
3. To what does Baldwin claim white society compares African Americans?
Answer: Bald cypress trees.
Explanation: Police voilence for Black people in the country experiencing hauting ritual of black family and loss of loved one.White society compares African americans with bald cypress trees.
Effects of the Spanish American War (1898):
Explain how Cuba was impacted?
The Spanish American War of 1898 had a significant impact on Cuba. Following the American victory in the war, Cuba was granted independence from Spain and became a protectorate of the United States.
As a result of this newfound independence, Cuba was able to establish its own government and implement reforms that improved the lives of its citizens. The United States also played a role in modernizing Cuba's infrastructure, which further helped to spur economic growth and development in the country.
However, the United States' involvement in Cuba also had negative consequences. The Platt Amendment, which was added to Cuba's constitution in 1901, gave the United States the right to intervene in Cuba's affairs and establish military bases on the island. This led to resentment among some Cubans and contributed to political instability in the country.
Overall, the Spanish American War had both positive and negative effects on Cuba. While it helped to free the country from Spanish rule and establish its independence, it also led to increased American influence and control over the island.
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What did British imperialism cause India to become?a. Impoverishedb. Harmonizedc. Peacefuld. Enlightened
British imperialism caused India to become impoverished .
During the period of British rule, India experienced significant economic exploitation and political subjugation. The British extracted resources from India, using them to fuel their own industrialization and economic growth. India's traditional industries, such as textiles, were systematically destroyed to ensure that Britain's own industries faced no competition. As a result, India's economy was transformed from a manufacturing powerhouse to an exporter of raw materials and an importer of British finished goods.
In addition to the economic exploitation, the British imposed a colonial administrative system that disregarded the needs and desires of the Indian people. This furthered the economic disparities in India, with wealth becoming increasingly concentrated in the hands of a few. The majority of the population experienced poverty, famine, and disease, as their needs were ignored in favor of British interests.
Furthermore, the British implemented a policy of "divide and rule," which exploited religious and social differences among the Indian population, causing tension and conflict between various groups. While this strategy allowed the British to maintain control over India, it led to a lack of social harmony and peace in the country.
In summary, British imperialism in India led to the impoverishment of the country, the exploitation of its resources, and the disruption of social harmony. This period in history had long-lasting effects on India's economy and society, which can still be felt today.
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the vast majority of inhabitants along the coast of south carolina by the 1760s consisted of group of answer choices rice planters. charleston tourists. black slaves. poor german and scots-irish immigrants.
Based on the given text, none of the options reflect a point of view that the Columbian Exchange had a negative effect on the indigenous inhabitants of the New World.
Why is it?
The reason why the vast majority of inhabitants along the coast of South Carolina by the 1760s consisted of rice planters, black slaves, and poor German and Scots-Irish immigrants is due to the economic conditions and historical events that shaped the region.
The South Carolina coast was an ideal location for rice cultivation, which led to the development of a large plantation system that relied heavily on slave labor. The demand for labor also led to the importation of poor immigrants from Europe.
Additionally, Charleston became a major port city, attracting tourists and merchants, which further contributed to the diversity of the population. Therefore, economic and historical factors played a significant role in shaping the demographic makeup of the South Carolina coast in the 1760s.
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the strategy employed by the united states during the vietnam war that was premised on the belief that the united states could inflict more damage on the enemy than the enemy could absorb was known as .
The strategy employed by the United States during the Vietnam War that was premised on the belief that the United States could inflict more damage on the enemy than the enemy could absorb was known as "attrition warfare."
The goal of attrition warfare was to wear down the enemy's strength and resources by engaging them in a prolonged war of attrition, with the expectation that the enemy would eventually tire and concede defeat.
This strategy involved the use of overwhelming military force, including the deployment of massive firepower and the bombing of enemy targets, in an attempt to weaken the enemy's will to fight.
However, the strategy proved to be ineffective, as the North Vietnamese Army and the Viet Cong were able to adapt to the tactics used by the US military, and the war dragged on for years, causing significant casualties and damage on both sides.
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Paul Cezanne and Claude Lorraine were both painters famous for theirA. landscapesB. still livesC. portraitsD. genre scenes
Paul Cezanne and Claude Lorraine were both painters famous for their Landscape painting art. Option A
What is Landscape Painting Artlandscape painting art is the modern painting art that involves having inspiration from the illustration or picture of natural scenery in art.
