The reaction of 42.7 L of chlorine gas at STP with 50.0 g of aluminum produces 150.5 g of aluminum chloride.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between aluminum and chlorine gas is:
2Al + 3Cl₂ -> 2AlCl₃
To use this equation to calculate the grams of aluminum chloride produced, we need to convert the given volume of chlorine gas to moles using the ideal gas law:
n = PV/RT
At STP, the pressure (P) and temperature (T) are 1 atm and 273 K, respectively. The volume (V) is given as 42.7 L. The gas constant (R) is 0.08206 L atm K⁻¹ mol⁻¹ Plugging these values in, we get:
n = (1 atm * 42.7 L) / (0.08206 L atm K⁻¹ mol⁻¹ * 273 K) = 1.694 mol
Since the stoichiometry of the balanced equation is 2:3 (2 moles of aluminum react with 3 moles of chlorine gas to produce 2 moles of aluminum chloride), we need to calculate how many moles of aluminum are needed to react with 1.694 moles of chlorine gas:
2 mol Al / 3 mol Cl₂ * 1.694 mol Cl₂ = 1.129 mol Al
Finally, we can use the molar mass of aluminum chloride (133.34 g/mol) to calculate the grams of product:
1.129 mol AlCl₃ * 133.34 g/mol = 150.5 g AlCl₃
Therefore, 150.5 g of aluminum chloride would be produced from 42.7 L of chlorine gas at STP reacting with 50.0 g of aluminum.
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Environmental scientists can use a similar lab kit to test collected water samples from
bodies of water. In lakes and streams, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) causes alkalinity,
which allows it to function as a buffer, neutralizing any acid rain that may enter the
water supply. A buffer is a substance that serves to resist small changes in acidity or
alkalinity in a solution.
Environmental scientists monitoring pollution levels are measuring buffer levels in
two specific lakes. They found that Lake B had a greater ppm of calcium carbonate
than Lake A.
Which of the two lakes would be able to neutralize a greater amount of acid rain?
Explain your answer.
Lake B with a greater ppm of calcium carbonate would be able to neutralize a greater amount of acid rain.
Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) acts as a buffer in lakes and streams by neutralizing any acid rain that may enter the water supply. A buffer is a substance that serves to resist small changes in acidity or alkalinity in a solution. Environmental scientists monitoring pollution levels are measuring buffer levels in two specific lakes. They found that Lake B had a greater ppm of calcium carbonate than Lake A.
Since calcium carbonate causes alkalinity, which allows it to function as a buffer, neutralizing any acid rain that may enter the water supply, Lake B would be able to neutralize a greater amount of acid rain than Lake A because it has a greater ppm of calcium carbonate.
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If 2. 40 mol of carbon are exposed to 3. 10 mol of steam identify the limiting reactant? How many moles of each product are formed? SHOW WORK OR NO CREDIT!!
Limiting reactant in the given condition is Carbon, Moles of CO formed is 2.40 mol and moles of H2 formed is 2.40 mol
To determine the limiting reactant, we need to compare the amount of each reactant to their stoichiometric coefficients in the balanced chemical equation. The balanced equation for the reaction between carbon and steam is:
C (s) + H2O (g) → CO (g) + H2 (g)
The stoichiometric coefficients tell us that 1 mole of carbon reacts with 1 mole of steam to produce 1 mole of carbon monoxide and 1 mole of hydrogen gas.
So, for 2.40 moles of carbon, we need 2.40 moles of steam to react completely. However, we only have 3.10 moles of steam available, which means that steam is in excess and carbon is the limiting reactant.
To find the number of moles of products formed, we use the stoichiometric coefficients. Since carbon is the limiting reactant, we can use its amount to determine the theoretical yield of products.
From the balanced equation, 1 mole of carbon produces 1 mole of CO and 1 mole of H2. Therefore, 2.40 moles of carbon will produce 2.40 moles of CO and 2.40 moles of H2.
So, the answer to the question is:
Limiting reactant: Carbon
Moles of CO formed: 2.40 mol
Moles of H2 formed: 2.40 mol
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How many liters of H2O gas are produced when
7. 25 liters of C3H8 are
burned at STP?
C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O
At STP, 27.8 liters of H2O gas are produced when 7.25 liters of C3H8 are burned .
When 7.25 liters of C3H8 are burned at STP, according to the balanced chemical equation, 4 moles of H2O gas are produced for every 1 mole of C3H8.
