In ecology, the law of conservation of mass is applied by the principle of taking energy from the lower trophic levels and passing it to the higher trophic level by any means.
What is the law of conservation of mass?The law of conservation of mass states that the actual mass in an ecosystem is neither created nor destroyed. Overall remains constant in a system.
In ecology, it illustrates that when an organism is ingested by other organisms, its mass is conserved. Some of the organisms may also be dependent on the waste products like urine and feces to make proteins and other compounds.
Therefore, the energy or mass is neither lost in any form. It simply is taken by other organisms through any means.
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from about 450 to 300 million years ago, ______ dominated earth's vegetation, and then about 300 million years ago, ______ began to become more prominent.
From about 450 to 300 million years ago, bryophytes dominated the earth's vegetation, and then about 300 million years ago, gymnosperms began to become more prominent.
Evolution of plantsAbout 450 to 300 million years ago, most of the plants as we currently have them are yet to evolve according to evolutionists.
Instead, seedless vascular plants such as bryophytes were around. Many years after, these seedless plants evolved into vascular plants with seeds that are not enclosed in fruits.
Vascular plants with seeds but without fruits are known as gymnosperms. Plants whose seeds are enclosed in fruits, angiosperms, evolved thereafter.
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If square is dominant over round, what are the phenotypes for the following genotypes?
SS
Ss
ss
Answer:
SS: square Ss: square ss: round
Explanation:
The dominant trait is the capital letter
Why does a solid change to liquid when heat is added?
A. The spacing between particles decreases.
Particles lose energy.
B.
C. The spacing between particles increases.
D. The temperature decreases.
Rese
Answer:
C. The spacing between particle increases.
Explanation:
The particles are given more energy and begin to vibrate faster when a solid is heated. As the atoms vibrate faster, spacing in between particle increases.
Which of the
following is the
correct pairing of
the cell type to its
purpose?
A. parenchyma cell-thin cell wall, perform
metabolic functions, and make up most of
the plant
B. sclerenchyma cell-strong cell walls that
support the plant and allow it to bend
C. collenchyma cells-thick, hard cell walls to
make it tough like a seed coat
The statement that correctly pairs the cell type and it's purpose is as follows: parenchyma cell - thin cell wall, perform metabolic functions, and make up most of the plant (option A).
What are the types of plant cells?Plant cells are of varying types and they perform different functions in the system.
The simple cell types that can be found in plants are as follows:
Parenchyma; the cellular tissue, typically soft and succulent, found chiefly in the softer parts of leaves, pulp of fruits. Collenchyma; living, elongated, mechanical and flexible ground tissue with angular pectin depositions; present just under leaves, tendrils and stems Sclerenchyma; mechanical ground tissue, impermeable to water, which consists of cells having narrow lumen and thick, mineralized walls of ligninFrom the above description, the statement that correctly pairs the cell type and it's purpose is as follows: parenchyma cell - thin cell wall, perform metabolic functions, and make up most of the plant.
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Electroporation is a technique used for __________
Electroporation is a technique used for inserting DNA into cells
What is Electroporation?Electroporation is a physical transfection method that uses an electrical pulse to create temporary pores in cell membranes through which substances like nucleic acids can pass into cells.
Electroporation is highly efficient for the introduction of foreign genes into tissue culture cells, especially mammalian cells.
Hence, electroporation is a technique used for inserting DNA into cells
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In general, how might recombinant dna technology be used to prevent a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in a single gene?.
Recombinant DNA technology is used to prevent a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in a single gene by reinserting nucleotide sequences in a normal linear order.
What is a gene?A gene is a fragment of single-stranded DNA that is used during transcription and translation to produce a protein.
A mutated gene has a different nucleotide sequence when compared to the normal gene, which can be corrected by using recombined normal sequences.
In conclusion, recombinant DNA technology is used to prevent a genetic disorder caused by a mutation in a single gene by reinserting nucleotide sequences in a normal linear order.
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What does the specific
defense of the immune
system use to fight
pathogens?
A. red blood cells
B. vaccines
C. lymphocytes
D. plasma
Answer:
C
Explanation:
There are different types of T-Cells, aka Lymphocytes.
the Cytotoxic T-Cells will find and directly attack, also giving them the name "Killer Cells"
The Cytotoxic cell's main purpose is to find bacteria, viruses, and cancer cells.
