The intravascular and interstitial ECF compartments, in particular, are crucial for maintaining the body's fluid and electrolyte balance as well as for facilitating the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste products between cells and the bloodstream. This is important for the student nurse to understand.
Extracellular fluid (ECF) is mostly found in two areas:
The blood vessels and the ECF, or blood plasma, that is present within the vascular system, are both parts of the intravascular compartment. The plasma volume is another name for it.The ECF is present in the spaces between cells in tissues and organs and is contained in the interstitial compartment, which surrounds the cells. It is also known as interstitial fluid or tissue fluid.To know more about ECF
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the nurse is educating a group of older adults about ways to decrease the risk of developing a fecal impaction. which risk factors should the nurse include in the session? select all that apply.
The nurse should include the following risk factors in the session on ways to decrease the risk of developing a fecal impaction; Laxative overuse, Diminished fluid intake, Decreased ability to exercise, and Inflammatory bowel disease. Option, 1, 3, 4, and 5 is correct.
Chronic use of laxatives can cause the bowel to become dependent on them, leading to constipation and an increased risk of fecal impaction.
Inadequate fluid intake can cause stool to become dry and hard, making it difficult to pass and increasing the risk of fecal impaction.
Physical activity helps to stimulate bowel function and promote regularity. A decreased ability to exercise can contribute to constipation and an increased risk of fecal impaction.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, can cause inflammation and narrowing of the bowel, making it difficult for stool to pass and increasing the risk of fecal impaction.
Hence, 1. 3. 4. 5. is the correct option.
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--The given question is incomplete, the complete question is
"The nurse is educating a group of older adults about ways to decrease the risk of developing a fecal impaction. which risk factors should the nurse include in the session? select all that apply. 1 Laxative overuse 2. High-fiber content 3. Diminished fluid intake 4. Decreased ability to exercise 5. Inflammatory bowel disease."--
Which scenario requires the licensed practical nurse (LPN) to notify the registered nurse (RN) immediately?
In general, if an LPN is unsure whether a situation requires notification of an RN, it is always better to err on the side of caution and seek assistance from a higher-level provider. Collaboration and communication between members of the healthcare team are essential for ensuring the best possible outcomes for patients.
1. Any change in a patient's condition or status, such as a sudden increase in pain, difficulty breathing, or an abnormal heart rate or rhythm.
2. Any unexpected or concerning laboratory or diagnostic test results, such as a high or low blood glucose level, an elevated potassium level, or a positive culture for a resistant infection.
3. Any medication error, adverse reaction, or unexpected side effect that occurs while administering medications or treatments.
4. Any signs or symptoms of an allergic reaction, such as hives, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
5. Any changes in a patient's mental status, such as confusion, disorientation, or agitation.
6. Any safety concerns or incidents, such as falls, injuries, or equipment malfunctions.
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can others see and act upon a pended order?
Yes, others may be able to see and act upon a pended order depending on the specific situation and platform being used. In general, a pended order is an order that has been placed but has not yet been executed.
Depending on the platform or system being used, other traders or market participants may be able to view pending orders and adjust their own orders or trading strategies accordingly. It is important to review the specific rules and regulations of the platform or market in question to fully understand who may have access to and be able to act upon pended orders.
However, whether or not they can act upon it will depend on their level of authority and access within the system. Generally, only individuals with the appropriate permissions can modify or take action on a pended order.
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When labeling prescriptions packed in a Unit Dose, what information should it not contain?
When labeling prescriptions packed in a Unit Dose, the information it should not contain includes the patient's medical history, insurance details, or any other personal or sensitive information unrelated to the medication itself.
What should be included in labeling prescriptions?
In a Unit Dose, the label should only contain essential details such as the name and strength of the medication, dosage, expiration date, and any necessary instructions for proper usage. When labeling prescriptions packed in a Unit Dose, the information should not contain any unnecessary or irrelevant details that could confuse the patient or healthcare provider.
However, it should include essential information such as the patient's name, medication name, strength, dosage form, and instructions for use. It should also include the dispensing date, expiration date, and any cautionary statements or warnings about the medication. Overall, the label should be clear and concise to ensure the safe and effective use of the medication.
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What are the Nursing Priorities for Constipation r/t Immobility ?
Answer:
Nursing priorities for constipation related to immobility may include encouraging the patient to move as much as possible and increasing fluid and fiber intake. Assisting the patient to a bedside commode after a meal to attempt a bowel movement may also be helpful. Administering stool softeners, laxatives, suppositories or enemas as ordered by a physician may also be necessary.
Explanation:
TRUE/FALSE. stratified random sampling is associated with a larger sampling error but is more efficient
Stratified random sampling is associated with a smaller sampling error because it ensures the representation of different strata in the population.
Why is stratified random sampling more efficient?
True, stratified random sampling is associated with a larger sampling error but is more efficient. In stratified random sampling, the population is divided into subgroups (strata) based on certain characteristics, such as age, gender, or medical condition. Then, a random sample is taken from each subgroup. This method helps ensure that each subgroup is adequately represented in the final sample.
While it can result in a larger sampling error, it is considered more efficient because it allows for a better representation of the population's diversity and can lead to more accurate estimates in medical research or other studies where subgroups are relevant. This can be especially important in medical research where different subgroups may have different health outcomes or risk factors. While it may require more effort to implement, stratified random sampling is generally considered more accurate and precise than simple random sampling.
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What causes gum recession
constipation is a side effect of which drug? a. hydrocodone b. aspirin (bayer) c. cocaine d. paroxetine (paxil)
The drug which causes constipation as the side effect is: (a) hydrocodone.
Constipation is the condition of having difficulty in passing the bowel movement. If a person removes less than three faeces in a week, it is said to be constipation. Difficulty in passing faeces is due to the hardened stool in the rectum.
Hydrocodone is a medication used to treat pain. It also is used as a cough suppressant. It belongs to the class of opioids. The drugs of this class are known to inhibit the gastric movement as they enhance the absorption of water but limit the food absorption. AS a result, constipation occurs.
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to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in a full-term newborn weighing 2,900 grams, what should the nurse do? group of answer choices maintain the infant's temperature above 97.7f/36.5c. assess blood glucose levels every 3 hours for the first 12 hours of life. feed the infant glucose water every 3 hours until breastfeeding is going well. instruct the mother to breastfeed every 4 hours.
To reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in a full-term newborn weighing 2,900 grams, what should the nurse do "Assess blood glucose levels every 3 hours for the first 12 hours of life".
Option (a) is correct.
Hypoglycemia, or low blood glucose, can be a risk for newborns, especially those who are small for gestational age or have other risk factors.
In this case, since the newborn weighs 2,900 grams and is full-term, the nurse should assess blood glucose levels every 3 hours for the first 12 hours of life to monitor for any signs of hypoglycemia. This allows for early detection and intervention if needed.
Maintaining the infant's temperature, feeding with glucose water, or instructing the mother to breastfeed every 4 hours may not be the most appropriate interventions to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in this case. It's always important to follow evidence-based practice and consult with healthcare providers for specific care plans for individual patients.
Therefore, the correct answer will be option (a)
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what is the epiploic foramen (Winslow)
The epiploic foramen, also known as the foramen of Winslow, is a small opening located in the lesser omentum of the abdominal cavity.
The epiploic foramen is an important anatomical landmark because it connects two major compartments of the abdomen: the lesser sac, also known as the omental bursa, and the greater sac. The lesser sac is a small cavity located behind the stomach and in front of the pancreas, while the greater sac contains most of the abdominal organs.
Through the epiploic foramen, structures such as the common bile duct, hepatic artery, and portal vein can pass from the greater to the lesser sac, and vice versa. The foramen is normally small and tightly closed, but it can become enlarged or dilated in certain conditions, such as portal hypertension or pancreatitis.
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origins of which muscles may be affected in medial epicondylitis?
The muscles that may be affected in medial epicondylitis are the wrist flexor muscles, which originate from the medial epicondyle of the humerus.
These muscles are responsible for flexing the wrist, bending the elbow, and rotating the forearm. Inflammation and microtears of the tendons that attach to these muscles can cause pain and weakness in the affected arm.
Medial epicondylitis is sometimes called "golfer's elbow," as the repetitive swinging motion used in golf can lead to this condition.
However, it can also be caused by other repetitive activities that involve the wrist flexor muscles, such as throwing, racket sports, or typing.
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Interm analysis/ Soft Lock IA
Interim analysis and soft lock IA are techniques used in research to evaluate and improve the quality of a study or project before it is completed.
Interim analysis is a method used to evaluate the progress and outcomes of a study or project at various stages before its completion. It helps researchers identify potential issues or improvements, assess the effectiveness of interventions, and make informed decisions about the continuation or termination of the study.
Soft lock IA refers to a specific type of interim analysis where data is temporarily locked for review without permanently finalizing it. This allows researchers to examine the data and make necessary adjustments or modifications to the study without affecting the overall progress. Once the review is completed, the data is unlocked and the study can continue as planned.
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The correct question is:
Which is techniques are used in research Interim analysis/ Soft Lock IA ?
If a researcher unobtrusively observes interactions among patients in a psychiatric hospital for the purposes of data collection, which human right may be violated?
If a researcher unobtrusively observes interactions among patients in a psychiatric hospital for the purposes of data collection, the human right that may be violated is the right to privacy.
Patients have a right to privacy regarding their personal information, including their behavior and interactions with others, particularly in a psychiatric hospital where patients may be vulnerable and seeking treatment for mental health issues.
Unobtrusive observation without informed consent or adequate protection of patient identity may infringe on patients' privacy rights, which could have negative consequences for their health, well-being, and dignity.
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a client reports left calf pain after undergoing a renal arteriogram through the left femoral artery. what intervention will the nurse perform first?
The nurse will assess the left leg for signs of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) as this can occur as a complication of the procedure.
Pain in the calf can be a symptom of DVT, which is a serious complication that can lead to pulmonary embolism. Therefore, the nurse should first assess for other signs and symptoms of DVT such as swelling, redness, warmth, and tenderness in the affected leg.
The nurse should also assess the peripheral pulses in the affected leg to ensure adequate blood flow. If the client has signs of DVT, the nurse should notify the healthcare provider immediately to initiate appropriate interventions such as anticoagulation therapy.
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First line management for pseudotumor cerebri
Which one of the following choices permits the transfer of money to another person?
The choices that permits the transfer of money to another person is bank transfer.
Therefore Option B is correct.
What is bank transfer?Bank transfer, or credit transfer, is described as a method of electronic funds transfer from one person or entity to another. A bank transfer can be made from one bank account to another bank account, or through a transfer of cash at a cash office.
In most cases, banks can only reverse bank transfers if the bank transfer was an error from the bank, and they sent it to the wrong account number.
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#complete question:
Which one of the following choices permits the transfer of money to another person?
a. exchange rate
b. bank transfer
c. stock market
■ Nurses must identify culturally relevant facts about their patients to provide appropriate and competent care to an increasingly diverse population.
Identifying culturally relevant facts about patients is crucial for nurses to provide competent and respectful care. It requires nurses to be knowledgeable about different cultures, open-minded, and empathetic to their patient's needs and values.
As healthcare becomes more diverse, it is essential for nurses to identify culturally relevant facts about their patients to provide appropriate and competent care. Cultural competence involves understanding and respecting the beliefs, values, and practices of individuals from different cultural backgrounds.
By gaining knowledge of a patient's culture, nurses can communicate effectively, build trust, and provide care that is respectful of the patient's cultural beliefs and practices. Culturally relevant facts that nurses must identify can include a patient's language, beliefs about health and illness, dietary restrictions, religious practices, and family dynamics.
For example, some cultures may prefer alternative medicine or spiritual practices over traditional Western medicine, and nurses need to understand and respect those preferences. Similarly, some cultures may have specific dietary requirements that impact their healthcare, and nurses must be aware of these requirements to ensure that their patients receive appropriate nutrition.
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What is the most important prognostic factor in pt with retinal detatchment
The most important prognostic factor in patients with retinal detachment is the macular involvement status.
When the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for detailed vision, remains attached, the prognosis for visual recovery is significantly better. Early intervention is crucial to prevent macular detachment and maintain good visual outcomes.
Factors such as the extent and duration of detachment, presence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), and the overall health of the eye can also impact the prognosis. However, macular involvement remains the key determinant of visual recovery following surgical intervention for retinal detachment.
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What does the fibrous skeleton do for the heart?
The fibrous skeleton of the heart provides structural support, anchoring, and electrical insulation. It helps maintain the shape of the heart, supports and anchors the heart valves, and separates the atria from the ventricles, ensuring proper functioning and preventing the electrical signals from spreading directly between these chambers.
The fibrous skeleton of the heart is a dense network of connective tissue that surrounds and supports the four chambers of the heart. It serves several important functions, including providing a structural framework for the heart, separating the atria from the ventricles, and anchoring the heart valves. The fibrous skeleton also plays a role in conducting electrical impulses throughout the heart, helping to regulate the heartbeat and ensure efficient blood flow. Overall, the fibrous skeleton is essential for the proper functioning of the heart and helps to maintain its integrity and stability.
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a client presents to the emergency room passing bright red blood from the rectum. the health-care provider determines the client has bleeding hemorrhoids. which causative factors should the nurse ask the client about? select all that apply.
The nurse should ask the client about chronic constipation and prolonged sitting on the job as causative factors for bleeding hemorrhoids.
Bleeding hemorrhoids are a common condition characterized by the swelling and inflammation of blood vessels in the rectal area. Chronic constipation and prolonged sitting on the job are among the most common causative factors for bleeding hemorrhoids. Chronic constipation increases the pressure in the rectal area, leading to the dilation of blood vessels and the formation of hemorrhoids.
Prolonged sitting on the job, especially on hard surfaces, also contributes to the development of hemorrhoids by reducing blood flow to the rectal area and increasing pressure. The options "eliminate caffeine from the diet," "stop smoking," and "lose weight" may have potential health benefits but are not directly related to the development of bleeding hemorrhoids.
The nurse should conduct a comprehensive assessment of the client's medical history, lifestyle habits, and physical symptoms to identify potential risk factors and provide appropriate education and management to prevent further complications.
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The complete question is:
A client presents to the emergency room passing bright red blood from the rectum. The health-care provider determines the client has bleeding hemorrhoids. Which causative factors should the nurse ask the client about? Select all that apply.
Chronic constipationProlonged sitting on the jobEliminate caffeine from the diet.Stop smoking.Lose weight.What national organizations can nurses use to locate EBP resources and EBP-based clinical guidelines?
Nurses can use national organizations such as the National Guideline Clearinghouse, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) to locate evidence-based practice (EBP) resources and EBP-based clinical guidelines.
Some national organizations that nurses can use to locate Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) resources and EBP-based clinical guidelines include:
1. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ): AHRQ offers a variety of EBP resources, including clinical guidelines, systematic reviews, and research summaries.
2. The American Nurses Association (ANA): ANA provides resources for nursing practice, including EBP guidelines and recommendations for various nursing specialties.
3. The National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC): NGC is a database of clinical practice guidelines from various organizations, allowing nurses to find EBP-based guidelines for their specific area of practice.
4. The Cochrane Library: This database provides systematic reviews and meta-analyses of healthcare interventions, which nurses can use to find EBP resources.
5. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI): JBI offers evidence-based resources, including clinical practice guidelines, systematic reviews, and evidence summaries.
In summary, nurses can use organizations such as AHRQ, ANA, NGC, Cochrane Library, and JBI to locate EBP resources and EBP-based clinical guidelines for their practice.
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among patients with contact burns, which body region is the most common injury site? a. forehead b. palm of the hand c. forearm d. sole of the foot
The most common injury site among patients with contact burns is the palm of the hand, option (b) is correct.
According to a study published in the Journal of Burn Care & Research, the hand was the most frequently burned body region in contact burns, accounting for 33.5% of all cases. This is likely due to the frequent exposure of the hands to hot surfaces or substances in daily activities.
It is important to note that the severity of the burn and the extent of the injury can vary depending on the duration and temperature of contact, as well as the type of material or substance causing the burn. Prompt medical attention is necessary for proper treatment and management of contact burns, option (b) is correct.
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when performing an assessment, the nurse identifies that the client has a dilated right pupil. which cranial nerve is likely to be involved?
If a nurse identifies a dilated right pupil during an assessment, it is likely that cranial nerve III, the oculomotor nerve, is involved.
The oculomotor nerve controls the constriction and dilation of the pupils, as well as the movement of the eye and eyelid. Damage to this nerve can result in a dilated and non-reactive pupil on the affected side. The other signs and symptoms of oculomotor nerve damage may include ptosis, diplopia, and difficulty moving the eye in certain directions.
The oculomotor nerve damage may be caused by an aneurysm or tumor compressing the nerve, or by a traumatic injury. Prompt evaluation and management of oculomotor nerve damage are essential to prevent complications such as vision loss or permanent paralysis of the eye muscles.
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Persistent pneumothorax and air leak after chest tube placement =
Persistent pneumothorax and air leak after chest tube placement can occur due to various reasons such as inadequate drainage, improper tube placement, or continued air leak from the lung tissue. In such cases, the healthcare provider may consider other interventions such as increasing suction or using alternative chest tube placement techniques.
Additionally, close monitoring and follow-up imaging may be necessary to ensure proper healing and resolution of the pneumothorax and air leak. In some cases, surgery may be required to repair any underlying lung damage or seal the air leak.
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In basic terms, what is a concussion and what impact do concussions have on humans?
A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury that occurs when the brain experiences a sudden impact or jolt.
This can cause the brain to bounce or twist within the skull, leading to a range of symptoms including headaches, dizziness, confusion, and memory problems.
Concussions can have both short-term and long-term impacts on humans, including cognitive deficits, emotional changes, and an increased risk of developing conditions such as Alzheimer's disease or chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).
It is important to seek medical attention if you suspect you or someone you know has experienced a concussion, as prompt treatment and rest can help to prevent further damage and aid in recovery.
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a postoperative client requests medication for flatulence (gas pains). which medication from the prn list would the nurse administer to this client?
The medication from the PRN list that the nurse should administer to a postoperative client who is experiencing flatulence is simethicone, option (2) is correct.
Simethicone is an anti-gas medication that works by breaking down gas bubbles in the digestive tract, making it easier for the body to pass the gas. It is often used to relieve symptoms of bloating, pressure, and discomfort caused by gas.
It is important for the nurse to assess the client's condition and ensure that the client is not experiencing any other symptoms or complications that require medical attention. The nurse should provide education to the client on strategies to prevent or reduce flatulence, such as avoiding gas-producing foods and eating slowly, option (2) is correct.
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The correct question is:
A postoperative client requests medication for flatulence (gas pains). Which medication from the PRN list should the nurse administer to this client?
1. Ondansetron
2. Simethicone
3. Acetaminophen
4. Magnesium hydroxide
Of the following, which one deals with the issue of safety caps on prescription bottles?
Of the following, the issue of safety caps on prescription bottles deals with the concept of "child-resistant packaging." This term refers to a type of packaging specifically designed to be difficult for young children to open, in order to prevent them from accessing potentially harmful substances such as medications.
Safety caps on prescription bottles are a crucial element of child-resistant packaging. They are engineered to require a certain level of dexterity and cognitive understanding to be opened, which is typically beyond the abilities of young children.
This feature aims to reduce the risk of accidental ingestion of prescription drugs by minors, which can lead to serious health consequences or even death.
In summary, the term that deals with the issue of safety caps on prescription bottles is "child-resistant packaging," which aims to protect children from accidental ingestion of potentially harmful substances by making the containers difficult for them to open.
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The site of injury in the patient with flail chest moves (select 2):
- Inward during inspiration
- Inward during expiration
- Outward during inspiration
- Outward during expiration
The site of injury in a patient with a flail chest moves 'inward during expiration' and 'outward during inspiration'.
Flail chest is a condition that occurs when two or more adjacent ribs are fractured in multiple places, resulting in a segment of the chest wall that moves independently from the rest of the chest. During inspiration, the negative pressure in the chest causes the segment to move outward, while during expiration, the positive pressure in the chest causes the segment to move inward.
This paradoxical movement can cause significant respiratory distress, and the patient may require mechanical ventilation to assist with breathing. Treatment of a flail chest typically involves stabilizing the affected ribs with surgical fixation or non-invasive measures, such as bracing or positive pressure ventilation. Therefore, the correct options are 'inward during expiration' and 'outward during inspiration' concerning the site of injury in a patient with a flail chest.
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What is a New Chemical Entities (NCE)?
A New Chemical Entity (NCE) is a novel chemical compound that has not been previously approved or used as a drug. It represents a new and unique molecular structure with potential therapeutic properties. NCEs are important in the development of innovative pharmaceutical treatments for various diseases and medical conditions.
A New Chemical Entity (NCE) is a term used in the pharmaceutical industry to refer to a newly developed chemical compound or molecule that has never been marketed before as a drug. It refers to an entirely new molecular entity that has not been previously approved by regulatory agencies such as the FDA. NCEs are typically the result of extensive research and development efforts aimed at identifying and optimizing chemical entities with therapeutic potential. The development of NCEs is a complex process that involves various stages of drug discovery, preclinical and clinical trials, and regulatory approvals. However, the agency has inserted an "Umbrella Policy" in the advice that allows goods produced concurrently with the same active moiety to share the product's exclusivity for five years. The FDA grants an NCE exclusivity, giving license holders a competitive advantage in the market. The FDA grants a five-year exclusivity period for each drug substance present in the product.
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the nurse is teaching the client about a newly prescribed systemic antifungal drug. what sign or symptom should the nurse instruct the client to report to the healthcare provider immediately?
The nurse should instruct the client to report any signs or symptoms of an allergic reaction to the systemic antifungal drug to the healthcare provider immediately.
An allergic reaction to a systemic antifungal drug can present with a range of symptoms, including hives, itching, swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, difficulty breathing, and chest tightness. The client should also report any signs of anaphylaxis, such as rapid heartbeat, dizziness, confusion, or loss of consciousness.
The nurse should emphasize the importance of seeking immediate medical attention if any of these symptoms occur. The client should also be advised to discontinue the medication and not to take it again without consulting with their healthcare provider.
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