First, we need to determine the number of moles of C3H8 in 7.25 liters. We can use the ideal gas law:
PV = nRT
Where P = pressure (STP = 1 atm), V = volume (7.25 L), n = number of moles, R = gas constant (0.0821 L atm/mol K), and T = temperature (STP = 273 K).
Solving for n:
n = PV/RT
n = (1 atm)(7.25 L)/(0.0821 L atm/mol K)(273 K)
n = 0.296 moles
Now we can use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to determine the number of moles of H2O produced:
1 mole C3H8 : 4 moles H2O
0.296 moles C3H8 x (4 moles H2O/1 mole C3H8) = 1.184 moles H2O
Finally, we can convert moles of H2O to liters of gas at STP using the same ideal gas law:
n = PV/RT
V = nRT/P
V = (1.184 mol)(0.0821 L atm/mol K)(273 K)/(1 atm)
V = 27.8 L
Therefore, 27.8 liters of H2O gas are produced when 7.25 liters of C3H8 are burned at STP.
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A gas has a pressure of 499.0 mm Hg at 50.0 °C. What is the
temperature at standard pressure (1 atm = 760 mmHg)?
The temperature of the gas at standard pressure is 219.02 °C.
What is the temperature of the gas at standard pressure (1 atm = 760 mmHg)?Gay-Lussac's law states that the pressure exerted by a given quantity of gas varies directly with the absolute temperature of the gas.
It is expressed as;
P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂
We know that the pressure (P1) is 499.0 mmHg at a temperature (T1) of 50.0°C. We want to find the temperature (T2) at standard pressure (P2 = 1 atm = 760 mmHg). We also know that the volume (V1) is constant, so we can write:
P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂
Solving for T2, we get:
T2 = (P2 × T1)/P1
T2 = (760 mmHg × 323.15 K)/499.0 mmHg
T2 = 492.172 K
Converting this temperature to °C, we get:
T2 = 492.172 K - 273.15
T2 = 219.02 °C
Therefore, the temperature is 219.02 °C.
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Answer:
492.17 K (2 d.p.) = 219.02 °C (2 d.p.)
Explanation:
To find the final pressure inside the steel tank, we can use Gay-Lussac's law since the volume is constant.
Gay-Lussac's law[tex]\boxed{\sf \dfrac{P_1}{T_1}=\dfrac{P_2}{T_2}}[/tex]
where:
P₁ is the initial pressure.T₁ is the initial temperature (in kelvins).P₂ is the final pressure.T₂ is the final temperature (in kelvins).As we are solving for the final temperature, rearrange the equation to isolate T₂:
[tex]\sf T_2=\dfrac{P_2T_1}{P_1}[/tex]
Convert the initial temperature from Celsius to Kelvin by adding 273.15:
[tex]\implies \sf T_1=50+273.15=323.15\;K[/tex]
The standard pressure is 1 atm = 760 mmHg.
Therefore, the values to substitute into the equation are:
P₁ = 499.00 mmHgT₁ = 323.15 KP₂ = 760 mmHgSubstitute the values into the equation and solve for T₂:
[tex]\implies \sf T_2=\dfrac{760 \cdot 323.15}{499}[/tex]
[tex]\implies \sf T_2=\dfrac{245594}{499}[/tex]
[tex]\implies \sf T_2=492.172344689...[/tex]
[tex]\implies \sf T_2=492.17\;K\;(2\;d.p.)[/tex]
Therefore, the temperature at standard pressure for a gas with a pressure of 499.0 mmHg at 50.0 °C is 492.17 K (or 219.02 °C).
For the reaction: n₂ + 3h₂ ⟶ 2nh₃
how many liters of ammonia (nh₃ ) will be produced from the reaction of 52 g hydrogen with an excess of nitrogen?
52 g of hydrogen will produce approximately 1154.75 liters of ammonia at STP.
To solve this problem, we need to use stoichiometry to determine the number of moles of ammonia produced from the given amount of hydrogen.
First, we can convert the mass of hydrogen to moles using its molar mass:
52 g H₂ x (1 mol H₂ ÷ 2.02 g H₂) = 25.74 mol H₂
Next, we can use the balanced chemical equation to determine the number of moles of ammonia produced per mole of hydrogen:
1 mol H₂ produces 2 mol NH₃
So, 25.74 mol H₂ will produce:
25.74 mol H₂ x (2 mol NH₃ ÷ 1 mol H₂) = 51.48 mol NH₃
Finally, we can use the ideal gas law to convert the number of moles of ammonia to its volume at standard temperature and pressure (STP):
51.48 mol NH₃ x (22.4 L/mol) = 1154.75 L NH₃
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Someone help me please
Answer: C
Explanation: When distinguishing between opinion and fact, it's important to pick out certain words or phrases.
EX 1: Apple's are healthy, but you shouldn't eat too many of them. Fact
EX 2: I don't think you should eat that banana, they don't taste good to me. Opinion
Try to say the sentence in your head as if you were talking to another person, and try to determine your answer that way.
Complex Ion Formation:Cu(NH3)42 Ecell, after adding 6 M NH3to the copper cell 0. 77V. Use the Nernst equation to calculate the concentration of that free copper (II) ion that is in equilibrium with the complexed copper (II) ion, Cu(NH3)42 in the solution. Does the calculated value for the [Cu2 ] make sense (look up the Kf for the formation of Cu(NH3)42 ) and rationalize your findings)
The concentration of free copper (II) ions in equilibrium with Cu(NH₃)₂ is 5.15 x 10⁻¹⁰ M.
1. Write the half-reaction for Cu²⁺ and Cu(NH₃)₂: Cu²⁺ + 2NH₃ ⇌ Cu(NH₃)₂²⁺
2. Use the Nernst equation: E = E° - (0.05916/n) * log(Q)
3. Rearrange for [Cu²⁺]: [Cu²⁺] = 10^((E° - E) * n / 0.05916)
4. Plug in the values: E° = 0.77V, E = 0, n = 2
5. Calculate [Cu²⁺]: [Cu²⁺] = 5.15 x 10⁻¹⁰ M
The calculated value for [Cu²⁺] makes sense, as the Kf for Cu(NH₃)₂ formation is large, indicating a strong complex formation and low [Cu²⁺] concentration.
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A drum used to transport crude oil has a volume of 162 L. How many grams of water, as steam, are required to fill the drum at 1. 00 atm and 1069°C? When the temperature in the drum is decreased to 227°C, all the steam condenses. How many mL of water (d = 1. 00 g/mL) can be collected?
When the steam condenses, we can collect 204.06 mL of water.
To answer this question, we need to use the ideal gas law equation, PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles of gas, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
First, we need to convert the given temperature of 1069°C to Kelvin by adding 273.15, giving us 1342.15 K. We can then calculate the number of moles of steam needed to fill the drum by rearranging the ideal gas law equation to solve for n: n = PV/RT.
Plugging in the given values, we get n = (1.00 atm)(162 L)/(0.08206 L·atm/mol·K)(1342.15 K) = 11.32 moles of steam.
To calculate the mass of water in grams, we can use the fact that 1 mole of water weighs 18.015 g. Thus, the mass of water needed to fill the drum as steam is 11.32 moles x 18.015 g/mol = 204.06 g.
When the temperature in the drum is decreased to 227°C, all the steam condenses back into water. The heat released by the steam is given off to the surroundings, and the water vapor loses energy and condenses to form liquid water. We can calculate the volume of water that is formed using the fact that 1 mL of water has a mass of 1.00 g.
Thus, the mass of the water that forms is 204.06 g, which is equivalent to 204.06 mL of water. Therefore, when the steam condenses, we can collect 204.06 mL of water.
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What volume of a 1.2M solution must be used to produce .5 L of a .7M solution?
Answer:
1,2million or meter
Explanation:
or 1 million until 7m
A truck weighs 7280 pounds. If the pressure exerted by its tires on the ground is 87. 5 pounds per square centimeter,what is the area of one tire that in contact with the road
The area of one tire in contact with the road is approximately 378 square centimeters.
To solve this problem, we need to use the formula:
Pressure = Force/Area
We can rearrange this formula to solve for the area:
Area = Force/Pressure
First, we need to convert the weight of the truck from pounds to newtons, since pressure is typically measured in newtons per square meter. We can use the conversion factor 1 pound = 4.44822 newtons.
Weight of truck = 7280 pounds x 4.44822 newtons/pound
Weight of truck = 32,355.26 newtons
Now we can plug in the values for force and pressure:
Area = 32,355.26 newtons / 87.5 pounds per square centimeter
To convert pounds per square centimeter to newtons per square meter, we need to use the conversion factor 1 pound per square centimeter = 98,066.5 newtons per square meter.
Area = 32,355.26 newtons / (87.5 pounds per square centimeter x 98,066.5 newtons per square meter per pound per square centimeter)
Area = 0.0378 square meters
Finally, we can convert square meters to square centimeters by multiplying by 10,000:
Area = 0.0378 square meters x 10,000 square centimeters per square meter
Area = 378 square centimeters
Therefore, the area of one tire in contact with the road is approximately 378 square centimeters.
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1. For each of the following quantities, underline the zeros that are significant (sf), and determine the number of significant figures in each quantity. For (d) to (1), express each in exponential notation first. (a) 0. 0030 L (b) 0. 1044 g (c) 53,069 ml (d) 0. 00004715 m (e) 57,600 s (f) 0. 0000007160 cm (g) 57600
0.0030 L - The significant figures are "3" and "0". There are two significant figures in this quantity.
0.1044 g - The significant figures are "1", "0", "4", and "4". There are four significant figures in this quantity.
53,069 mL - All digits are significant. There are five significant figures in this quantity.
0.00004715 m - In exponential notation, this is 4.715 x 10^-5 m. The significant figures are "4", "7", "1", and "5". There are four significant figures in this quantity.
57,600 s - The significant figures are "5", "7", and "6". There are three significant figures in this quantity.
0.0000007160 cm - In exponential notation, this is 7.160 x 10^-7 cm. The significant figures are "7", "1", "6", and "0". There are four significant figures in this quantity.
57600 - The significant figures are "5", "7", "6", and "0". There are three significant figures in this quantity.
Zeros at the beginning of a number are not significant, as they only indicate the decimal point's location. Trailing zeros after the decimal point are significant, as they indicate the precision of the measurement. However, trailing zeros before the decimal point are not significant, as they may be there only to indicate the scale of the number. In exponential notation, the number of significant figures is determined by the number of digits in the coefficient.
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Find the molarity of 4. 18 g MgCl2 in 500 mL of water
To find the molarity of 4.18 g MgCl2 in 500 mL of water, we first need to calculate the number of moles of MgCl2 present in the solution.
MgCl2 has a molar mass of 95.21 g/mol (Mg is 24.31 g/mol and Cl is 35.45 g/mol). Therefore, the number of moles of MgCl2 in 4.18 g is:
4.18 g / 95.21 g/mol = 0.04396 mol MgCl2
The solution's volume must then be changed from mL to L:
500 mL = 0.5 L
Finally, we can use the formula for molarity:
Molarity = moles of solute / volume of solution in liters
Molarity = 0.04396 mol / 0.5 L = 0.08792 M
Therefore, the molarity of 4.18 g MgCl2 in 500 mL of water is 0.08792 M.
What do you mean by molarity?
The number of moles of solute per liter of solution is known as molarity, which serves as a measurement of a solution's concentration. It is denoted by the symbol "M" and is expressed in units of moles per liter (mol/L).
Molarity is an important concept in chemistry, as it is used to measure the concentration of solutions in a variety of chemical reactions and processes. It is commonly used in stoichiometry calculations to determine the amount of reactants or products required in a chemical reaction, and is also used in titration experiments to determine the concentration of an unknown solution.
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Your shopping cart has a mass of 20 kg. If you push it with a force of 20 N, what is the acceleration of the cart?
Answer:
1000m/s^2
Explanation:
since F=ma
:a=m/F
Yo convert ur m from kg to g
20×1000
20000
a=20000\20
a=1000m/s^2
According to the following synthesis reaction determine how many grams of fe2o3 are formed when 16.7 g of fe reacts completely with excess o2. 4fe+3o2 —> fe2o3
23.88 grams of fe2o3 are formed when 16.7 g of fe reacts completely with excess o2.
According to the synthesis reaction 4Fe + 3O₂ → 2Fe₂O₃, we need to determine how many grams of Fe₂O₃ are formed when 16.7 g of Fe reacts completely with excess O₂.
Step 1: Determine the molar mass of Fe and Fe₂O₃.
Fe: 55.85 g/mol
Fe₂O₃: (2 × 55.85) + (3 × 16.00) = 159.69 g/mol
Step 2: Convert grams of Fe to moles of Fe.
moles of Fe = (16.7 g) / (55.85 g/mol) = 0.299 moles
Step 3: Use the stoichiometry of the reaction to determine moles of Fe₂O₃ produced.
The reaction shows that 4 moles of Fe produce 2 moles of Fe₂O₃. Therefore,
moles of Fe₂O₃ = (0.299 moles Fe) × (2 moles Fe₂O₃ / 4 moles Fe) = 0.1495 moles Fe₂O₃
Step 4: Convert moles of Fe₂O₃ to grams of Fe₂O₃.
grams of Fe₂O₃ = (0.1495 moles) × (159.69 g/mol) = 23.88 g
23.88 g of fe203 is formed.
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How many moles of aluminium are needed to react completely with 213 g CL2?
2.00 moles of aluminum are needed to react completely with 213 g of Cl₂.
How to get the number of molesPrior to calculating the moles of aluminum (Al) required for a complete reaction with 213 g chlorine gas (Cl₂), it is necessary to write and balance the Al and Cl₂ chemical equation:
2Al + 3Cl₂ → 2 AlCl₃.compute the quantity of Cl₂ in moles
molar mass of Cl₂
= 2 x atomic mass of Cl
= 2 x 35.45 g/mol
= 70.90 g/mol
To obtain moles of Cl₂ simply divide its mass by its molar weight as per this formula:
= 213 g / 70.90 g/mol = 3.00 mol.
moles of Al
= (moles of Cl₂ x 2) / 3
= (3.00 mol x 2) / 3
= 2.00 mol
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Nitrogen oxide (NO) has been found to be a key component in many biological processes. It also can react with oxygen to give the brown gas NO2. When one mole of NO reacts with oxygen, 57. 0 kJ of heat are evolved. What is ΔH when 8. 00 g of nitrogen oxide react?
NO(g) + ½O2(g) → NO2(g) ΔH = –57. 0 kJ
The enthalpy change when 8.00 g of nitrogen oxide react is -15.162 kJ for the given chemical reaction.
The molar mass of NO = 30.01 g/mol
8.00 g of NO = 8.00 g / 30.01 g/mol
8.00 g of NO = 0.266 mol of NO
Heat rejection = 57. 0 kJ
Here, 1 mole of NO reacts with 1/2 mole of Oxygen to produce 1 mole of [tex]NO_{2}[/tex]
The amount of Oxygen required for 0.266 mol of NO is calculated as:
The amount of Oxygen = 0.266 mol NO x (1/2) mol [tex]O_{2}[/tex] / 1 mol NO
The amount of Oxygen required = 0.133 mol [tex]O_{2}[/tex]
The heat reaction will be:
-57.0 kJ/mol x 0.266 mol NO = -15.162 kJ
Therefore, we can conclude that the enthalpy change is -15.162 kJ.
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A compound is made up of 94. 5 g of aluminum and 199. 5 g or fluorine. Determine the empirical formula of the compound.
HELPPPP
The empirical formula of a compound made up of 94.5 g of aluminum and 199.5 g of fluorine is AlF₃.
To determine the empirical formula of the compound, we need to first calculate the moles of each element present in the sample.
Moles of aluminum = 94.5 g / 26.98 g/mol = 3.50 mol
Moles of fluorine = 199.5 g / 18.99 g/mol = 10.51 mol
Next, we need to determine the smallest whole number ratio between these two values.
Dividing both values by 3.50, we get:
Moles of aluminum = 1
Moles of fluorine = 3
Therefore, the empirical formula of the compound is AlF₃.
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A 98. 5°C metal bolt is placed in a calorimeter of 23. 1°C water. Which way will the heat energy flow?
Hi! The heat energy will flow from the 98.5°C metal bolt to the 23.1°C water in the calorimeter.
This is because heat always flows from a higher temperature object to a lower temperature object until thermal equilibrium is reached.
This principle is known as the second law of thermodynamics or the law of heat transfer. It describes the natural tendency for heat to move from regions of higher temperature to regions of lower temperature.
Heat transfer occurs through three main mechanisms: conduction, convection, and radiation.
In the given scenario, conduction is the primary mechanism of heat transfer. When the hot metal bolt comes into contact with the water in the calorimeter, the thermal energy from the bolt is transferred to the water molecules in direct contact with it.
The water molecules gain kinetic energy and begin to vibrate more rapidly, thereby increasing their temperature. As a result, the metal bolt loses thermal energy, and its temperature decreases.
This transfer of heat will continue until the metal bolt and water reach thermal equilibrium, where both objects have the same temperature. At this point, the heat flow between them will cease, as there is no longer a temperature difference to drive the transfer of thermal energy.
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What is the coefficient in front of Cl₂, when this equation is balanced?
Zn +_Cl₂ → ZnCl₂
The coefficient in front of Cl₂ is 1, wen the equation is balanced
How to find the coefficientThe balanced chemical equation for the reaction between Zinc and Chlorine gas is:
Zn + Cl₂ → ZnCl₂
To balance this equation, we need to make sure that the number of atoms of each element is equal on both the reactant and product side of the equation.
In this case, there is one Zinc atom and two Chlorine atoms on the reactant side, and one Zinc atom and two Chlorine atoms on the product side. So, the equation is already balanced.
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Balance equation for 15 g of solid Mg reacts with 15 g of HCl and produce MgCl2 and H2
When 15 g of Mg reacts with 15 g of HCl, 19.6 g of MgCl₂ and 0.208 g mass of H₂ are produced.
The molar mass of Mg is 24.31 g/mol, and the molar mass of HCl is 36.46 g/mol. To determine the number of moles of each substance, we divide the given mass by its molar mass:
moles of Mg = 15 g ÷ 24.31 g/mol = 0.618 mol
moles of HCl = 15 g ÷ 36.46 g/mol = 0.411 mol
Determine the limiting reactant in the reaction by comparing the number of moles of each reactant:
Mg: 0.618 mol
HCl: 0.411 mol × (1 mol Mg ÷ 2 mol HCl) = 0.206 mol
Since HCl is the limiting reactant, it will be completely consumed in the reaction. The amount of MgCl₂ produced can be calculated as:
moles of MgCl₂ = moles of HCl = 0.206 mol
mass of MgCl₂ = moles of MgCl₂ × molar mass of MgCl₂
mass of MgCl₂ = 0.206 mol × 95.21 g/mol = 19.6 g
Similarly, the amount of H₂ produced can be calculated as:
moles of H₂ = moles of HCl × (1 mol H₂ ÷ 2 mol HCl)
moles of H₂ = 0.206 mol × (1 mol H₂ ÷ 2 mol HCl) = 0.103 mol
mass of H₂ = moles of H₂ × molar mass of H₂
mass of H₂ = 0.103 mol × 2.02 g/mol = 0.208 g
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Nicolaas' model demonstrates that and are primarily responsible for the movement of water on earth
Nicolaas' model is a scientific model that explains the movement of water on Earth. According to the model, the two primary factors responsible for the movement of water on Earth are evaporation and precipitation.
Evaporation occurs when water changes from a liquid to a gas state due to heat from the sun. This process results in the formation of water vapor that rises into the atmosphere. Precipitation occurs when water vapor condenses in the atmosphere and falls back to the surface as rain, snow, or hail. These two processes play a critical role in the water cycle, which is essential for the survival of life on Earth. Therefore, Nicolaas' model highlights the significance of evaporation and precipitation in the movement of water on Earth.
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Was the solubility of kno3 affected by the higher water temperature in the same way the solubility of nh4cl was? explain.
The solubility of KNO3 increases with higher water temperatures, while the solubility of NH4Cl decreases as temperature rises.
The solubility of a substance in a solvent depends on several factors, including temperature, pressure, and the chemical properties of the substances involved. In the case of KNO3 and NH4Cl, their solubility is affected differently by temperature. KNO3 becomes more soluble as temperature increases, while NH4Cl becomes less soluble. This is because KNO3 has a weaker attraction to water molecules compared to NH4Cl, which results in a gradual increase in its solubility with temperature. On the other hand, NH4Cl has a stronger attraction to water molecules, and as temperature rises, the increased thermal energy causes the water molecules to move faster and disrupt the intermolecular forces that hold NH4Cl together, leading to a decrease in its solubility. Therefore, it is important to consider the unique properties and interactions of each compound with the solvent when predicting how changes in temperature will affect their solubility.
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You need to prepare an acetate buffer of pH 5. 17
from a 0. 660 M
acetic acid solution and a 2. 63 M KOH
solution. If you have 930 mL
of the acetic acid solution, how many milliliters of the KOH
solution do you need to add to make a buffer of pH 5. 17
? The pa
of acetic acid is 4. 76. Be sure to use appropriate significant figures
The volume that is needed is 173 mL of KOH solution is needed to prepare this buffer.
The reaction between acetic acid (CH₃COOH) and KOH can be written as follows.
CH₃COOH + KOH -------------> CH₃COOK + H₂O
CH3COOH is a weak acid and CH₃COOK is its strong salt, therefore together they make a buffer system.
Let's say we add "x" moles of base KOH . Let's draw ICE table to find out moles at equilibrium
Initial moles of CH₃COOH are 0.654 mol/L * 625 mL * 1 L / 1000 mL = 0.40875 mol
CH3COOH KOH CH3COOK H2O
I 0.40875 x 0 -
C -x -x +x -
E 0.40875 - x 0 x
At equilibrium, we have 0.40875 - x moles of acid and x moles of its conjugate base.
Let's use Henderson Hasselbalch equation to solve for x.
pH = pKa + log ( base/ acid)
the required pH is 5.87 and pKa is given as 4.76
5.87 = 4.76 + log ( x / 0.40875 - x )
5.87 - 4.76 = log ( x / 0.40875 - x )
1.11 = log ( x / 0.40875 - x )
10¹°¹¹ = ( x / 0.40875 - x )
12.88 = x / 0.40875 - x
12.88 ( 0.40875 - x ) = x
5.266 - 12.88 x = x
5.266 = 13.88 x
x = 5.266 / 13.88
x = 0.379
From ICE table, we know that x is moles of KOH
Molarity of KOH is given as 2.19M
Molarity = moles of KOH / liters
2.19 = 0.379 / Liters
Liters of KOH = 0.379 / 2.19
Liters of KOH = 0.173 L
173 mL of KOH solution is needed to prepare this buffer.
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what would earth be like if vascular plants never developed
If the vascular plants never developed, the Earth would be drastically different. Vascular plants are responsible for much of the oxygen production on our planet, so the atmosphere would contain significantly less oxygen. Additionally, without the root systems of vascular plants, soil erosion would be much more prevalent and the landscape would likely be more barren.
The evolution of many animals, including insects and birds, would have been impacted as well, as many of these species rely on vascular plants for food and shelter. Overall, the absence of vascular plants would have a profound effect on the ecology and biodiversity of our planet.
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Limestone (CaCO;) is decomposed by heating to (quicklime (Ca) and carbon dioxide. Calculate how many grams of quicklime can be produced from 1.0 kg of limestone.
The mass (in grams) of quick lime, CaO that can be produced from the reaction is 560 g
How do i determine the mass of quick lime, CaO produced?First, we shall write the balanced equation for the reaction. This is given below:
CaCO₃ -> CaO + CO₂
Now, we shall obtain the mass of quick lime, CaO produced from the reaction can be obtain as illustrated below:
CaCO₃ -> CaO + CO₂
Molar mass of CaCO₃ = 100 g/molMass of CaCO₃ from the balanced equation = 1 × 100 = 100 g Molar mass of CaO = 56 g/molMass of CaO from the balanced equation = 1 × 56 = 56 gFrom the balanced equation above,
100 g of limestone, CaCO₃ decomposed to produce 56 g of quick lime, CaO
Therefore,
1 Kg (i.e 1000 g) of limestone, CaCO₃ will decompose to produce = (1000 × 56) / 100 = 560 g of quick lime, CaO
Thus, the mass of quick lime, CaO produced is 560 g
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How do tectonic events impact the flow of radiant energy
Tectonic events can impact the flow of radiant energy in various ways. One of the primary ways is through the formation of mountains and the alteration of landforms.
When tectonic plates collide and push against each other, they can form mountains, which can affect the flow of radiant energy. Mountains can block or redirect the flow of wind, which in turn can affect the amount of solar radiation that reaches the earth's surface.
They can also create changes in atmospheric pressure and temperature that impact the movement of air masses, which can affect the flow of radiant energy.
Tectonic events can also impact the flow of radiant energy by altering the composition of the atmosphere.
For example, volcanic eruptions can release large amounts of sulfur dioxide and other particles into the atmosphere, which can reflect and scatter incoming solar radiation, leading to cooling of the earth's surface.
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Can someone please answer?
The molarity of the sodium hydroxide, NaOH, needed to react with 15.7 mL of 0.700 M H₃PO₄, is 0.753 M
How do I determine the molarity of the NaOH needed?The molarity of the sodium hydroxide, NaOH, needed can be obtained as shown below:
3NaOH + H₃PO₄ —> Na₃PO₄ + 3H₂O
The mole ratio of NaOH (nB) = 3The mole ratio of H₃PO₄ (nA) = 1Volume of NaOH (Vb) = 43.8 mLVolume of H₃PO₄ (Va) = 15.7 mLMolarity of H₃PO₄ (Ma) = 0.700Molarity of NaOH (Mb) = ?MaVa / MbVb = nA / nB
(0.7 × 15.7) / (Mb × 43.8) = 1 / 3
Cross multiply
Mb × 43.8 = 0.7 × 15.7 × 3
Divide both side by 43.8
Mb = (0.7 × 15.7 × 3) / 43.8
Mb = 0.753 M
Thus, we can conclude that the molarity of the NaOH needed is 0.753 M
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If 28. 25mL of 1. 84M HCl(aq) was required to reach the equivalence point, calculate the
concentration of the CH3NH2(aq) solution of unknown concentration.
PLEASE HELP AND PROVIDE EQUATIONS AND WORK
The concentration of the [tex]CH3NH2[/tex] solution is 1.84 M.
The balanced equation for the reaction between [tex]HCl[/tex]and [tex]CH3NH2[/tex] is:
[tex]CH3NH2 + HCl → CH3NH3+Cl-[/tex]
From the equation, we can see that the acid and base react in a 1:1 molar ratio. Therefore, we can use the following equation to calculate the concentration of the [tex]CH3NH2[/tex]solution:
[tex]M(CH3NH2) x V(CH3NH2) = M(HCl) x V(HCl)[/tex]
where:
[tex]M(CH3NH2)[/tex]= concentration of [tex]CH3NH2[/tex] solution (unknown)
[tex]V(CH3NH2)[/tex] = volume of [tex]CH3NH2[/tex] solution used (unknown)
[tex]M(HCl)[/tex] = concentration of[tex]HCl[/tex]solution (1.84 M)
[tex]V(HCl)[/tex] = volume of [tex]HCl[/tex] solution used (28.25 mL or 0.02825 L)
Solving for [tex]M(CH3NH2)[/tex], we get:
[tex]M(CH3NH2) = (M(HCl) x V(HCl)) / V(CH3NH2)[/tex]
[tex]M(CH3NH2)[/tex] = (1.84 M x 0.02825 L) / 0.02825 L
[tex]M(CH3NH2)[/tex] = 1.84 M
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If a piece of aluminum that is 3.90 g and at 99.3°C is dropped into 10.0 g of water at 22.6°C, the final temperature is 28.6°C. What is the specific heat capacity of aluminum?
To solve for the specific heat capacity of aluminum, we can use the formula:
q = m × c × ΔT, Where q is the heat transferred, m is the mass, c is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
First, we need to calculate the heat transferred from the aluminum to the water:
q = mAl × cAl × ΔTAl
q = (3.90 g) × cAl × (28.6°C - 99.3°C)
q = -978 J
Note that we get a negative value for q because heat is transferred from the aluminum to the water, so the aluminum loses heat.
Next, we can calculate the heat gained by the water:
q = mwater × cwater × ΔTwater
q = (10.0 g) × cw × (28.6°C - 22.6°C)
q = 240 J
Setting these two equations equal to each other, we can solve for the specific heat capacity of aluminum:
mAl × cAl × ΔTAl = mwater × cwater × ΔTwater
cAl = (mwater × cw × ΔTwater) / (mAl × ΔTAl)
cAl = (10.0 g) × (4.184 J/g·°C) × (28.6°C - 22.6°C) / [(3.90 g) × (99.3°C - 28.6°C)]
cAl = 0.900 J/g·°C
Therefore, the specific heat capacity of aluminum is 0.900 J/g·°C.
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How many moles are in a sample having 9. 3541 x 10^13 particles?
The sample has approximately 0.000155 moles.
To determine the number of moles in a sample of a substance given the number of particles, we need to use Avogadro's number, which states that there are[tex]6.022 x 10^23[/tex] particles in one mole of a substance.
Using this conversion factor, we can calculate the number of moles in the sample as follows:
[tex]9.3541 x 10^13[/tex]particles x 1 mole / [tex]6.022 x 10^23[/tex] particles ≈ 0.000155 moles
Therefore, the sample has approximately 0.000155 moles.
It's important to note that the number of particles in a sample does not depend on the substance's molar mass or atomic weight, but rather on the number of atoms, molecules, or ions present in the sample. Knowing the number of moles in a sample can be useful in determining other properties of the substance, such as its mass or volume.
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