Next,
there is the Helper T Cells, which recruit other immune system cells and organize a special immune response.
Regulatory T cells, suppress the immune system so it doesn't overreact. Just as in Auto-Immune diseases
What are the defining characteristics of chondricythyes?
Species in this class have paired fins, hard scales, a two-chambered heart, and a pair of nostrils. Most species have 5-7 gill slits on each side of their body.
Chondrichthyes are cartilaginous fishes and are mostly marine with basic fish attributes.
ChondrichthyesThey are a class of fishes known as cartilaginous fishes. They possess all the characteristics of fishes in addition to features such as:
living mostly in marine habitatspossessing a pair of jawthe central placement of the mouthpossession of cartilaginous skeletons instead of bonesMore on Chondrichthyes can be found here: https://brainly.com/question/3520910
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How many layers does a muscle fascicle have connective tissues
A muscle fascicle have three layers of connective tissues.
What are connective tissues?Connective tissues are tissues which connects layers of organs or tissues together.
A muscle us a type of tissue.
A muscle fascicle have three layers of connective tissues called:
epimysium, perimysium, and endomysiumTherefore, a muscle fascicle have three layers of connective tissues.
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What are the most primitive surviving vertebrates?
The most primitive surviving vertebrate are those in the Agnatha class.
AgnathaThis refers to a group of fishes that are jawless. They include lampreys and hagfishes.
Fishes in the Agnathan class have no fins nor stomachs.
Hagfishes still exist with over 76 species in different cold waters around the world.
Lampreys live mostly as parasites on other fishes and are found in the Atlantic oceans.
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Why did Gregor Mendel choose to use purebred plants in his experiments?
O They reproduce sexually.
O They exhibit only one form of a trait
O They have a variety of traits.
O They reproduce asexually,
Answer:
B: The exhibit only one form of a trait
Explanation:
Got it right on the Quiz.
Select the correct answer. A force of 15 newtons is applied to both Object A with a mass of 25 kilograms and Object B with a mass of 50 kilograms. What is true about the acceleration of Object A and Object B? A. Acceleration of Object A is four times that of the acceleration of Object B. B. Acceleration of Object A is the same as the acceleration of Object B. C. Acceleration of Object A is half the acceleration of Object B. D. Acceleration of Object A is twice that of the acceleration of Object B.
By Newton's second law
F=ma , F=force (unit= N)
m=mass (Kg), a=acceleration (m/s2)
By applying the formula, we can calculate acceleration
a = F/ m
For object A,
Force =15N, Mass=25kg
a= 15/25
acceleration, a=0.6m/s2
For object B,
Force=15N, Mass=50 kg
a=15/50
acceleration,a=0.3m/s2
By calculation, the acceleration of object A is twice the of object B.
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Answer:
See image
Explanation:
Plato
How much ATP is produced from the Kreb Cycle?
According to the research, in the Kreb Cycle two ATP molecules are generated.
What is the Kreb Cycle?It is the set of reactions that generates most of the electron carriers (energy) that will be connected in the electron transport chain.
Two molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are formed from one glucose molecule (two turns of the cycle).
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, in the Kreb Cycle two ATP molecules are generated.
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The atlantic cod (gadus callarias) is a fish which lays about 5 000 000 eggs in its lifetime. On average, only two of these eggs survive to become adult cod. How does this promote evolution?
The atlantic cod (gadus callarias) is a fish which lays about 5 000 000 eggs in its lifetime. On average, only two of these eggs survive to become adult cod. This promote evolution because the environment selects the most evolved animals to survive that environment.
What is the evolutionary process?Evolutionary processes aim, therefore, to generate greater adaptation of species in an environment. When new species of organisms are formed from gradual changes in preexisting species.
So although there are several eggs initially only those that survived the environment are able and evolved to reproduce, so the evolution of species is carried out.
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Round seeds are dominant over wrinkled seeds in
the pea plants that Mendel studied. Provide the
genotypes and phenotypes of offspring produced
when a heterozygous round plant crosses with
another heterozygous round plant.
Genotype - RR - 25%, Rr - 50%, rr - 25% (1:2:1)
Phenotype - Round seeds - 75%, Wrinkled seeds - 25% (3:1)
How explain your answer?Let the letter "r" stand for the alleles, where R is round seeds and r is wrinkled seeds. A genotype is an individual's genes represented through alleles. Phenotypes are how the genes express themselves. In other words, genotypes will be written using letters, the alleles, and phenotypes will be the possible outcomes of the alleles.
