A cholecystectomy should be performed urgently for this diabetic patient with RUQ pain, gallbladder stones, and air in the gallbladder wall due to the high risk of complications and the presence of emphysematous cholecystitis.
The decision to perform a cholecystectomy depends on the severity of the patient's condition and their overall health. In this case, the patient is diabetic, has RUQ pain, and gallbladder stones with air in the gallbladder wall, which indicates a potentially serious condition called emphysematous cholecystitis.
A cholecystectomy should be performed as soon as possible in this situation due to the following reasons:
1. The patient is diabetic, which puts them at higher risk for complications and infections.
2. The presence of RUQ pain suggests that the gallbladder stones are causing significant discomfort and inflammation.
3. Air in the gallbladder wall is a sign of emphysematous cholecystitis, a severe and potentially life-threatening form of acute cholecystitis that requires urgent surgical intervention.
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Define reports:
A) Oral, written, or audiotaped exchanges between caregivers.
B) Summary of xrays, MRI and Sonograms done on patient.
C) Documentation of all activity patient has had previously for current condition.
D) Review of all patients for cause trending.
The options given are all examples of medical records. Medical records are an important aspect of healthcare that allow healthcare providers to document a patient's medical history, including diagnoses, treatments, and test results.
Here are some additional points about each of the options:
A) Oral, written, or audiotaped exchanges between caregivers: This refers to communication between healthcare providers regarding a patient's care. This can include conversations between physicians, nurses, and other healthcare professionals. Effective communication is important to ensure that all providers are aware of the patient's condition and treatment plan.
B) Summary of x-rays, MRI and sonograms done on patient: This refers to documentation of any imaging tests that a patient has undergone. These records are important for tracking the progression of a condition or injury, as well as for monitoring the effectiveness of treatments.
C) Documentation of all activity patient has had previously for current condition: This refers to a patient's medical history, including any previous diagnoses, treatments, surgeries, and hospitalizations. A patient's medical history can provide valuable information for current healthcare providers in developing an appropriate treatment plan.
D) Review of all patients for cause trending: This refers to analyzing medical records to identify patterns or trends in diagnoses, treatments, or outcomes. This information can be used to improve patient care and identify areas for quality improvement.
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what is the axillary sheath derived from?what does the axillary sheath contain?
The axillary sheath is derived from the deep cervical fascia. It contains the axillary artery, axillary vein, and brachial plexus.
The axillary sheath is a fibrous structure that is derived from the deep cervical fascia. It is located in the axilla, which is the area beneath the shoulder joint. The axillary sheath contains three important structures: the axillary artery, the axillary vein, and the brachial plexus.
The axillary artery is a large blood vessel that supplies blood to the upper arm, while the axillary vein is responsible for draining blood from the upper limb. The brachial plexus is a network of nerves that innervate the muscles and skin of the upper limb.
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A 2-year-old returns from surgery after a bowel resection as a result of Hirschsprung disease. A temporary colostomy is in place. Which immediate postoperative nursing intervention would have priority?
The immediate postoperative nursing intervention that would have priority for a 2-year-old who has undergone bowel resection for Hirschsprung disease with a temporary colostomy is pain management.
Pain management is essential to ensure the comfort and well-being of the child and promote healing. As pain can also lead to physiological changes such as increased heart rate and blood pressure, adequate pain control is also necessary to prevent complications.
Pain management can involve the use of pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches, such as administering analgesic medications, applying ice or heat to the affected area, and providing distraction techniques. The nurse should assess and reassess the child's pain levels, administer medication as ordered, and monitor for any adverse effects of the medication.
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What nerve innervates the skin of the dorsum of the foot?What nerve innervates the quarter sized area between the 1st and 2nd toe?
The nerve that innervates the skin of the dorsum of the foot is the superficial peroneal (fibular) nerve. The nerve that innervates the quarter-sized area between the 1st and 2nd toe is the deep peroneal (fibular) nerve.
