Answer:
- This process is caused by spontaneous hydrolysis of a glycosidic bond: depurination and deamination
- This process is induced by ultraviolet light: pyrimidine dimer formation
- This can happen to guanine but not to cytosine: depurination
- This can happen to thymine but not to adenine: pyrimidine dimer formation
- This can happen to thymine but not to cytosine: none
- Repair involves a DNA glycosylase: deamination
- Repair involves an endonuclease: depurination, deamination and pyrimidine dimer formation
- Repair involves DNA ligase: depurination, deamination and pyrimidine dimer formation
- Repair depends on the existence of separate copies of the genetic information in the two strands of the double helix: depurination, deamination and pyrimidine dimer formation
- Repair depends on cleavage of both strands of the double helix: none
Explanation:
Depurination is the loss of purine bases (either adenine or guanine), while deamination refers to the removal of an amino group. During depurination, a β-N-glycosidic bond is cleaved by hydrolysis and a nucleic base is released (either adenine or guanine). All DNA bases may undergo deamination, except thymine (since thymine does not have an amino group). The ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause thymine or cytosine to form dimers (e.g., pyrimidine dimers), being thymine dimers the most common lesion when DNA is exposed to UV light. Pyrimidine dimers may be repaired by different excision mechanisms, e.g., nucleotide excision repair, where the recognition of the DNA damage leads to the removal of the DNA fragment containing the lesion. DNA glycosylases are enzymes involved in the mechanism of base excision, these enzymes recognize and remove damaged bases by hydrolysis of the glycosidic bond, producing an abasic (apurinic and apyrimidinic) site. A DNA ligase enzyme covalently joins two DNA molecules by forming a phosphodiester bond, which is required during these processes.
Which of the following best describes what causes plasma cells to form during a humoral immune response?
a. Memory B cells signal phagocytes to attack infected cells and divide, producing plasma cells.
b. Memory T cells recognize antigens and signal T lymphocytes to divide, producing plasma cells.
c. The antibodies on the surface of B cells bind to antigens, and the B cells grow and divide, producing plasma cells
d. The antigens on the surface of a pathogen attack healthy cells, and the resulting inflammation signals helper T cells to divide, producing plasma cells.
Answer:
Explanation:
Answer:
C. The antibodies on the surface of B cells bind to antigens, and the B cells grow and divide, producing plasma cells.
Explanation:
I took the test
Explain how the discoveries by Rosalind Franklin helped Watson and Crick build an accurate model of DNA.How can DNA be used to help solve a crime?
Answer:
Rosalind Franklin had taken the first picture showing the structure of DNA, called the double helix. This helped confirm what Watson and Crick had thought, thus leading them to make the first accurate model. DNA can be used to solve a crime because it can prove a certain person did something. EX: finding hair and who it belongs to/ finding finger prints and who they belong to.
hope this helps!
2. Which of the following is not used to study plate tectonics:
A) paleomagnetism
B) earthquake waves
C) sand dunes
D) fossils
Answer:
c) sand dunes
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Paar
ALGALEHEEN BILINGUAL SCHOOL
Grade 1 Science Homework #3.7
Topic 5.Lesson 4 Where plants and
animals live.
1.
A. True or false .
x
The environment is everything around a living thing
.
.
Answer:
Explanation:
A habitat is a special place where a plant or animal lives
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The first stage in the life cycle is called:
-prenatal.
-early childhood.
-middle childhood.
-infancy.
Answer:
Infancy
Explanation:
From birth to age three, early childhood includes infancy and the toddler years. The remaining years of childhood are from the ages of four to eight, and this is when children start kindergarten. During this period of life, a variety of significant physiological and emotional changes occur.
Imagine you are producing a short film depicting the molecules and biological processes involved in gene expression. For this, you need to first create a storyboard for your film. A storyboard is a sequence of drawings, along with some description or dialogue, that illustrates and represents the scenes of a story or movie. Create a storyboard for the process of gene expression/central dogma depicting the story of how the cell uses the information in DNA to synthesize a protein.
Answer:
By decoding information with the help of transfer RNA (tRNA).
Explanation:
The cell uses the information in DNA with the help of transfer RNA (tRNA) to synthesize a protein because transfer RNA (tRNA) decode a messenger RNA (mRNA) in order to produce proteins according to the information present in messenger RNA (mRNA). The information about protein is stored in a gene's DNA which is passed to a RNA in the cell nucleus which is responsible for formation of copies of DNA in the process of translation. So the cell uses the information of gene's DNA with the help of RNA molecules.
What statement most directly demonstrates a way that the geosphere is involved in the nitrogen cycle? A. Fossil fuels form when decaying organisms are buried underground for long periods. B. Animals break down proteins and other nitrogen-containing compounds into waste products. C. Some plants absorb nitrogen from the air and use it to form proteins. D. Bacteria that convert ammonia into nitrites and nitrates are found in the soil.
Answer:bacteria that convert ammonia into nitrites and nitrates are found in the soil.
It on Plato
Answer:
bacteria that convert ammonia into nitrites and nitrates are found in the soil.
Explanation:
PLEASE ANSWER ILL GIVE YOU BRAINLIEST
Answer:
3rd bubble
Explanation:
convergent boundary
Explanation: When two plate move towards each other they converge or come together. The collision between two plates that are moving towards each other is called a convergent boundary. When an ocean plate meets a continental plate at close to a straight line ( 180 degrees) the result is a subduction zone.
Which process involves wind moving loose sediment?
abrasion
deflation
impact
plucking
B- Deflation
Answer:
Deflation
Explanation:
Edge 2021
Give an example ecological disturbance. Light Disturbance? Extreme Disturbance.
Answer:
In contrast, major disturbances include large-scale wind events (such as tropical cyclones), volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, intense forest fires, epidemics, ocean temperature changes stemming from El Niño events or other climate phenomena, and pollution and land-use conversion caused by humans.
Explanation:
help guys pls !!!!!!?
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Please Brainliest
Recall in class the example of incorporating heavy or light nitrogen labels into DNA to investigate how DNA is replicated. Imagine if, instead of labeling DNA, the experiment used heavy labeled RNA bases. What would be the outcome if you examined the DNA strands after completion of DNA replication in the presence of heavy labeled RNA bases?
Answer: You would not notice any difference or any labeled base, because RNA is not used to make DNA.
Explanation:
DNA is a molecule that contains the genetic information in all living things. The molecule consists of two strands that wind around each other to form a double helix structure where the strands are joined by hydrogen bonds. It is a nucleotide polymer where each nucleotide consists of a sugar called deoxyribose, a nitrogenous base (which can be adenine, thymine, cytosine or guanine) and a phosphate group (derived from phosphoric acid). What distinguishes one polynucleotide from another, is the nitrogenous base and thus the sequence of DNA is specified by naming only the sequence of its bases. The sequential arrangement of these four bases along the chain is what encodes the genetic information.
Consider that DNA replication is semi-conservative, which means that each strand of the DNA double helix functions as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. This process leads from one starting molecule to two "daughter" molecules, in which each new double helix contains one new and one old strand. Then, if nitrogen tags are incorporated into the DNA, they will register on the old strand of the new DNA molecule.
On the other hand, RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a molecule similar to DNA but has only one strand and consists of a sugar (ribose) and alternating phosphate groups. Attached to each sugar is one of the four bases adenine, uracil, cytosine or guanine. The process of RNA synthesis, called transcription, consists of making a complementary copy of a piece of DNA. During this process, an enzyme called ARN polymerase, adds nucleotides that are complementary to the DNA strand. Then, this new RNA strand has new nucleotides. Thereby, if you examine the DNA strands after completion of DNA replication in the presence of heavy labeled RNA bases, you would not notice any difference or any labeled base, because RNA is not used to make DNA.
PLEASE HELP !! ILL GIVE 40 POINTS ; PLUS BRAINLIEST !! DONT SKIP ANSWER.
Answer:
the answer is a
Explanation:
its a physical reaction due to the change in apperance
what is the outcome of cell signaling
Answer:
Other important large-scale outcomes of cell signaling include cell migration, changes in cell identity, and induction of apoptosis (programmed cell death).
Explanation:
Leketa is a secret agent. She needs to send secret messages to her partner, Daniel. Leketa uses the sound waves from the beat of a drum to send her messages. Leketa and Daniel create a secret code using a pattern of drum beats to communicate with one another. In which of the following places would using a drum work to send her secret messages?
A. The drum will work on Earth, under the water, and in outer space.
B. The drum will work on Earth and under the water. The drum will not work in outer space.
C. The drum will work on Earth and in outer space. The drum will not work under the water.
D. The drum will work under the water and in outer space. The drum will not work on Earth.
Why did you choose your answer to Question 4? Explain in terms of sound waves.
Answer:
C. The drum will work on Earth and in outer space. The drum will not work under the water.
what are 2 characteristics of s waves
Explanation:
s waves are shear waves. they move by material flexing or deformity sideways from the direction of waves travel
Rhesus monkeys are more closely related to rabbits than they are to horses. (B) Horses and cows have identical amino acid sequences in their cytochrome c. (C) Humans are more closely related to rabbits than they are to rhesus monkeys. (D) Plants and animals have no similarities at all. (E) Mammals are more closely related to reptiles than they are to fish.
Complete question:
A scientist used the amino acid sequence of cytochrome c in different species to consider evolutionary relationships.
The data below summarizes the numbers of differences in the amino acid sequences of cytochrome C found in the selected species
Species compared Number of differences
Human-chimpanzees 0
Human-Rhesus monkeys 1
Human-Horses or Donkeys 7
Human-Cow, Pigs or sheeps 7
Human-Rabbits 7
Mammals-Birds and reptiles 10-15
Mammals-Fishes 18-20
Mammals-Plants 45-48
Interpretation of the data supports which of the following statements?
(A) Rhesus monkeys are more closely related to rabbits than they are to horses.
(B) Horses and cows have identical amino acid sequences in their cytochrome c.
(C) Humans are more closely related to rabbits than they are to rhesus monkeys.
(D) Plants and animals have no similarities at all.
(E) Mammals are more closely related to reptiles than they are to fish.
Answer:
(E) Mammals are more closely related to reptiles than they are to fish.
Explanation:
So, what you need to do here is to compare the number of differences found in each comparison. Remember that this information is only regarding cytochrome C. For instance, we can see that between humans and chimpanzees, the number of differences is 0. Their amino acid sequences do not differ at all. On the contrary, the comparison of mammals and plants threw a value of 45-48 differences, meaning that they are very different from each other, almost 50%.
So, this is how you need to interpret the values of the differences in this table. Now, let us go to the options,
(A) Rhesus monkeys are more closely related to rabbits than they are to horses. Rhesus monkey was not compared to any group other than humans, so we could not say that they are more related to one animal or the other.
(B) Horses and cows have identical amino acid sequences in their cytochrome. When comparing humans with horses and then humans with cows, the number of differences was the same -7-. But these results do not indicate which are the differences. Remember that we are comparing amino acid sequences, so probably the number of differences of each group with humans is the same, but the amino acid sequences between horses and cows are not.
(C) Humans are more closely related to rabbits than they are to rhesus monkeys. Humans and rhesus monkeys express only one difference in the amino acid sequence, while humans and rabbits exhibit seven differences. This result means that humans are more closely to rhesus monkeys related than they are to rabbits.
(D) Plants and animals have no similarities at all.
As we mentioned before, plants and mammals have a difference of almost 50% in their amino-acidic sequences. It does not mean that the other 50% is also different.
(E) Mammals are more closely related to reptiles than they are to fish.
The amino acid sequence of mammals and reptiles show 10-15 differences
The amino acid sequence of mammals and fish show 18-20 differences
So yes, mammals seem to be more related to reptiles than to fishes because the number of differences with reptiles is fewer.
A fossil of an extinct dinosaur is found, and the anatomy of the fossil shows similarities to that of a bird.
What possibly explains these similarities?
A. This is purely chance and isn't significant.
B. The extinct dinosaur and modern bird share a common ancestor.
C. All dinosaurs evolved into birds and that's why there aren't any dinosaurs alive today.
D. Dinosaurs choose to fly, and evolved into birds to escape predation and capture food.
Answer:
B sounds like a sensible choice
Explanation:
The extinct dinosaur and modern bird share a common ancestor. So the correct option is B.
What are evolutionary relationships?
Systematics, taxonomy, phylogenetics, and evolution are the four approaches used to investigate evolutionary connections. The branch of science known as systematics is concerned with classifying species and figuring out their relationships. It has two primary branches that may be separated:
Organisms are classified, given names, and grouped in taxonomy. A population, species, genus, or higher-level grouping like a family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, or domain can all be considered as a group or taxon. The word taxon is pluralized as taxa. The determination of evolutionary links or patterns of descent of species is via the study of phylogenetics.
The species of living things that exist now are all descendants of earlier ones. This is the result of evolution or merely time-related change. Branching evolutionary trees can be used to illustrate the evolutionary links between ancestors and their offspring. An evolutionary tree shows which ancestors gave rise to which descendants, much like your family tree does.
Therefore the correct option is B.
Read more about evolutionary relationships, here
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Need help!!! asap due in a hour
Which statement provides the best explanation of the difference in biomass of organisms found at each trophic level?
Answer: organisms at higher tropic levels have less energy available to them in organisms at lower trophic levels
Explanation:
What are some Fun fact about elephant seal
Create a typewritten paper describing the carbon cycle.
Describe the exchange of carbon through carbon-containing compounds between an
organism and the environment.
iii. Describe the contributions of photosynthesis and cellular respiration within and among
the four spheres. Discuss how carbon enters and leaves each of the four spheres and in
what forms.
Discuss the role of carbon storage in organisms
It only has to be one paragraph :)
Answer:
Plants reform the carbon into climatic carbon dioxide into carbon-containing organic compounds, such as sugars, fats, and proteins. Plants take in carbon dioxide by minute openings into their leaves, called stomata. They connect atmospheric carbon with water and produce organic compounds, utilizing energy trapped from sunlight in a method called photosynthesis. The by-product of photosynthesis is oxygen, which plants discharge into the atmosphere by the stomata.
Explanation:
Not positive if I'm right but it's the best answer I've got.
What is an example of biotechnology? What example from the Gene Editing article explains how biotechnology can be used for carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins?
Answer:
Synthetic insulin and synthetic growth hormone and diagnostic tests to detect various diseases are just some examples of biotechnology
Example of Gene Editing is Dalmatians, which often carry a genetic mutation that makes them prone to suffer from bladder stones.
?
Explanation:
HAVE A GOOD DAY
where do trees get nutrients to grow
Answer:
Photosynthesis a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that, through cellular respiration, can later be released to fuel the organism's metabolic activities
they need sun water and CO2
Explanation:
Plz help me well mark brainliest if you are correct!
Answer:
Explanation:
Uh this is gonna be kinda hard cause they are all examples of renewable resources. . .
but I would just say go with what the other pearson said :D
So What are all the good things about parakeets that i can convince my dad to let me keep my 10 parakeets my mom got me
Answer:
They are cute, they can learn easily, you can train em, they're honestly good company, and uh- that's all I could think of :/
Explanation:
Have a nice day :) And I hope you get to keep your uh "birdies"
Evolution is a result of–
a. natural selection.
b. species not adapting quick
enough.
c. competition for resources.
d. harmful mutations.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
When the offspring's phenotype is a "combination" (mixture) of parents' phenotypes
A) Punnett square
B) Polygenic inheritance
C) Codominance
D) Incomplete dominance
Answer: C) Codominance
Explanation:
When the offsprings phenotype is a combination of both parents
Answer:
I think the answer is incomplete dominance!! my teacher just explained it
Explanation:
what gene combination will have 50% chance of occurring if two heterozygous black and chickens are mated 
please answer!!
How many mL of stock solution of 2M NaCl do you need to prepare 100 mL of 0.150M NaCl?
Answer:
7.5mL
Explanation:
Comsidering the definition of dilution, 7.5 mL of the stock solution of 2 M are required to prepare 100 mL of 0.150 M solution.
Dilution is a procedure by which the concentration of a solution is lowered. It is achieved by adding more solvent to the same amount of solute.
Then the amount of solute does not vary, but the volume of the solvent does: when more solvent is added, the concentration of the solute decreases, as the volume of the solution increases.
A dilution is mathematically expressed as:
Ci×Vi = Cf×Vf
where
Ci: initial concentration Vi: initial volume Cf: final concentration Vf: final volume
In this case, you know:
Ci= 2 M Vi= ? Cf= 0.150 M Vf= 100 mLReplacing in the definition of dilution:
2 M×Vi= 0.150 M×100 mL
Solving:
[tex]Vi=\frac{0.150 M x 100 mL}{2 M}[/tex]
Vi= 7.5 mL
In summary, 7.5 mL of the stock solution of 2 M are required to prepare 100 mL of 0.150 M solution.
Learn more about dilution:
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