Both of the parent seeds have the genotypes Rr and the phenotype of round seeds.
If you create punnet square (which had four boxes in total) 1 will have RR, 2 will have Rr, and 1 will have rr. These are the ratios for the genotypes. Each box represents 25%, so the percentages will be 25, 50, and 25. Finally, 3 of these boxes (RR and Rr) will result in round seeds because those are dominant. Only the genotype rr will result in wrinkled phenotype. Therefore, the ratio is 3:1 or 75% to 25%.
Thus, this could be the answer.
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Sphingosine is not a component of:
According to the research, sphingosine is an aminoalcohol that forms ceramides and is not a component of cardiolipin.
What is sphingosine?It is an aminoalcohol that is found in most of the sphingolipids of animal tissues.
It intervenes in cellular metabolic regulation processes related to lipid signaling pathways.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, sphingosine is an aminoalcohol that forms ceramides and is not a component of cardiolipin.
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Disavantages of carbon
Answer:
Disavantages if Carbon: Carbon can cause climate change by trapping heat, and they can contribute to respiratory disease from smog and air pollution.
The most prevalent antibody class in the blood is:
The most prevalent antibody class in the blood is immunoglobulin G, IgG.
What are antibodies?Antibodies are proteins which are produced by the body and form part of the immune system by binding onto antigens in order to enhance their clearance from the body.
Antibodies are found in the blood. The antibodies found in the blood include the immunoglobulins A, D, E, and G.
The most prevalent antibody class in the blood is immunoglobulin G, IgG.
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Can you think of a physiologic process that is not under the control of a homeostatic reflex system?.
Hair and nail growth are not homeostatically controlled. There is no miracle in using exuberance to handle these procedures. The disadvantage is that they can produce very long and interrupt normal activities.
Hair and nail growth are not homeostatic ally controlled. The disadvantage is that they can produce very long and interrupt normal activities.
What is homeostasis ?It is a physiological process where body to maintain the internal environment in response to changes in outer external environment.
Internal environment means the interstitial fluids while external environment refers to the environment in which organisms live.
Any fluctuation in homeostasis leads to death or a disease of an organism, called as homeostatic imbalance.
The diseases include diabetes, dehydration, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, gout etc.
The controlling factors of homeostasis are stimulus can be any physical, chemical or environmental factors leads to deviation of normal body’s environment
Receptor receives the stimulus and pass to the control center like neuron.
Regulator can control coordinator center receives and processes information from the receptor like Hypothalamus.
Effector can control commands from stimulus like Glands, muscles
Response refers to any reaction response to the stimulus.
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5. How can we say that added sugar is not necessary for our health (it's not), when we learned that
aerobic cellular respiration uses glucose as a fuel source? (hint - where did hunter/gatherers our
ancestors, get sugar?)
Answer:
more than likely fruits and berries
or natural sugars
The body does not require any added sugar to stay healthy. Hunters/gatherers and our ancestors consumed fruits and milk that are natural sugar to obtain energy.
What is the difference between added sugar and natural sugar?Natural sugars are found in unprocessed food such as fruits and milk.Fruits contain fructose and milk contains lactose.On the other hand, added sugars are the artificial sweeteners that we often add to our daily diet in the form of white sugars and caloric sweeteners. From the perspective of health, it is always better to opt for natural sugar that keeps our body stable energy and stable metabolism.Added sugars are harmful when consumed in higher quantities.Hence, added sugar is not necessary for our health when we have learned that aerobic cellular respiration uses glucose as a fuel source that can be obtained from natural sugar.
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When mpf activity declines in a normal healthy cell it is due to _____
When mpf activity declines in a normal healthy cell it is due to degradation of cyclin.
What is the cell cycle?The cell cycle refers to the process by which new cells are formed by mitosis from an existing cells.
Several cell components are important in the cell cycle.
Cyclin is an important part involved in the cell cycle.
A decrease in cyclin due to increased degradation results in a decline in mpf activity.
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Summary of transcription
Answer:
Explanation:
During transcription, DNA is converted into RNA in the nucleus of the cell.
The "collar bone" is also known as the:
According to the research, the collar bone is also known as the clavicle.
What is the clavicle?They are the bones of the human being that are found in the upper sector of the chest, articulating with the acromion of the shoulder blade and the sternum.