In Landscape paintings artiste capture the picture of nature which are mountains, valleys, bodies of water like water falls, fields, forests, rain fall , snows and coasts etc. and which may or may not comprise of man-made structures as well as people .
In conclusion most artiste get their inspiration of art from natural environment which Paul Cezanne and Claude Lorraine were both known for.
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How did World War II help end the Great Depression in the U.S
Answer:
During the war, more than 12 million Americans were sent into the military, and a similar number toiled in defense-related jobs. Those war jobs seemingly took care of the 17 million unemployed in 1939. Most historians have therefore cited the massive spending during wartime as the event that ended the Great Depression.
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Gerald McMaster says of the Numbered Treaties, “What do you get in return? Well, you’re told that you have to go live in this one tiny area. You’re told now that you’ll become farmers. You’re hunters. You’re nomads. You’re not sedentary people.” Why were Indigenous leaders willing to accept deals that fundamentally changed their lifestyle and relationship with the environment? Would you have signed a treaty if you were in their position, or would you have stood with Mistahimaskwa (Big Bear)? Why?
The Indigenous leaders who signed the Numbered Treaties did so with the belief that it would protect their people's rights and interests, ensure peace and stability, and provide them with economic benefits.
What was the Numbered TreatiesBetween 1871 and 1921, the Canadian government and a number of Indigenous nations signed a series of historic treaties known as the Numbered Treaties. Most of what is now Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, and Ontario are included by the treaties, along with portions of Quebec and the Northwest Territories.
The treaties were made to stop European settlers from encroaching on indigenous lands and to give the government legal acknowledgment of those lands' claims. The government offered Indigenous peoples certain rights and benefits in exchange for the land, including usage of reserve lands, fishing and hunting privileges, and yearly payments known as treaty annuities.
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Who was Papon in the French-Algerian war?
Maurice Papon was a French politician and high-ranking civil servant who played a controversial role during the French-Algerian war.
He served as Prefect of the Paris Police from 1958 to 1967, where he was responsible for enforcing government policy in Algeria and suppressing pro-independence movements. Papon was accused of playing a key role in the roundup and deportation of Jews in Bordeaux during World War II, but he was not convicted until 1998.
In 1999, Papon was found guilty of crimes against humanity and sentenced to ten years in prison for his role in the deportation of Jews, but he died before serving his sentence.
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native americans ceded land for all of the following reasons except group of answer choices to trade goods. annuity payments. the promise that no more lands would be desired by whites. the desire of indian tribes for african american slavery.
Native tribes' desire for enslavement among African Americans. Native Americans who owned enslaved Africans or Native Americans from colonial era until the American Civil War are referred to as Native American slave owners.
Why do Indian tribes want to enslave African Americans?Slaves from Africa were transported to North America during waves of European colonialism (and the related Atlantic slave trade). As a result of this development, several native tribes started buying Africans as slaves. Many well-known members of the "Five Humane Tribes" bought slaves off their white neighbours and rose to become plantation owners. Slavery in Indian communities that supported the Confederacy was not legally affected by the 1863 End Of slavery because it merely applied to states that were in rebellion.
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Using the two documents (Polybius & the Roman Constitution, Document A and Professor Alan Ward & his article, "How Democratic was the Roman Republic?" Document C):
- Compare and contrast these primary and secondary sources
- Compare and contrast the authors of the documents
One of the earliest examples of representative democracy in history, the Roman Republic refers to the time (509 BCE–27 BCE) when the city-state of Rome had a republican government.
The next system of government in Rome was a republican representative democracy. At first, only the richest families in Rome, known as the patricians, had the right to assume political or ecclesiastical positions. Everyone else was regarded as plebeian, and none of them were eligible to hold office.
With an expansion in the political liberties and privileges granted to the lower class of citizens, the plebeians, the Roman Republic gradually grew more democratic.
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How was the U.S and it’s Allie’s able to finally achieved victory in Europe and Japan?
Toward the finish of June, the Americans caught Okinawa, a Japanese island from which the Partners could send off an intrusion of the vitally Japanese home islands.
How exactly did the Allies win in Europe?In both areas, air power was a shortcut to victory; It was easier to persuade democratic populations to continue fighting even during times of crisis and stalemate because British and American wartime losses were much smaller than those of Germany, Japan, and the USSR.
As American and Unified powers "Island Bounced" through the Pacific, one of their key targets was to remove Japanese bases from resupply or salvage. The Allied land and sea forces would take control of the areas around the Japanese bases that had been bypassed following the initial amphibious landings of the "hop."
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in the election of 1932, fdr ran on the platform of balanced budgets, and low taxes and criticized herbert hoover's policies for being borderline socialism. true or false
The given statement "in the election of 1932, fdr ran on the platform of balanced budgets, and low taxes and criticized herbert hoover's policies for being borderline socialism" is false because In the election of 1932, Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) did not run on a platform of balanced budgets and low taxes.
Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) did not run on a platform of balanced budgets and low taxes in the 1932 election. Instead, he criticised Herbert Hoover's policies for failing to do more to battle the Great Depression and urged for the federal government to play a more active role in solving economic difficulties.
FDR's platform contained New Deal measures aimed at providing assistance and recuperation to individuals afflicted by the Depression, as well as social programmes such as Social Security.
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What was one effect of the Great Compromise?
A. The government agreed to start ending the slave trade in 1808
B. A legislative branch with two houses was established
C. Only three-fifths of the slave population counted in slave population totals
D. The Legislative branch was made only of 1 house
One effect of the Great Compromise was that B. a legislative branch with two houses was established.
What was the effect of the Great Compromise?It is known as Connecticut Compromise which was reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. Its effect was establishment of bicameral legislature with two houses which are the Senate and the House of Representatives.
The Senate was designed to provide equal representation for all states, with each state receiving two senators while House of Representatives was based on population with the number of representatives determined by the size of each state's population.
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The medieval or church modes gradually gave way to _________________________.
The medieval or church modes gradually gave way to the major and minor tonal systems. This shift occurred during the Renaissance and Baroque periods, primarily due to the development of music theory and compositional techniques.
During the Middle Ages, the medieval or church modes were the primary means of organizing pitches in Western music. These modes, such as Dorian, Phrygian, and Mixolydian, were built on specific patterns of whole and half steps, and they provided the foundation for melodies and harmonies in liturgical and secular music.
However, as music evolved, composers began to seek greater harmonic variety and emotional expression. The invention of polyphony, or the simultaneous combination of multiple independent melodic lines, led to more complex harmonies and counterpoint, which in turn demanded a more stable and flexible tonal system.
In the 16th and 17th centuries, musicians and theorists started to develop the major and minor tonal systems, which are based on two specific patterns of whole and half steps. These systems allowed for the creation of richer harmonic progressions, modulations between different keys, and a greater range of emotional expression.
As the major and minor tonal systems gained prominence, the use of medieval or church modes gradually declined. Composers increasingly favored the new tonal systems, which provided the foundation for the development of classical music in the subsequent centuries.
In conclusion, the medieval or church modes gradually gave way to the major and minor tonal systems due to the evolution of music theory and compositional techniques, which allowed for greater harmonic variety and emotional expression in music.
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4. How does immigration impact American society
Answer:
Immigrants and their children played important roles in the development of culture and art in twentieth-century America, just as they have in science and academic institutions
Explanation:
This diversity has been celebrated for its contributions to American culture through cuisine, language, and the arts, among many other influences. Immigrants also make an important contribution to the U.S. economy. Most directly, immigration increases potential economic output by increasing the size of the labor force.
Similar to how they have in science and academic institutions, immigrants and their offspring have played significant roles in the development of culture and art in twentieth-century America.
How does immigration impact America?The integration and acculturation of immigrants and their offspring to American society is the main subject of the conventional narrative of American immigration. The important contributions that immigrants made to the development of American culture in the performing arts, sciences, and other fields of culture are generally ignored in this approach.
Although immigrants and their offspring are not born with stronger creative abilities than inhabitants of the country of birth, their marginalization and selectiveness may have drawn and pushed those with skill into high-risk professions that value creative work. Hollywood, academia, and the high-tech industries all have substantial populations of skilled immigrants, which has forced American institutions to be more meritocratic and open to innovation than they otherwise would be.
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