Answer:
Here are some considerations for when to use a questionnaire, interview guide, or both:
Questionnaire:
Questionnaires are best suited for collecting data from a large sample size.
They can be distributed electronically or in print, and participants can complete them at their convenience.
Questionnaires are useful when the research topic is well-defined and requires standardized data collection.
Interview Guide:
An interview guide is best suited for collecting data from a small sample size.
They provide more detailed and nuanced data, as they allow for follow-up questions and probes.
Interview guides are useful when the research topic is complex and requires in-depth exploration.
Both:
A combination of both methods can be useful when the research topic requires a mixed-methods approach.
The questionnaire can be used to collect standardized data from a large sample, and the interview guide can be used to explore specific themes in greater depth with a smaller sample.
In conclusion, the decision to use a questionnaire, interview guide, or both depends on the research question, the sample size, and the level of detail required in the data. Researchers should carefully consider these factors and choose the method or combination of methods that is best suited for their research.
Explanation:
Which of the following is not a responsibility of local government 
Where are the options?
Selena wrote a popular blog for a well-known cooking magazine. She used the success of her blog to write her own series of books and create a companion line of food products.
Which factor of production below does Selena illustrate?
According to the question, Selena illustrates Entrepreneurship, which is one of the factor of productions.
In the scenario, For a renowned cookery magazine, Selena contributed to a well-read blog. She wrote her own series of books and developed a companion line of culinary goods using the popularity of her blog as inspiration. This is an example of Entrepreneurship.
Hence, Selena is an Entrepreneur.
Entrepreneurship?Entrepreneurship is the capacity and willingness to create, plan, and manage a business enterprise—along with all of its uncertainties—in order to turn a profit. The creation of new firms is the most well-known example of entrepreneurship.
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Which quantity represent the social optimum for this market?
Quantity that represent the social optimum for this market is Q3 (Option C)
What is social optimum quantity?The optimal amount of a public item is found when the supply (marginal cost) curve crosses the demand (marginal benefit) curve. The government employs cost-benefit analysis to determine whether or not to supply a certain product. If MB is more than MC, a public good is under allocated.
The quantity of pollution that society would choose if all of the costs and benefits of pollution were properly accounted for is known as the socially optimum quantity of pollution.
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The following table represents the Human Resource Development (HRD) international and local trends. Select three from the list and one should be local and answer the questions that follow: International trends Globalisation Strategic HRD and talent management Electronic, mobile, and social learning Management and leadership development Performance consulting Career and performance management Proactive needs identification Training design Evaluation of training Employment equity and diversity training Learning organisation Local trends Training legislation ETD Practices HR and L&D standards 1. Critically review any of the two international trends and one local trend.(30) 2. Formulate the HRD strategy that you can apply to these trends. (15) 3. Critically analyse the readiness of South African organisations to adapt to
The 11 topics include: Globalization, Strategic HRD and Talent Management, Electronic mobile and social learning, Management and leadership development, Performance counseling, Career and Performance management, Proactive learning needs identification, Learning design, Evaluation of training, Employment equity and diversity training and Learning organization.
Globalization is companies are forced to approach their business activities with an more external focus. Strategy drives execution and that is essentially the relationship between talent management and human resources management. Talent management strategy informs and dictates the decisions and actions taken by the human resources department and its individual team members within their roles. Leadership and management development are about enabling the future governance and stewardship of the organization. Therefore organizations need to forge their own agenda, and dictate fitting values, structure, program content, measurements and processes. Performance Counseling refers to the help provided by a manager to his subordinates in objectively analyzing their performance.
The role of the HRD professional includes planning formal and. informal career development strategies, providing coaching and mentoring. training to organization leaders and employees, and selecting and obtain- ing technological resources to manage these processes. Well-designed career. Learning Design is the framework that supports learning experiences. It refers to deliberate choices about what, when, where and how to teach.
Training evaluation is the systematic process of collecting information and using that information to improve your training. DEI training supports employees in understanding how best to work with other people. A learning organization can be defined as any organization that prioritizes personal and professional growth through knowledge transfer.
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The roots of Gogo Inflight Internet services go back to 1991, when the company, then called Aircell, developed technology for in-flight phone services. In 2006, the company made a major change in strategy when it secured a 10-year license through the Federal Communications Commission for in-flight Internet services. The majority of U.S. airlines use Gogo for in-flight Wi-Fi services.
Though Gogo offered airline passengers in-flight Internet options, the planes using air-to-ground technology still experienced significant lags and were unable to support the streaming of movies and other data-heavy applications. In 2016, Gogo announced the installation of 2Ku in an Aeromexico Boeing 737-800. Gogo’s newest technology dramatically increased speed and coverage, enabling not only streaming but also “gate-to-gate” coverage, allowing passengers to maintain seamless Internet coverage in airports and within connecting flights. As of 2019, 2Ku had been installed in over 600 aircraft, and Gogo listed a backlog of 1,400 other planes.
After raising $187 million in a June 2013 IPO, underwritten by Wall Street heavy hitters such as Morgan Stanley, JPMorgan, and UBS, Gogo hit the market at $17 per share. The price of the stock fell quickly over the following months, bottoming out at just over $10, but then recovered and hit a high of almost $33 in December. The stock has had a rocky journey, sharing in the enormous impact of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic on the travel industry. In mid-2020, its shares were trading at an anemic $2.21.
Though Gogo saw a surge in sales with the expansion of its 2Ku network, it has seen those sales decline in a critical period when even the most robust travel-related industries are experiencing major contraction. At the end of 2019, Gogo was already running short of cash, having used up the proceeds from its 2013 public offering to invest in the 2Ku initiative and further endangering its already precarious market position. Gogo is certainly poised to be part of the packages that airlines have already begun to offer travelers in mid-2020 to tempt them back to the skies, but it’s hard to tell if Gogo will be able to recoup its losses and achieve its badly needed turnaround.
17-29. Given the risk, what would motivate an investor to purchase stock in Gogo?
Investors may be motivated to buy Gogo stock based on the company's potential for growth and profitability in the long term, taking into account factors such as demand for in-flight Wi-Fi, its established position in the industry, successful 2Ku technology, and partnerships with major airlines.
Given the risks associated with Gogo, an investor may still be motivated to purchase stock in the company based on their assessment of its long-term potential for growth and profitability. Factors that may influence an investor's decision include the potential for increased demand for in-flight Wi-Fi services, particularly as travel resumes after the COVID-19 pandemic; the company's established position as a major provider of in-flight Wi-Fi services to U.S. airlines; and the success of its 2Ku technology, which has shown significant improvement in speed and coverage over previous technology.
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A number of sentences are given below which, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a letter. Choose the most logical order of sentences from among the four given choices to construct a coherent paragraph. (A) Realists believe that there is an objective reality out there independent of ourselves. (B) This reality exists solely by virtue of how the world is, and it is in principle discoverable by application of the methods of science. (C) They believe in the possibility of determining whether or not a theory is indeed really true or false. (D) I think it is fair to say that this is the position to which most working scientists subscribe. (a) ABCD (b) CDBA (c) DCBA
Answer:
The most logical order of the given sentences is: (c) DCBA.
Explanation:
Sentence (c) introduces the realists' belief in the possibility of determining the truth or falsehood of a theory. Sentence (D) supports this view by stating that most working scientists subscribe to this position. Sentence (B) then elaborates on how this is possible, by stating that reality exists independently of ourselves and is discoverable through the methods of science. Finally, sentence (A) provides a brief summary of the realists' position. Therefore, the correct order is DCBA.
mookie the beagle concierge makes a payment on the visa credit card
The balance of the VISA Credit Card account after the credit card payment is recorded is $0.00. This is because the payment of $800.00 was recorded, thus bringing the balance down to zero.
What is Credit Card?A credit card is a payment card issued to users (cardholders) to enable the cardholder to pay a merchant for goods and services based on the cardholder's promise to the card issuer to pay them for the amounts plus the other agreed charges. The card issuer (usually a bank) creates a revolving account and grants a line of credit to the cardholder, from which the cardholder can borrow money for payment to a merchant or as a cash advance. A credit card is different from a debit card, which is linked to the cardholder's bank account, and money is withdrawn from the account to pay for goods and services. Credit cards are also different from charge cards, which require the balance to be paid in full each month.
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Complete Question:
EM6.11 Pay Credit Card
Mookie the Beagle Concierge makes a payment on the VISA credit card on 01/31/2023 in the amount of $800.
Required:
To record the payment on the VISA credit card:
From the Navigation Bar, select Expenses > select Expenses tab
From the New transaction drop-down menu, select Pay down credit card
For Which credit card did you pay?, select 2100 VISA Credit Card
For How much did you pay?, enter 800.00
For Date of payment, enter 01/31/2023
For What did you use to make this payment?, select 1001 Checking
Select Save and close
What is the balance of the VISA Credit Card account after the credit card payment is recorded?
Note: Answer this question in the table shown below. Round your answer to the nearest dollar amount.
a company has a total assets of br 180000 if it is capital is less than its liability by 75%.
Answer:
w
Explanation:w
answer this problem please
Assessments that match what is important to a person with a career are called C. Value Assessments.
Assessments that match a person's unique traits to a career are called d. Personality tests.
The statement that Skills Assessment should always be followed is D. False - Skills assessments may tell you what skills you have today but not what skills you will be able to learn.
What are assessments ?Value assessments are designed to identify and assess an individual's values, beliefs, and attitudes towards work and life. These assessments help individuals gain a better understanding of what is most important to them in a career and what they want to achieve in life.
Value assessments can also help individuals make decisions about career transitions, job changes, or education and training opportunities. By gaining a better understanding of their values and preferences, individuals can make more informed decisions about their careers and personal lives.
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f the inflation rate was 2.60% and the nominal interest rate was 8.00% over the last year, what was the real rate of interest over the last year? Disregard cross-product terms; that is, if averaging is required, use the arithmetic average. Round intermediate calculations to four decimal places.
If the inflation rate was 2.60% and the nominal interest rate was 8.00% over the last year, the real rate of interest over the last year was 5.40%.
How to solve for the real rate of interestTo calculate the real rate of interest, we need to subtract the inflation rate from the nominal interest rate.
Real interest rate = Nominal interest rate - Inflation rate
Real interest rate = 8.00% - 2.60%
Real interest rate = 5.40%
Therefore, the real rate of interest over the last year was 5.40%.
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The design specifications for the thickness of a component are 5.2cm ± 0.9cm. The process that makes this component produces it with an average thickness of 5.2cm and a standard deviation of 0.3cm.
1) What is LSL? What is USL?
2) What is the yield rate of this process?
3) What is Cp of this process?
4) Is this 3-sigma process or 6-sigma process?
5) Suppose there were some improvements in the old process and the standard deviation becomes 0.15cm instead of 0.3cm. Is this 3-sigma process or 6-sigma process?
LSL (Lower Specification Limit) = 4.3cm, USL (Upper Specification Limit) = 6.1cm, Yield Rate = 1.33, Cp = 1.33,
The answer to the design specifications1) LSL (Lower Specification Limit) = 5.2cm - 0.9cm = 4.3cm
USL (Upper Specification Limit) = 5.2cm + 0.9cm = 6.1cm
2) The yield rate of this process can be calculated using the following formula:
Yield Rate = (USL - LSL) / (6 x Standard Deviation)
Yield Rate = (6.1cm - 4.3cm) / (6 x 0.3cm) = 1.33
3)Cp (Process Capability Index) can be calculated using the following formula:
Cp = (USL - LSL) / (6 x Standard Deviation)
Cp = (6.1cm - 4.3cm) / (6 x 0.3cm) = 1.33
4) This is a 6-sigma process because the specification limits are defined as ± 0.9cm, which is 6 times the standard deviation of the process.
5) If the standard deviation becomes 0.15cm instead of 0.3cm, the new process would be a 6-sigma process because the specification limits remain unchanged at ± 0.9cm, which is still 6 times the standard deviation of the process.
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What is my dalily limit
Answer:
Explanation: of what
A machine that cost $740,000has an estimated residual value of $20,000 and an estimated useful life of eight years. The company uses straight-line depreciation. Calculate its book value at the end of year 7.
Answer:
The depreciable cost of the machine is:
$740,000 - $20,000 = $720,000
Since the company uses straight-line depreciation, the annual depreciation expense is:
$720,000 ÷ 8 years = $90,000 per year
So, after 7 years, the accumulated depreciation would be:
$90,000 × 7 = $630,000
At the end of year 7 would be:
$740,000 - $630,000 = $110,000
Therefore, the machine's book value at the end of year 7 is $110,000.
A country has a comparative advantage in trade when it :
A country has a comparative advantage in trade when it can produce a particular good or service at a lower opportunity cost than another country. This means that for every unit of a good or service produced, the country gives up producing fewer units of another good or service than the other country would have to give up. By specializing in the production of goods and services in which they have a comparative advantage, countries can increase their economic efficiency and overall output, and can benefit from trade with other countries.
Discuss how you will use the "8-Step process to critical thinking" in your personal and professional life. Provide examples to support your answers.
Note that the essential use of the "8-Step process to critical thinking" in ones professional and personal life are to solve problems and make life easier.
How is this so?
The capacity to assess data and create an opinion is referred to as critical thinking. It's an example of emotional intelligence. When the occasion calls for it, someone with critical thinking abilities can think clearly and reasonably. It enables them to solve problems and make decisions more effectively.
Critical thinkers are critical, open-minded, value fairness, value evidence and reasoning, value clarity and accuracy, consider alternative points of view, and will modify their beliefs when logic leads them to do so.
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Stock control at Saiko
Pousands
4
700
5
600
500
400
300
200
100
Figure 1 Stock-control diagram for Saiko
Trading Ltd
Max
stock
Re-order
[20 marks, 30 minutes]
1 What factors may have determined the size of the
maximum inventory level?
2 What size of order was received at the end of
January?
3 In weeks, what was the lead time between
ordering goods in March and receiving them?
Suggest why inventories fell to zero in April.
Bur
stocks
Discuss the problems Saiko Trading Ltd might
experience from the pattern of inventory usage
shown by the chart.
[
[
Answer: 3
Explanation: 1
Question 1 (5 marks) Maximum word count: 100 words Due to an increased advertising effort about the positive effect of activated charcoal in beauty products, consumers in South Africa are eager to buy beauty products that contain this ingredient. Explain how this will affect the market for activated charcoal. You are allowed to use a diagram to explain your answer, but you will only be allocated marks for the correct verbal explanation?
The increased demand for beauty products containing activated charcoal in South Africa will lead to a shift in the market for activated charcoal, as the demand for the ingredient increases.
What is the consequences of this?As a result, the supply curve will shift to the left, reflecting a decrease in supply, as suppliers attempt to keep up with the higher demand. This shift will cause an increase in price, shown by a movement up the demand curve, as consumers compete to purchase the limited amount of activated charcoal available.
This increase in price may encourage other suppliers to enter the market, increasing the supply of activated charcoal and eventually stabilizing the market.
[Diagram: A standard supply and demand diagram with the supply curve shifted to the left, causing an increase in price and a movement up the demand curve.]
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jaycel runs a business selling kitchen products and buys from credit supplier, zelah. zelah allows jaycel a trade discount of 10% on the list price of orders over $5,000 and also offer a 2% cash discount if payment is made within 10 days. the following transactions took place between jaycel and zelah during the month of july 2022. jul 20 2022 balance b/d 1500c credit supplier jul 1 balance due to zelah $1,500. biz original 3 jaycel purchased goods from zelah, list price $2,600. 3312 required (a) 15 jaycel paid amount owing to zelah to date using her personal cheque. b12 20 jaycel purchased goods from zelah, list price $6,200. 812 22 jaycel returned goods to zelah, list price $700. these goods were purchased on 20 july 2022. 28 jaycel paid the balance on zelah's account by bank transfer. (b) jul 5 dr inventory 2600 (1) (ii) (trade payables-zelah 2600 trade payable-zelah prepare the account for zelah in the books of jaycel for the month of july 2022. slam the b12. name the source documents for the transactions on the following dates. 20 july 2022 22 july 2022 [6] [2]
The balance in banking and accounting refers to the amount owed (or due) on an account. In accounting, the term "balance" refers to the difference between the total of debit entries and the total of credit entries made into an account for a certain financial period.
Balance: a tool used to compare the weights of two objects in order to calculate their relative differences in mass (or weight), typically for scientific purposes.
Balance can be classified as symmetrical, asymmetrical, or radial. The human figure in this illustration is balanced and symmetrical; it is identical on the left and right sides of a central axis.
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ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTORS Municubu St Port Moresby PO Box 101 Port Moresby Telephone 21 7100 Facsimile 21 3180 Morobe Electrical Morobe Avenue Lae DATE 1994 DETAILS 1 Aug 14 Aug Statement LTD. DEBIT Balance Invoice No K38/897 13 Aug Cheque No 208546 20 Aug Credit Note No 120 Invoice No K38/921 27 Aug The armount now due is the last figure in the Balance column. 19 100 Date: 31 AUG 1994 3.700 CREDIT 2 550 380 BALANCE K2 550 K21 650 K19 100 K18 720 K22 420
The sample letter that shows the summary of your statement with Electrical Distributors for August 1994 is given below:
The LetterSubject: Electrical Distributors - Statement Summary (Aug 1994)
Dear Sir/Madam,
Please find a summary of your statement with Electrical Distributors for August 1994 below:
Invoice No. K38/897 (1st Aug) - K2,550
Cheque No. 208546 (13th Aug) - K21,650 (Debit)
Credit Note No. 120 (20th Aug) - K19,100 (Credit)
Invoice No. K38/921 (27th Aug) - K18,720
Outstanding balance: K22,420
Payment is due immediately. Kindly settle your account at your earliest convenience.
Thank you,
Electrical Distributors
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Effective first time managers volunteer for special projects.
O True
O False
Answer:
I believe False
Explanation:
Why? Because not everyone has the same skill, fast learning/thinking, it is there own decision.(I think Im saying another answer as to yours)
Government Administration Workers often attend hearings with politicians in order to do which of the following?
A. take notes on points they need to researchB. analyze the speakers for any discrepancies or false informationC. give input on the general public's opinion
A company pays off a $200 liability taken out to purchase equipment using a
business line of credit. Which of the following should be included in this
transaction?
A. a $200 debit to Accounts Receivable
B. a $200 credit to Cash
C. a $200 debit to Equipment
D. a $200 credit to Accounts Payable
A $200 credit to Cash, should be included in transaction for a $200 liability taken out to purchase equipment using a business line of credit. The correct answer is B.
When a liability taken out to purchase equipment using a business line of credit is paid off, the company would decrease its liability account and decrease its cash account. The entry for this transaction would be a credit of $200 to the cash account, and a debit of $200 to the liability account (Accounts Payable or Notes Payable, depending on the type of liability). None of the other accounts mentioned in the options (Accounts Receivable or Equipment) are affected by this transaction, and therefore should not be included in the entry. The correct answer is B.
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Answer:
B
Explanation:
juat finshed my exam and got it right
Suppose you have the following market demand and supply functions: =20−1.5 =5+0.5 If this market is a competitive market, find equilibrium price and quantity. If this is a monopoly, find price, quantity, deadweight loss and new producer surplus.
If the market is monopolized, the equilibrium price and output are determined by comparing the monopolist's marginal revenue and marginal cost curves.
How Does Competitive Equilibrium Occur?Competitive equilibrium refers to the situation in which producers and consumers in competitive markets with freely determined prices reach an equilibrium price. Quantities provided and required are equal at this price, which is the equilibrium price.
What is the equation for the equilibrium quantity, price, and example?You will set the quantity demanded (Qd) equal to a amount provided (Qs) and solve for price using the equilibrium pricing formula, which is based on demand and The supply quantities (P).
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Question:-
Suppose you have the following market demand and supply functions: =20−1.5 =5+0.5 If this market is a competitive market, find equilibrium price and quantity.?
Academic Vocabulary
What is meant by a confederation?
Under what theory might the court in this case make an exception to the limited liability of shareholders and hold Sharp personally liable for the damages? What factors would be relevant to the court's decision?
If it could be demonstrated that Sharp did not have adequate separation from the corporation and that it was actually his alter ego, the principle of breaching the corporate veil would allow for Sharp to be held personally accountable for the damages.
"Piercing the corporate veil" is a scenario in which courts disregard the concept of limited liability and hold shareholders or directors of a business personally accountable for the company's acts or obligations. Most veil piercings occur in small businesses. By separating the internal section of the sheet metal, piercing is a form of shearing operation that produces an open hole. The extracted metal is used as strap and discarded.
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A comparative balance sheet and income statement is shown for Cruz, Incorporated.
CRUZ, INCORPORATED
Comparative Balance Sheets
At December 31 2021 2020
Assets
Cash $ 63,600 $ 15,900
Accounts receivable, net 27,400 33,700
Inventory 57,400 63,300
Prepaid expenses 3,500 2,900
Total current assets 151,900 115,800
Furniture 70,500 82,200
Accumulated depreciation—Furniture (10,900) (6,200)
Total assets $ 211,500 $ 191,800
Liabilities and Equity
Accounts payable $ 10,000 $ 14,100
Wages payable 6,000 3,300
Income taxes payable 1,000 1,800
Total current liabilities 17,000 19,200
Notes payable (long-term) 20,700 47,800
Total liabilities 37,700 67,000
Equity
Common stock, $5 par value 153,600 124,000
Retained earnings 20,200 800
Total liabilities and equity $ 211,500 $ 191,800
CRUZ, INCORPORATED
Income Statement
For Year Ended December 31, 2021
Sales $ 328,400
Cost of goods sold 211,300
Gross profit 117,100
Operating expenses (excluding depreciation) 60,000
Depreciation expense 25,300
Income before taxes 31,800
Income taxes expense 11,600
Net income $ 20,200
Required:
Use the indirect method to prepare the operating activities section of Cruz’s statement of cash flows.
Add: Decrease in inventory $6,300
Less: Increase in prepaid expenses -$700
Less: Decrease in accounts payable -$4,100
How to solveCash Flows From Operating Activities Section of Cash Flow Statement:
Particulars Amount Amount
Cash flow from operating activities:
Net income $20,400
Adjustments to reconcile Net income to operating cash flow
Income statement items not affecting cash:
Add: Depreciation expenses $25,400
Changes in current operating assets and liabilities
Add: Decrease in accounts receivable $6,500
Add: Decrease in inventory $6,300
Less: Increase in prepaid expenses -$700
Less: Decrease in accounts payable -$4,100
Add: Increase in wages payable $2,700
Less: Decrease in income tax payable -$800 $9,900
Net cash Provided by (Used for) Operating Activities $55,700
*Decrease in current liabilities and Increase in current assets other than cash is deducted from Net Income.
*Increase in current liabilities and Decrease in current assets other than cash is added to Net Income.
*Non cash & Non operating expenses are added to Net income.
*Non cash & Non operating income are deducted from Net income.
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The CEO wants the design team to present a comprehensive feasibility report of this product to the firm's investment committee chaired by you, an experienced product manager. After the committee's approval, the CEO will approve the product's full production. The feasibility report must include all the estimates of revenues, related costs, and acceptable documentation. You have started collecting the required information to prepare a comprehensive feasibility report.
Using the marketing department survey report, you prepared the following Table 1.
Table 1: Forecasted Unit Sales and expected Price of Smart Help
Year Forecasted Unit Sales Expected Unit Price ($)
1 32,000 1,050
2 33,000 950
3 30,500 950
4 28,500 800
5 25,000 750
6 22,500 650
Using the data supplied by the marketing department, you prepared Table 1, presenting the forecasted unit sales of the product over its expected economic life of six years. Table 1 also shows the expected unit's selling price. Due to expected competitive pressure, the marketing department had indicated that prices would drop in later years. It is also the market phenomenon that market players (competitors) start producing similar products after some time. The project followed five years of MACRS rates for depreciation, as shown in Table 2 given below. Note that the first year of depreciation using the MACRS rates would start from Year 0, not Year 1.
Table 2: MACRS Depreciation Rates
The cost of equipment required for production was estimated to be $20 million. The equipment was expected to be sold at a market price of $5.5 million after six years. It was indicated that the product's manufacturing would occur in an existing unoccupied company plant. The market survey revealed that monthly leases for similar plants averaged $7,000 in the market. The variable costs of production per unit were estimated to be $550. The expected fixed costs were $12,500,000 annually. To start the project, the company would need additional inventory of $350,000, increase account receivables and payables by $750,000 and $600,000, respectively. In the subsequent years, it is expected that the company's net working capital would make up to 6% of the sales. The average cost of capital, after tax of the company is 14 per cent. It was estimated that the corporate tax would remain constant at 35%. You found that the annual interest expenses on debt financing were worth $330,000.
1) Prepare the NPV profile graph, clearly showing the IRR point using relevant discount rates. Does there appear to be a problem of multiple IRRs? Show excel working (3 Marks)
2) Forecasting future cash flows involves a high degree of uncertainty. Financial analysts often resort to sensitivity analysis, scenario analysis, simulation analysis and decision-tree analysis to obtain a better understanding of how errors in forecasting could affect the viability of a project. As such the investment committee could argue that the annual unit sold may go up or down by 25 per cent from its base forecast. How may these two scenarios affect the decision? (2 Marks)
1) To prepare the NPV profile graph, we need to first calculate the net present value (NPV) of the project for different discount rates.Year 0:
Initial Investment = $20,000,000 + $350,000 + $750,000 - $600,000 = $20,500,000
Annual Cash Flows = -$20,500,000
Year 1:
Annual Cash Flows = ($1,050 - $550) x 32,000 - $12,500,000 - $4,000,000 x 0.2 - $330,000 x 0.35 = $7,935,000
Year 2:
Annual Cash Flows = ($950 - $550) x 33,000 - $12,500,000 - $3,200,000 x 0.32 - $330,000 x 0.35 = $10,338,000
Year 3:
Annual Cash Flows = ($950 - $550) x 30,500 - $12,500,000 - $1,920,000 x 0.19 - $330,000 x 0.35 = $9,396,550
Year 4:
Annual Cash Flows = ($800 - $550) x 28,500 - $12,500,000 - $1,152,000 x 0.12 - $330,000 x 0.35 = $6,452,500
Year 5:
Annual Cash Flows = ($750 - $550) x 25,000 - $12,500,000 - $691,200 x 0.07 - $330,000 x 0.35 = $3,538,750
Year 6:
Terminal Value = $5,500,000
Annual Cash Flows = $5,500,000 - $691,200 x 0.07 - $330,000 x 0.35 = $4,227,500
2) If the investment committee argues that the annual unit sales may go up or down by 25% from its base forecast, Annual Cash Flows = ($1,050 x 1.25 - $550) x 32,000 x 1.25 - $12,500,000 - $4,000,000 x 0.2 - $330,000 x 0.
Using the data provided, we can calculate the annual cash flows for the six years of the project's life. These annual cash flows are then discounted to their present values using the company's cost of capital, which is given as 14%.
We can prepare two scenarios - one with the unit sales going up by 25%, and the other with the unit sales going down by 25%. For each scenario, we can recalculate the annual cash flows and NPV of the project, and determine whether the project remains viable under these scenarios.
Using Excel, we can calculate the NPV of the project for discount rates ranging from 5% to 25%. This data can then be plotted on a graph, with the NPV on the y-axis and the discount rate on the x-axis. The resulting graph will show the NPV profile of the project, and we can determine the internal rate of return (IRR) by finding the discount rate that intersects the x-axis at a value of zero.
It is important to note that there does not appear to be a problem of multiple IRRs, as the project has a consistent pattern of cash flows and a clear sign change in the NPV as the discount rate is varied.
If the project's NPV remains positive under both scenarios, then it can be considered robust to changes in unit sales. However, if the NPV becomes negative under one or both scenarios, then the investment committee may need to reconsider the project's viability and potential risk. Sensitivity analysis, simulation analysis, and decision-tree analysis could also be used to further analyze the project's risk and potential outcomes under different scenarios. Annual Cash Flows = ($1,050 x 1.25 - $550) x 32,000 x 1.25 - $12,500,000 - $4,000,000 x 0.2 - $330,000 x 0.
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module 3 forecasting and contracts summary
This module is a simulation game in which players choose which contracts to pursue and change their receiving, manufacturing, and shipping divisions to optimize profit and efficiency. Forecasting help to know which contracts to chose or enforce.
What is forecasting?Forecasting is the practice of creating predictions based on evidence from the past and present. These can then be compared to what really occurs.
For example, a corporation may forecast its sales for the coming year and then compare it to the actual results. Prediction is a related but broader phrase.
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Full Question:
Module 3: Forecasting and Contracts
In this module, players choose which contracts to pursue, and optimize their receiving, production, and shipping departments accordingly
Select and research a company that is having financial difficulties or is on the brink of bankruptcy.
Which of the following was later found to be unconstitutional in the early days of the farm bills?
reducing production of crops
planting soil-building crops
establishing food reserves
taxing food processors to pay for price supports
In the early days of the farm bills, taxing food processors to pay for price supports was found to be unconstitutional.
Early days of the farm billsInitially, it was determined that imposing taxes on food processors to account for cost subsidies was unconstitutional.
During this time, the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 developed a system to assist the commodity industry financially by collecting tax money from processors and then distributing those funds to farmers in order to regulate crop production.
Despite its achievement, the Supreme Court eventually concluded in United States v. Butler (1936) that this general taxation was unlawful as it reigned over states' rights to agricultural control, determined by the 10th Amendment of the US Constitution. As such, Congress had to search for alternate sources to provide financial aid for agriculatural prices, including generic taxes or borrowed funds.
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