This bone is important for the composition of the shoulder joint complex, since it functions as a stabilizer for all parts of the shoulder, and therefore for the arm.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the collar bone is also known as the clavicle.
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Answer:
clavicle
Explanation:
hope this helps :)
Which muscle contributes to external rotation of the glenohumeral joint?
According to the research, the infraspinatus contributes to external rotation of the glenohumeral joint.
What is the infraspinatus?It is a flat muscle, which is part of the rotator cuff of the shoulder, it fulfills the function of stabilizing the joint surfaces involved in the glenohumeral joint, performing external rotation.
In other words, this muscle performs similar movements and shares the same place where they are inserted, with the supraspinatus, the teres minor and the subscapularis.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the infraspinatus contributes to external rotation of the glenohumeral joint.
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how do all viruses differ from bacteria?
All viruses differ from bacteria in the sense that viruses cannot reproduce outside of a living host but bacteria can.
What are viruses and bacteria?Virus is a submicroscopic, non-cellular structure consisting of a genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat called capsid.
A bacterium cell, on the other hand, is a single celled organism with cell walls but no nucleus or organelles.
A virus requires a living host cell to replicate while a bacterium can replicate itself irrespective of a living host.
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really need help on this asap
giving out 15 points :)
Explanation:
1 chemical reaction endothermic
2 physical change. exothermic
3 chemical reaction endothermic
Answer:
1. Chemical reaction | Endothermic
2. Physical change | Exothermic
3. Chemical reaction | Endothermic
Explanation:
• Chemical reaction or Physical change?
A chemical reaction occurs when one or more substances converted into one or more different substances; they are usually irreversible.
A physical change occurs when the state of matter, or any other physical property, of a substance changes; they are usually reversible.
• Endothermic or Exothermic?
An endothermic reaction or change is one in which the system takes in thermal energy.
An exothermic change is where thermal energy is given out by the system.
which factor will mostly likely decrease biodiversity? complex population interactions introduced species increased energy availability narrower niches
The factor that mostly likely decrease biodiversity in a ecosystem is narrower niches because narrower niches does not give way for various organisms to inhabit .
What is biodiversity?Biodiversity refer to various or different kind of plants and animals present in the environment and their role in their habitat
Therefore, The factor that mostly likely decrease biodiversity is narrower niches
because narrower niches does not give way for various organisms to inhabit.
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In the case of sickle cell anemia, the slight alterations in the DNA of red blood cells lead to a. defects in the membranes of these cells. b. changes in the structure of the protein hemoglobin. c. poor use of glucose for energy. d. inability of the cells to make protein.
The slight alterations in the DNA of red blood cells lead to changes in the structure of the protein hemoglobin.
What is sickle cell anemia?Sickle cell anemia refers to a defect in the red blood cells in which abnormal hemoglobin is present in the red blood cells resulting in the inability of the red blood cells to efficiently transport oxygen to the tissues.
This is due to a mutation in the gene coding for hemoglobin production.
The red blood cells have a sickle shape.
Therefore, the slight alterations in the DNA of red blood cells lead to changes in the structure of the protein hemoglobin.
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Which phrase used by the president was specifically chosen to convince the public to support the war?
“facts of yesterday”
“unprovoked and dastardly attack”
“have already formed their opinions”
“a state of war has existed”
The phrase used by the president was specifically chosen to convince the public to support the war is “unprovoked and dastardly attack”. Thus, option "B" is correct.
How, support your answer?President Roosevelt was in office when Pearl Harbor happened, and it was the perfect occasion that the government of the United States needed to enter a war that was clearly being won by the Germans and Japanese, they had already taken decisions prior to this to help the allies, but they couldn´t directly send troops when the bombings on Pearl Harbor took place, and since the USA had never provoked, attacked or done anything to upset Japan, they were now able to declare war on Japan an its allies.
Thus, option "B" is correct.
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Answer:
B
Explanation:
Did the assignment
During the nitrogen cycle, through which structure are nitrogen compounds first absorb into the plant?.
Answer:
Plants take up nitrogen compounds through their roots. Animals obtain these compounds when they eat the plants. When plants and animals die or when animals excrete wastes, the nitrogen compounds in the organic matter re-enter the soil where they are broken down by microorganisms, known as decomposers
Answer:
the
Explanation:
