TRUE. The nation-state concept originated and has been used most extensively in modern Europe.
The nation-state refers to a political entity characterized by a shared territory, common culture, and centralized government.
This emerged during the European nation-building processes in the 19th & 20th centuries, following the decline of the feudal system & the emergence of the idea of self-determination for cultural & ethnic groups.
The Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 laid the foundation for the modern nation-state system by establishing the principle of state sovereignty.
European countries served as prominent examples of nation-states, with their governments promoting national unity, shared cultural identity, and economic development within their territories.
Overall, the nation-state concept has played a significant role in shaping the political landscape of modern Europe.
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Which eruption has low viscosity basaltic?
Answer:
Eruptions with low viscosity basaltic lava are generally associated with shield volcanoes, which produce fluid lava flows that can travel long distances. Examples of such eruptions include the ongoing eruption of Kilauea in Hawaii, which has been erupting continuously since 1983, and the eruption of Iceland's Holuhraun volcano in 2014-2015.
Explanation:
Order of rocks found in ocean from shore to deep sea
The order of rocks found in the ocean from shore to deep sea is: Continental Shelf, Continental Slope, Continental Rise and Abyssal Plain.
From beach to deep water, the following rocks are found:
The continental shelf is a shallow, gently sloping section of the ocean that stretches from the beach to the shelf break, which is typically 200 metres (650 feet) deep.The continental slope is the steeply sloping terrain that runs from the shelf break to the ocean floor. Continental Rise - The gently sloping area that connects the continental slope to the deep ocean basin is known as the continental rise. Abyssal Plain - The abyssal plain is a flat, featureless section of the deep ocean basin's ocean bottom.For such more question on Continental:
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TRUE OR FALSE 95) The militant cry of "fifty-four forty or fight" referred to the amount of money trappers had to have from the English for their beaver pelts.
False. The militant cry of "fifty-four forty or fight" did not refer to the amount of money trappers had to have from the English for their beaver pelts.
It was a slogan used during the 1844 U.S. presidential election, who advocated for the United States to claim the entire Oregon Territory up to the 54°40' parallel, which was the northern border of Russian Alaska.
This slogan was popular among those who believed in Manifest Destiny, the idea that the United States was destined to expand its territory westward.
The slogan implied that the U.S. would be willing to go to war with Britain over the territory. However, a compromise was eventually reached in 1846, and the border was established at the 49th parallel.
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What did the geographer who studied the spacial pattern of agricultural production in china find?farmers living in a village farm lands both close to the village and far away intensively, and methods varied spatially resulting in land improvement (by adding organic material) close to the village and land degradation (lots of pesticides and fewer conservation tactics) farther from village.
The geographer found that farmers in China practised intensive farming near villages with land improvement methods, but farther from villages, land degradation occurred due to increased pesticide use and fewer conservation practices.
According to the geographer's research, farmers in China engaged in intense farming close to villages, cultivating territories both near and distant from the community. The regional variation in agricultural techniques, however, led to land development techniques like adding organic material near the community.
Further out from the settlement, however, land deterioration was seen, which was characterised by more pesticide usage and fewer conservation measures. Based on the distance to communities, this geographical pattern revealed differences in agricultural practices and their effects on the environment.
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TRUE OR FALSE 104) Of the three types of migration factors, political factors have been the most important push factor for emigration from Afghanistan during the 1980s.
Of the three types of migration factors, political factors have been the most important push factor for emigration from Afghanistan during the 1980s. This statement is true.
Migration from Afghanistan has a variety of causes. However, it is true that socioeconomic issues are the most prevalent. because the Afghan government has spent the funding it has received over the past 20 years on the military rather than on possibilities to give the people jobs.
In addition, foreign assistance covers 70% of the Afghan government's budget. Foreign funding was drastically reduced after the Taliban gained control again, and the United States prohibited access to Afghanistan's state reserves. The Afghan people now have to deal with increased unemployment and a humanitarian disaster.
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Most volcanism in the world is associated withplate boundariesmidcontinental hot spotsfaultingaquifer depletiondesertification
Most volcanism in the world is associated with plate boundaries. The correct option is A.
At plate boundaries, magma from the mantle rises and creates volcanoes as it reaches the surface. There are three types of plate boundaries: divergent boundaries, convergent boundaries, and transform boundaries.
Volcanism can occur at all three types of boundaries but is most common at convergent boundaries where one tectonic plate is subducting beneath another. Midcontinental hot spots and faults can also create volcanism, but these are less common than plate boundary volcanoes. Aquifer depletion and desertification are not related to the formation of volcanoes.
Thus, the ideal selection is option A.
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There is extreme variation in temperature during day and night in the deserts. Give reasons
Deserts have low humidity, which means that they do not retain heat very well. During the day, the sun heats up the surface of the desert quickly, but as soon as the sun sets, the heat rapidly escapes into the atmosphere due to the lack of humidity and cloud cover. This causes the temperature to drop dramatically, leading to extreme temperature variations between day and night. Additionally, deserts are often located in areas with high atmospheric pressure, which further enhances the temperature difference between day and night.
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Rapid climate changes are relatively ______ and can happen when ______ feedback loops dominate the system.A. common; positiveB. common; negativeC. uncommon; negativeD. uncommon; positive
Rapid climate changes are relatively uncommon and can happen when positive feedback loops dominate the system. Positive feedback loops occur when a change in one part of the climate system amplifies and accelerates further changes, creating a self-reinforcing cycle. Option D.
For example, when Arctic sea ice melts, it exposes dark ocean water, which absorbs more sunlight and warms up faster, leading to more melting and less ice.
This process can rapidly accelerate and cause significant changes in the climate. While climate changes have occurred naturally throughout Earth's history, the current rate and extent of change are largely attributed to human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation.
These activities release large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, which trap heat and contribute to global warming. As a result, it is important for us to reduce our carbon footprint and mitigate the impacts of climate change to prevent further disruptions to our planet's delicate ecosystems.
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commercial farming characterized by integration of crops and livestock; most of the crops are fed to animals rather than consumed directly by humans.
The type of commercial farming that is characterized by the integration of crops and livestock, with most of the crops being fed to animals rather than consumed directly by humans, is known as mixed farming or mixed crop-livestock farming.
Crops and animals are raised on the same farm in this farming system, with the crops serving as feed for the livestock. This can help to lower the costs of feeding and managing cattle while also providing a source of income through the sale of crops and livestock products.
Mixed farming has a number of advantages over other farming techniques. Because farmers have many sources of income, it can help to lessen the risk of crop failure or livestock losses.
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suppose that the sun suddenly became a little brighter, which would warm the world a little. over the next few hundred years, what would you expect to happen? group of answer choices other things would change in the earth system, and these feedbacks would amplify the warming from the sun a whole lot and cause the earth to warm up so much that life would become impossible. other things would change in the earth system, and these feedbacks would amplify the warming from the sun a little and cause the earth to end up somewhat warmer than before the sun changed. other things would change in the earth system, and these feedbacks would oppose the warming from the sun and cause the earth to end up so much cooler than before the sun changed that a new ice age would start. nothing else would change in the earth system, so the earth would end up a little warmer than before the sun changed. other things would change in the earth system, and these feedbacks would oppose the warming from the sun and cause the earth to end up at the same temperature as before the sun changed.
If the sun suddenly became a little brighter, it would warm the world a little. However, this would also trigger other changes in the earth system that could either amplify or oppose the warming. These changes are known as feedbacks, and they can have a significant impact on the final outcome.
In this case, we would expect other things to change in the earth system, and these feedbacks would amplify the warming from the sun to some extent. However, it is unlikely that these feedbacks would cause the earth to warm up so much that life would become impossible. Instead, the earth would end up somewhat warmer than before the sun changed.
It is important to note that there are many different feedbacks in the earth system, and their effects are complex and not yet fully understood. Therefore, it is difficult to predict with certainty what would happen if the sun became a little brighter. However, based on our current knowledge, we can say that some warming would occur, and this would be amplified to some extent by feedbacks in the earth system.
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compare the movement of ice in valley glaciers to movement of water in a stream? include in your discussion the velocity profile, the erosion each causes, the competence of each, and the types of deposits each leaves?
Valley glaciers and streams differ in their movement and the effects they have on the surrounding environment. In terms of velocity profile, streams have a relatively uniform flow with faster-moving water at the center and slower-moving water at the edges. Valley glaciers, on the other hand, move slower at the top and faster at the bottom due to the effect of gravity.
Erosion caused by valley glaciers is more extensive and abrasive than that caused by streams. The sheer weight of ice and the debris it carries can carve out valleys and create deep crevasses. In comparison, streams typically erode through hydraulic action, which involves the force of water pushing against the surface of rocks and sediment.
Competence, or the ability to transport sediment, is higher for streams than valley glaciers. This is because streams have a higher flow rate and can carry larger sediment particles. Valley glaciers, on the other hand, have a lower flow rate and are better at carrying finer particles.
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What type of biome has been converted most frequently by humans for agricultural use?
A) Desert
B) Temperate grassland
C) Tundra
D) Savanna
Temperate grassland is the biome that has been converted most frequently by humans for agricultural use. The correct option is B.
This is because temperate grasslands are naturally very fertile and have deep, nutrient-rich soils that are ideal for agriculture. In addition, these grasslands often receive moderate amounts of rainfall and have a temperate climate, which is also conducive to agriculture. As a result, many temperate grasslands have been converted to cropland, and much of the original grassland biome has been lost to human activities such as farming, grazing, and urbanization.
Thus, the ideal selection is option B.
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a form of commercial agriculture in which livestock graze over an extensive area
The form of commercial agriculture you are referring to is known as extensive agriculture. In this type of farming, livestock are allowed to graze over a large and open area, rather than being kept confined in a smaller space.
This method is commonly used in areas with ample land resources, where it is more cost-effective to allow the animals to roam freely and feed on the natural vegetation rather than providing them with feed and shelter. Extensive agriculture is often associated with pastoralism, and it has been practiced for centuries in many parts of the world.
The form of commercial agriculture you are referring to is called "extensive livestock farming." In this system, livestock graze over large, open areas, utilizing the available natural resources for their sustenance. This method allows for lower inputs in terms of labor and capital, making it suitable for less fertile or remote regions. Intensive mixed crop and livestock farming frequently results in significant economic profits returns at the expense of the environment and society, including soil erosion, water pollution, and biodiversity loss.
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When it is summer in Australia, the season in the United States is
-winter
-summer
-spring
Answer:
[tex]\textsf{When it is summer in Australia, the season in the United States is \boxed{\textsf{\large winter.}}}[/tex]
Explanation:
[tex]\textsf{We are asked what the season will be for the United States if Australia is in}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{Summer.}[/tex]
[tex]\large\underline{\textsf{What are Seasons?}}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{Seasons are considered categories for what the weather conditions are like, how}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{much daylight there is, and how the \underline{Earth's tilt} is categorized. When the Earth}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{tilts, more or less Sun beams on that particular area.}[/tex]
[tex]\underline{\textsf{What are the 4 Seasons?}}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{Summer - Weather Conditions are hot, and dry. The Earth tilts to the Sun hence}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{daylight hours are the longest, which means the Sun is very intense.}[/tex]
---------------------------
[tex]\textsf{Autumn - Temperatures drop, and there's less intensity from the Sun. The Earth}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{tilts away from the Sun, making daylight hours shorter.}[/tex]
---------------------------
[tex]\textsf{Winter - Temperatures are at their lowest and the Sun is at its least intensity.}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{The Earth tilts the furthest away from the Sun, making daylight hours very short.}[/tex]
---------------------------
[tex]\textsf{Spring - Temperatures similar to Autumn, and the Sun is less intense than in}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{Summer. The Earth tilts closer to the Sun, making daylight hours longer.}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{Remember that the seasons depend on where and how much the Earth has}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{tilted.}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{Australia and the United States are countries located in different \underline{Hemispheres}.}[/tex]
[tex]\large\underline{\textsf{What are Hemispheres?}}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{Hemispheres represent the landmasses that are above and/or below the Equator.}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{If landmasses are above the equator, then they're in the Northern Hemisphere.}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{If landmasses are below the equator, then they're in the Southern Hemisphere.}[/tex]
[tex]\underline{\textsf{For our Problem;}}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{Australia is below the Equator, which means they're in the Southern Hemisphere.}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{United States is above the Equator, which means they're in the Northern}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{Hemisphere.}[/tex]
[tex]\large\underline{\textsf{Why do Hemispheres matter?}}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{Hemispheres determine what the seasons are for areas around the globe. Due}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{to the Earth's tilt, these hemispheres have \boxed{\textsf{Opposite Seasons.}}}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{Because these Hemispheres have opposite seasons, we can conclude that the}[/tex]
[tex]\textsf{United States has to be in \boxed{\textsf{\large Winter}} if Australia is in Summer.}[/tex]
the two layers of sediment that are typically deposited each year, in lakes that freeze each winter and melt each summer, are called
The two layers of sediment that are typically deposited each year in lakes that freeze each winter and melt each summer are called varves.
Varves are thin layers of sediment that accumulate annually in bodies of water such as lakes, where they are deposited in alternating light and dark layers. The lighter layers are typically composed of silt and clay, while the darker layers are composed of organic material such as dead algae and plant matter.
The deposition of varves is an important tool for scientists studying past climate and environmental conditions, as changes in the thickness or composition of varves can reveal information about the history of the lake and the surrounding area.
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commercial agriculture characterized by the integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations
Commercial agriculture involving the integration of different steps in the food-processing industry is often characterized by vertical integration. This occurs when large corporations own and control various stages of production, processing, and distribution of agricultural products.
Commercial agriculture refers to large-scale farming operations that are focused on producing crops or raising animals for sale or profit. This type of agriculture is typically characterized by the use of modern technologies and techniques, such as mechanization, irrigation, and chemical fertilizers, which are used to increase yields and efficiency. Commercial agriculture is often contrasted with subsistence agriculture, which is focused on producing enough food to support a family or community. Commercial agriculture can include a wide range of practices and crops, such as monoculture, agribusiness, and the production of cash crops like soybeans, corn, and cotton. It is a key component of the global food system and plays a significant role in the economies of many countries around the world.
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Perihelion occurs on January 4 when the earth is farthest from the sun.A. TrueB. False
The given statement, "Perihelion occurs on January 4 when the earth is farthest from the sun." is true because sun is closest to earth at perihelion.
The Greek word perihelion literally translates to "around the sun". It results from Earth's eccentric orbit around the sun. An orbital body's apogee is the distance at which it is from the sun. Natural bodies orbits in the cosmos are often elliptical rather than precisely circular. While others appear to be fairly flattened, other orbits are only slightly elliptical.
A planet's or another celestial body's "perihelion" is the moment in its orbit when it is nearest to the sun. The distance between the perihelion and the aphelion for certain bodies, like as all of the planets in the solar system, is incredibly small.
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Soil percolation test does not provide information about soil settlement. True or False?
True. Soil percolation test does not provide information about soil settlement.
What is Soil percolation testWe use the test to know how much a soil can take up water. This is also sometimes referred to as a perc test. It is often used to assess a site's suitability for a septic system or other kind of onsite wastewater treatment system.
A soil percolation test can reveal vital details regarding the permeability and drainage characteristics of the soil, but it cannot reveal details on soil settlement.
Buildings and other structures may sustain structural damage as a result of the process known as "soil settlement," which describes how soil particles compress and settle over time.
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The measurement of radioactive parent atoms and stable decay products (daughter atoms) in a rock allow for what to be determined?
The measurement of radioactive parent atoms and stable decay products (daughter atoms) in a rock allow for the determination of the age of the rock through a process known as radiometric dating.
This technique utilizes the known rate of decay of certain isotopes within the rock to calculate the amount of time that has passed since the rock formed. By comparing the ratio of parent atoms to daughter atoms, scientists can determine the age of the rock and gain insight into geological processes and the history of the Earth.
The phrase that best sums up geological processes throughout history is "geological process of Earth's formation is cyclical."
The historical history of Earth's formation reveals that it was formed by a number of significant geological events, some of which are currently changing the Earth's surface.
The Earth has been sculpted over a long period of 4.54 billion years by activities like volcanic eruption and many others. A glacial cycle that has repeatedly occurred has altered the polar region. This demonstrates how the Earth was formed by cyclical geological processes.
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fill in the blank."When decomposers break down organic molecules, a dark crumbly organic material called __________ that improves soil quality is formed.
A) silt
B) topsoil
C) humus
D) guacamole"
C) humus
When decomposers break down organic molecules, a dark crumbly organic material called humus that improves soil quality is formed.
Humus, a dark, organic material, is produced in the soil as plant and animal waste decomposes. Plants leave behind branches, leaves, and other waste on the ground, which builds up. Humus is the remaining, thick, dark, or even black material in organic trash after most of it has broken down.
Earthworms regularly help the soil's humus and minerals mix together. Nutrient-rich humus improves the soil's quality. As a result, the plants may take up these substances as food. Humus contains a number of ingredients that are important for healthy soil. One of the most important is nitrogen. The majority of plants rely extensively on the nutrient nitrogen. Humus contains minerals, including nitrogen, that are crucial to agriculture.
Therefore, Option C is the correct answer.
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What happens when a house is on damp, compacted sand?
Sand is readily mobilized; there are no binding forces, and the structure built on sand can easily collapse. Especially if there is moving water, then the sand is easily migrated. Sea sand does not offer high tensile or compressive strength; hence it is not advisable.
a farmer wants to expand his fields, but only has hills left. he is worried about water erosion because of the rate at which water is pulled down the hills during rainstorms. what can this farmer do to reduce the water erosion he fears?
Runoff water concentrates down a hill and develops narrow channels, which causes water erosion. These rills can go as deep as 0.3 meters. Gully erosion is the term used to describe them if they extend deeper than 0.3 meters.
Water erosion can take three different forms: sheet, rill, and gully.
Rills, interracial areas (the spaces between rills), gullies, ephemeral gullies, stream channels, woodland areas, and building sites can all experience water erosion. Important factors impacting soil erosion include terrain, climate, land use, soil properties, and rainfall patterns.
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which statement regarding the june solstice is true? which statement regarding the june solstice is true? locations in the northern hemisphere experience 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness. the southern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun. the northern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun. locations in the southern hemisphere experience long days and short nights.
The true statement regarding the June solstice is that the northern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun. This means that locations in the northern hemisphere experience their longest day of the year and their shortest night of the year.
The June solstice, also known as the summer solstice, marks the official start of summer in the northern hemisphere. On this day, the sun is at its highest point in the sky, resulting in more direct sunlight and warmer temperatures.
In contrast, the southern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun during this time, resulting in shorter days and longer nights.
The June solstice is an important event for many cultures and is celebrated around the world. It is a time for outdoor festivals, gatherings, and rituals to mark the changing of the seasons.
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TRUE OR FALSE 103) Most Iraqis have stronger loyalty to a tribe or clan than to a national government.
Most Iraqis have stronger loyalty to a tribe or clan than to a national government. This is True.
While tribal and clan affiliations are important to many Iraqis and can influence their political allegiances and identities, it is not accurate to say that "most" Iraqis have stronger loyalty to a tribe or clan than to a national government.
Iraq is a complex and diverse country with a rich history and culture, and many Iraqis have diverse identities and loyalties that are shaped by a range of factors, including religion, ethnicity, language, geography, and political ideology.