The nerve that innervates the skin of the dorsum of the foot is the superficial peroneal (fibular) nerve. This nerve originates from the common peroneal nerve, which is a branch of the sciatic nerve. The superficial peroneal nerve provides sensory innervation to the majority of the skin on the dorsal aspect of the foot, as well as the anterolateral part of the lower leg.
The nerve that innervates the quarter-sized area between the 1st and 2nd toe is the deep peroneal (fibular) nerve. This nerve also arises from the common peroneal nerve and travels along the anterior compartment of the lower leg.
The deep peroneal nerve is primarily responsible for motor innervation to the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg, which aid in foot dorsiflexion and toe extension. However, it also provides sensory innervation to the skin between the 1st and 2nd toe, specifically through the web space between them.
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Amoxicillin oral suspension is stable in a refrigerator for how many days after reconstitution?
Answer:
10
Explanation:
What level of review by an institutional review board (IRB) should be undertaken for a study in which subjects participate in interviews about their lived experience f being a nurse?
The level of review by an Institutional Review Board (IRB) for a study in which subjects participate in interviews about their lived experience of being a nurse would depend on the specific context and potential risks involved in the research.
Generally, studies that involve minimal risk to participants, such as interviews about personal experiences, may be eligible for an expedited review by the IRB. This type of review is typically conducted by a designated member of the IRB, rather than the full board.
However, if the study involves vulnerable populations, sensitive topics, or any potential risks to participants such as the risk of psychological distress or breach of confidentiality, a full review by the IRB may be required. The full review would involve a careful evaluation.
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what may be injured during femoral hernia repair?
During femoral hernia repair, the surrounding tissues and structures may be injured, including the femoral nerve, lymphatic vessels, and blood vessels.
Treatment and repair of femoral hernia:
Treatment for any injury sustained during hernia repair may include pain management, physical therapy, and in some cases, additional surgery to repair or replace damaged structures. During a femoral hernia repair, the structures that may be injured include the femoral vein, femoral artery, and femoral nerve. These injuries can occur due to the proximity of these structures to the hernia site. Proper surgical technique and care are essential to minimize the risk of injury during the treatment of a femoral hernia.
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■ Family-centered care is a method designed to meet the emotional, social, and developmental needs of children and families needing health care.
True, Family-centered care is a philosophy and approach to healthcare that recognizes the central role of families in the care of children with medical needs.
It aims to create a partnership between healthcare professionals and families to address the physical, emotional, social, and developmental needs of the child and family.
This approach involves respecting the family's cultural beliefs, preferences, and strengths and providing them with the necessary support and education to participate actively in the child's care. Family-centered care can improve patient outcomes, increase family satisfaction, and reduce healthcare costs.
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The question is -
True or False, Family-centered care is a method designed to meet the emotional, social, and developmental needs of children and families needing health care.
a client who is receiving radiation therapy for bone cancer lives alone and works full time. which action woudl the nurse encourage? hesi
The nurse would suggest includes rest periods during the day while receiving radiation, option 3 is correct.
The nurse should encourage the client to incorporate rest periods throughout the day while receiving radiation therapy, as this treatment can be physically and emotionally exhausting. Radiation therapy can cause fatigue, and the client may need to adjust their usual routine to allow for extra rest and relaxation.
The nurse may suggest the client take short breaks during the workday or schedule a nap or relaxation period after treatment sessions. The nurse may also suggest the client consult with a physical therapist or oncology rehabilitation specialist to design a safe and effective exercise program, option 3 is correct.
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The complete question is:
A client who is receiving radiation therapy for bone cancer lives alone and works full-time. What should the nurse encourage this client to do?
1. Perform regularly scheduled aerobic activity daily.
2. Take a leave of absence from work when receiving therapy.
3. Include rest periods during the day while receiving radiation.
4. Continue the activities usually performed before becoming ill
a client is prescribed alfuzosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph). what should the nurse teach the client?
The teaching that the nurse should provide the client who is prescribed Alfuzosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is: (b) Rise slowly from a supine position.
BPH is an age-related health condition where the prostate enlarges inside the body of males. The prostate is a gland which synthesized semen. It is located below the bladder and can cause difficulty in urination when enlarges.
Supine position is the one where a person lies on his or her back. The head, neck, and spine are in a neutral position. When a person suffering from BPH is prescribed Alfuzosin, it may cause lightheadedness and dizziness. Therefore rising up slowly from supine position is recommended to avoid any harm.
Therefore, the correct answer is option b.
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The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:
A client is prescribed Alfuzosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). What should the nurse teach the client?
a) A dry cough is an expected side effect.
b) Rise slowly from a supine position.
c) Restrict fluid intake while taking this medication.
d) Contact the healthcare provider if pulse rate falls below 70/bpm.
When charging,what do you choose if rounds for the patient were routine?
If rounds for the patient were routine, then the charge would likely be standard or predetermined based on the patient's condition and the services provided during the round.
What should be done if the rounds of patients are routine?
1. Consult your medical billing guide or system to identify the specific billing code associated with routine care or services.
2. Double-check the patient's medical record to ensure that the care provided was indeed routine.
3. Enter the identified billing code into the billing system or claim form.
4. Review your submission for accuracy and completeness before submitting it for reimbursement.
By selecting the appropriate charge for routine patient care, you ensure accurate billing and documentation.
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Behind the atlanto-axial (C1-C2) joint, the C2 nerve is found in the ____-________ _________
Behind the atlantoaxial (C1-C2) joint, the C2 nerve is found in the suboccipital triangle. The atlantoaxial joint is a biaxial, pivot joint type of synovial joint. This joint is located between the first and second cervical vertebrae in the top region of the neck.
The suboccipital muscles are a set of four muscles located in the back of the neck, just below the occipital bone. The rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis superior, and obliquus capitis inferior are the four muscles. The muscles provide postural support for the head and neck and allow for neck extension and rotation. The suboccipital nerve, which is generated from the dorsal ramus of C1, innervates the muscles. The suboccipital triangle, formed by three of the four muscles, is a frequent anatomic marker that locates the vertebral artery and suboccipital nerve. To minimize life-threatening bleeding, this landmark is especially crucial for surgeons operating in the posterior cervical region. The vertebral artery winds its way behind the suboccipital muscles, releasing branches that nourish the suboccipital muscles.
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cardiac amyloidodis, most likely finding on EKG?
The most likely finding of cardiac amyloidosis on the EKG is the low QRS voltage.
Cardiac amyloidosis is the condition where the normal heart muscle is replaced by amyloid deposits. This destroys the normal functioning of the heart. The symptoms of this condition include fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, dizziness, etc.
EKG stands for electrocardiogram. It can also be abbreviated as ECG. It is used to check the electrical activity of the heart. The electrical activity is depicted in the forms of a graph. The graph consists of a P wave (atrial depolarization), QRS wave (ventricular depolarization) and a T wave (ventricular repolarization).
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Cervical Spine: UVJ- new findings in research suggest that the uncovertebral joints are NOT potential pain generators in the cervical spine
- (True/False)
The given statement, "Cervical Spine: UVJ--New findings in research suggest that the uncovertebral joints (UVJ) are NOT potential pain generators in the cervical spine," is false because recent research has shown that the uncovertebral joints can indeed be potential pain generators in the cervical spine. These joints may contribute to neck pain, radiculopathy, and other cervical spine-related issues.
While there is some controversy regarding the role of uncovertebral joints (UVJ) in cervical spine pain, recent research suggests that these joints can be a potential source of pain in the neck. In fact, a 2020 study published in the Journal of Orthopaedic Research found that UVJ hypertrophy (enlargement) was significantly associated with chronic neck pain in patients with cervical spondylosis.
However, it's important to note that not all cases of neck pain are caused by UVJ issues, and a comprehensive evaluation by a healthcare professional is needed to determine the underlying cause of neck pain.
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the client is a 34 years old and has recently started taking theophylline. the nurse knows that medication teaching has been successful when the client agrees to what activity?
The medication teaching has been successful when the client agrees to avoid caffeine intake.
Theophylline is a medication used to treat respiratory disorders such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). One of the important things to teach a client who is taking theophylline is to avoid caffeine intake, as caffeine can increase the risk of side effects associated with the medication, such as palpitations, nervousness, and insomnia.
By avoiding caffeine, the client can reduce the risk of experiencing unwanted side effects associated with the medication. It is essential for nurses to provide comprehensive medication teaching to promote safe and effective use of medications by clients
Therefore, if the client agrees to avoid caffeine intake after receiving medication teaching, it can be considered as a sign of successful teaching.
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A patient presents to initiate warfarin. He is post MI with high risk for left ventricular thromboembolism. What is the therapeutic range for his INR?
a) 1.0 - 2.0
b) 2.0 - 3.0
c) 1.5 - 4.0
d) 2.5 - 3.0
e) 2.5 - 4.5
The therapeutic range for INR in a patient initiating warfarin therapy post-MI with a high risk for left ventricular thromboembolism is 2.0 - 3.0
The correct option is :- (B)
Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication used to prevent blood clots in patients at risk of thromboembolic events, such as those with a history of myocardial infarction (MI).
The international normalized ratio (INR) is a laboratory test used to monitor the effectiveness and safety of warfarin therapy.
For patients with a history of MI who are at high risk for left ventricular thromboembolism, the recommended therapeutic range for the INR is generally between 2.0 and 3.0.
This range is associated with a reduced risk of thromboembolic events while minimizing the risk of bleeding complications.
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when creating a claim in simchart for the medical office, which tab is used to enter the services provided to the patient?
The "Encounter" tab is used to enter the services provided to the patient when creating a claim in SimChart for the Medical Office.
SimChart for the Medical Office is a web-based electronic health record (EHR) simulation software designed for healthcare professionals to learn and practice their skills in clinical documentation and medical coding. When creating a claim, the "Encounter" tab is used to document the services provided to the patient during the visit.
This includes information such as the date and time of the encounter, the type of service provided (e.g., office visit, laboratory test, imaging study), the diagnoses or symptoms addressed during the encounter, and any procedures or treatments performed. Accurate and comprehensive documentation in the Encounter tab is essential for generating a valid claim that reflects the services provided and enables the healthcare provider to receive appropriate reimbursement for their services.
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And then how do you communicate to the nurse what the parameters were of the titration?
When it comes to communicating the parameters of the titration to the nurse, it is important to give a detailed and clear explanation. The first step would be to explain the starting dose of the medication, as well as any increments that were made during the titration process. It is important to emphasize the reason for the titration, whether it was to achieve a therapeutic effect or to minimize adverse effects.
Additionally, it is crucial to mention any signs or symptoms that were monitored during the titration, such as blood pressure or heart rate. The nurse should also be informed about any adverse effects that were observed during the titration process and how they were managed. Furthermore, it is important to provide the nurse with information regarding the next steps in the patient's treatment plan and any follow-up that may be required.
In summary, when communicating the parameters of the titration to the nurse, it is essential to provide a detailed explanation of the medication dosage, increments, reason for titration, signs and symptoms monitored, adverse effects, and follow-up plan. This information will ensure that the nurse has a complete understanding of the patient's medication regimen and can provide the best possible care.
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which reason would the nurse document as nonadherence for the client not adhering to the prescribed antibiotic therapy? hesi
The nurse would document nonadherence for the client not adhering to the prescribed antibiotic therapy if the client fails to take the medication as prescribed or discontinues the medication before the full course of treatment is completed.
Nonadherence is a term used to describe the failure of a patient to follow the recommended or prescribed treatment plan. In the case of antibiotic therapy, nonadherence may occur if the client does not take the medication as prescribed or stops taking it before completing the full course of treatment.
This can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, a worsening of symptoms, and other complications. It is important for the nurse to document nonadherence to ensure that the healthcare team is aware of the situation and can take appropriate action to address it.
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What is the shortcut to entering a date of two days from today?
To enter a date of two days from today, you can use a shortcut by typing "+2" in the date field. This will automatically calculate the date for you. It is important to keep accurate records of dates in healthcare, so this shortcut can save time and ensure accuracy in documentation.
Steps to enter a date of two days from today using a shortcut:
1. Open the healthcare records system you are using.
2. Locate the date field where you want to enter the date.
3. Click on the date field to activate it.
4. Type the following formula (in most spreadsheet applications, like Excel): `=TODAY()+2`
5. Press Enter or Return to apply the formula.
This shortcut will automatically calculate the date two days from today and enter it into the specified date field in your healthcare records system.
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Choose the best mechanical ventilation strategy for a patient with severe pulmonary edema.
- Tv = 10 ml/kg and RR = 16
- Tv = 6 ml/kg and RR = 8
- Tv = 6 ml/kg and RR = 16
- Tv = 10 ml/kg and RR = 8
The best mechanical ventilation strategy for a patient with severe pulmonary edema is "Tv = 6 ml/kg and RR = 16".
In a patient with severe pulmonary edema, a low tidal volume ventilation strategy is recommended to reduce the risk of further lung injury and to minimize barotrauma. The best mechanical ventilation strategy among the options provided would be Tv = 6 ml/kg and RR = 16. This approach ensures that the patient receives adequate ventilation while minimizing the risk of further lung injury.
A higher tidal volume can increase the risk of lung injury, while a lower respiratory rate may result in inadequate ventilation and hypoxia. Therefore, the most appropriate mechanical ventilation strategy for a patient with severe pulmonary edema would be to use a low tidal volume ventilation strategy with a respiratory rate that maintains appropriate minute ventilation and oxygenation. It is important to note that the specific ventilator settings should be individualized based on the patient's clinical status, underlying condition, and response to therapy.
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A nurse is teaching a women's group about ovarian cancer. Which client is at the highest risk for this disease?
Many nurses in clinical settings base nursing interventions on information obtained from _____
Many nurses in clinical settings base nursing interventions on information obtained from patient assessments.
Patient assessments are a critical aspect of nursing care, and they involve collecting information about a patient's physical, psychological, social, and spiritual health status. Nurses use various assessment techniques such as observing, interviewing, and performing physical examinations to gather data and identify patient needs.
Based on this information, nurses develop and implement care plans that are tailored to the individual patient's needs. Nursing interventions may include administering medications, providing wound care, assisting with activities of daily living, monitoring vital signs, and providing emotional support. Nurses also evaluate the effectiveness of their interventions and modify care plans as needed.
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Preventable medical errors within the professional pharmacy practices occur during
Preventable medical errors within professional pharmacy practices occur during various stages, such as medication prescribing, dispensing, and administration. These errors can be minimized by implementing proper communication, thorough documentation, and adherence to standardized protocols.
Preventable medical errors can occur within professional pharmacy practices, particularly when medication orders are misinterpreted or prescribed improperly. These errors can have serious consequences for patients, including adverse reactions, hospitalizations, or even death. inappropriate diagnosis, prescribing errors, dose miscalculations, poor drug distribution practices, drug and drug device-related difficulties, inappropriate drug administration, failed communication, and a lack of patient education are all common causes of medication error. Incorrectly administered medication is one of the leading causes of therapeutic medication errors. The number of patient deaths caused by medication errors has risen from 198,000 in 1995 to 218,000 in 2000. To prevent these types of errors, pharmacists must adhere to strict protocols and procedures, carefully review medication orders, and maintain open communication with healthcare providers to ensure safe and effective medication practices.
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femoral neck fractures are commonly seen in?
Femoral neck fractures are commonly seen in older adults, particularly those over the age of 65.
Thus, in femoral neck, which is a narrow part of the thigh bone connecting the hip joint get weaken with age as there is a decrease in bone density and bone structure. Femoral neck fractures commonly occur in old adults due to prolonged use of medications such as corticosteroids or a sedentary lifestyle.
Older adults are more likely to fall due to imbalance which can also be the cause of femoral neck fractures. Common symptoms include hip pain, difficulty in motion of hip joint, etc. Surgery or physiotherapy can be used to cure the femoral neck fractures.
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the maxillary tooth which normally least prpendicular to the plane of occlusion is the...
The maxillary tooth which is normally least perpendicular to the plane of occlusion is the maxillary first premolar.
The plane of occlusion is an imaginary plane that represents the average occlusal surfaces of the teeth when the jaws are closed. In a normal occlusion, the maxillary teeth should be approximately perpendicular to this plane. However, due to variations in tooth morphology and position, some teeth may deviate from this perpendicular orientation.
Among the maxillary teeth, the maxillary first premolar is typically the tooth that is least perpendicular to the plane of occlusion. This is because the long axis of the tooth is often tilted slightly mesially (toward the midline of the mouth), which causes the occlusal surface to be angled slightly away from the plane of occlusion.
In summary, the maxillary first premolar is the tooth that is typically least perpendicular to the plane of occlusion due to its mesial tilt, which causes the occlusal surface to be angled slightly away from the plane of occlusion.
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more pain with ear pulling-- OE or OM?
More pain with ear pulling in both OE (outer ear) and OM (middle ear) can be indicative of inflammation.
What does pain with ear pulling mean?
More pain with ear pulling is typically associated with otitis externa (OE). Otitis externa, also known as swimmer's ear, is an inflammation of the external ear canal. Pulling or touching the ear can cause significant pain in cases of otitis externa.
Otitis media, on the other hand, is an inflammation of the middle ear and may not necessarily cause increased pain when the ear is pulled.
It is essential to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment. However, if the pain is more intense and accompanied by other symptoms such as fever or discharge, it may indicate an infection in the middle ear (OM). It is best to consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.
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Acute Mesenteric Ischemia - most important prognostic factor
The most important prognostic factor in acute mesenteric ischemia condition is the timely diagnosis and treatment.
Acute Mesenteric Ischemia is a serious medical condition caused by the obstruction of blood flow to the intestine.
In general, early diagnosis and treatment are critical for improving outcomes in patients with acute mesenteric ischemia. Delays in diagnosis and treatment can lead to bowel infarction, sepsis, and other life-threatening complications.
Other factors that may affect the prognosis of acute mesenteric ischemia include the age and overall health of the patient, the presence of underlying conditions such as diabetes or cardiovascular disease, and the ability to restore blood flow to the affected area.
Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can significantly improve the prognosis and increase the chances of a full recovery.
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You receive a prescription for crude coal tar ointment 33 g. You have vials that contain triamcinolone acetone suspension 40 mg/mL. What equipment do you need?
a) ointment tile
b) stirring rod
c) porcelain mortar and pestle
d) glass mortar and pestle
e) wood mortar and pestle
To mix the crude coal tar ointment and triamcinolone acetonide suspension, you will need:
a) Ointment tile: to measure and mix the ingredients
b) Stirring rod: to mix the ingredients thoroughly
c) Porcelain mortar and pestle or glass mortar and pestle: to grind and mix the ingredients
Option e) wood mortar and pestle is not recommended as it is porous and can absorb some of the medication, affecting its potency.
Therefore, it is important to use non-porous materials like porcelain or glass to avoid any interactions that can alter the effectiveness of the medication.
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Ten hours after total thyroidectomy, a patient is found to be obtunded and cyanotic. The patient's SpO2 is 70%. What is the MOST likely etiology of this clinical deterioration?
Acute hypocalcemia
Bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury
Postoperative hematoma
Tracheomalacia
The Most likely etiology of clinical deterioration in a patient who is obtunded and cyanotic with an SpO2 of 70% ten hours after total thyroidectomy is : Postoperative hematoma because can cause compression of the airway, leading to difficulty breathing and poor oxygenation.
Postoperative hematoma refers to the accumulation of blood in the surgical site after surgery, which can compress the airway and impede proper ventilation, leading to decreased oxygen saturation (SpO2), obtundation (a state of reduced alertness or consciousness), and cyanosis (bluish discoloration of the skin due to reduced oxygenation).
This can be a life-threatening complication that requires immediate intervention, such as airway management, hematoma evacuation, and correction of any associated hypovolemia or hypotension.
Other possible causes such as acute hypocalcemia, bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, or tracheomalacia could also cause respiratory distress, but postoperative hematoma is the most likely etiology in this scenario given the timing of the symptoms and the SpO2 level.
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