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the land area that contributes water to a river system is called a/the: group of answer choices river gradient precipitation drainage basin stream discharge
The land area that contributes water to a river system is called a drainage basin or watershed.
This area is defined by the topography of the land, where water from rainfall and other forms of precipitation flow downhill and converge into a network of streams, rivers, and lakes. The boundary of a drainage basin is often defined by a ridge or high point, where water flows in different directions.
The size of a drainage basin can vary from a few acres to thousands of square miles, depending on the size of the river system.
Understanding the drainage basin is important for managing water resources, as it helps to predict the amount of water that will be available for various uses, such as agriculture, industry, and human consumption. Additionally, the health of the drainage basin is important for maintaining water quality and biodiversity.
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In at least one sentence per rock type, explain what geochronological information can be derived from radiometric dates, both whole rock and on individual mineral grains, for each of the three rock types.
Radiometric dating of igneous rocks can be used to determine the age of crystallization, which is the age when the magma or lava solidified into an igneous rock.
Radiometric dating of metamorphic rocks can be used to determine the age of metamorphism, which is the age when the rock underwent metamorphic processes such as heat and pressure that caused the minerals within it to recrystallize.
Radiometric dating of sedimentary rocks can be used to determine the age of the minerals within the rocks. However, this is usually not a direct measure of the age of the rock itself, but rather the age of the source material from which the sedimentary rock was formed.
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TRUE OR FALSE 92) Physical boundaries consist of mountains, language, and water.
TRUE. Physical boundaries consist of mountains, language, and water.
Physical boundaries refer to the natural features that separate territories or countries. These features can be mountains, rivers, oceans, or any other natural barrier.
Mountains can be a physical boundary as they act as a significant obstacle that is hard to cross, and they can define the limits of a territory.
Language can also act as a physical boundary as it is a natural barrier that separates different groups of people who cannot communicate with each other.
Water, such as rivers and oceans, is another natural boundary that separates territories and countries.
These physical boundaries can have a significant impact on the cultural and political divisions between groups of people, and they can also affect economic and social interactions.
Understanding these physical boundaries is essential to understanding global politics and international relations.
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The midlatitude steppe climate supports mostly which type of agriculture?
A) Midlatitude steppe does not support any kind of agriculture.
B) oasis and irrigated agriculture
C) pastoral nomadism
D) some other kind of agriculture not listed
E) dry farming
The midlatitude steppe climate supports mostly pastoral nomadism type of agriculture.
Nomadic pastoralism is a type of pastoralism in which cattle is herded in search of new pastures to feed on. In contrast to transhumance, where seasonal pastures are set, true nomads pursue an unpredictable pattern of travel. Nomadic pastoralism is frequent in areas with little arable land, particularly in the steppe plains north of Eurasia's agricultural zone.
Full pastoralism necessitated the Secondary Products Revolution, during which animals were employed for wool, milk, riding and traction, in addition to meat. Herds must be relocated if the grass is insufficient, resulting in nomadism. While some people live a nomadic lifestyle exclusively, others spend the winter in winter camps and move their herds into the steppe during the summer.
Therefore, Option C is the correct answer.
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What percentage more nitrogen would be saved annually by using reduced tillage rather than conventional tillage?
A) 63%
B) 50%
C) 2.7%
D) 37%
63% percentage more nitrogen would be saved annually by using reduced tillage rather than conventional tillage. The correct Option is A
Reduced tillage involves disturbing the soil less compared to conventional tillage, which means that the nitrogen present in the soil is not lost due to excessive tillage. The correct Option is A
Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development, and farmers often use nitrogen fertilizers to supplement the soil.
However, excessive tilling can cause nitrogen to leach out of the soil, which means that the farmer will have to use more nitrogen fertilizers to achieve the desired yield.
Research has shown that reduced tillage can help retain up to 63% more nitrogen in the soil compared to conventional tillage.
This means that farmers who adopt reduced tillage can significantly reduce their nitrogen fertilizer requirements, which can lead to cost savings and a more sustainable farming system.
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where must rice production be done?in a flat field that can be filled with water and then drained
