charging method .Constant current method​

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

There are three common methods of charging a battery; constant voltage, constant current and a combination of constant voltage/constant current with or without a smart charging circuit.

Constant voltage allows the full current of the charger to flow into the battery until the power supply reaches its pre-set voltage.  The current will then taper down to a minimum value once that voltage level is reached.  The battery can be left connected to the charger until ready for use and will remain at that “float voltage”, trickle charging to compensate for normal battery self-discharge.

Constant current is a simple form of charging batteries, with the current level set at approximately 10% of the maximum battery rating.  Charge times are relatively long with the disadvantage that the battery may overheat if it is over-charged, leading to premature battery replacement.  This method is suitable for Ni-MH type of batteries.  The battery must be disconnected, or a timer function used once charged.

Constant voltage / constant current (CVCC) is a combination of the above two methods.  The charger limits the amount of current to a pre-set level until the battery reaches a pre-set voltage level.  The current then reduces as the battery becomes fully charged.  The lead acid battery uses the constant current constant voltage (CC/CV) charge method. A regulated current raises the terminal voltage until the upper charge voltage limit is reached, at which point the current drops due to saturation.


Related Questions

Consider an infinite lattice with coordination number z in which every site is occupied by a molecule. (As a reminder, the coordination number is the number of neighbors each site has). Each molecule can be in one of two states: an 'up' state, and a 'down' state. A system interacts only with adjancet particles that share its state (i.e. ups interact with ups and downs interact with downs). Each interaction of this kind contributes an interaction energy of -epsilon to the system's energy. Using a mean-field approach, compute the following. (a) The fraction of molecules in the up state as a function of reduced temperature kT/(epsilon*z) (b) The mean energy per site as a function of reduced temperature. Here are some hints. In doing this, you will want to use the perturbation (mean field) approach retaining only F0 and F1. To obtain F0, just compute the entropy of the lattice in the absence of interactions. To obtain F1, compute the energy that is then introduced to the system by the attractions, using the configurational probabilities from the reference (noninteracting state). For this second part, you will have to use the idea I introduced in class that in a non-interacting lattice the site probability is just given by a mole fraction. When you determine the fraction of molecules in the up state, the easiest way will be to use the criterion that F is at a minimum at equilibrium, i.e. dF/dX = 0. In this case, you will want to minimize with respect to the fraction of up or down sites. This equation will require some numerical solution near the end. Note also that below some temperature, there should be two solutions to this minimization, in terms of two possible equilibrium values of the mole fraction of up sites (or down sites). This leads to the final part of this problem: (c) Determine the reduced temperature below which two different fractions of 'up' molecules are possible at the same temperature.

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i am just questing to point a ok ok ok this might not be right

engineering infrastructure decay, who is to be blamed?​

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President Donald Trump is expected to discuss infrastructure in his State of the Union address on Tuesday, but how exactly he plans to do so is unclear.

The Washington Post reports that White House press secretary Sarah Sanders told CNN on Tuesday that infrastructure could be an area of compromise for Democrats and Republicans, but according to The Wall Street Journal, Trump Administration officials pushed for the removal of a call for Congress to pass Trump’s infrastructure plan from an early draft of his State of the Union address.

Trump reportedly "hates" major parts of the infrastructure plan he unveiled in 2018, which proposed $200 billion in federal funding designed to finance new projects and repairs while incentivizing private investment.

No matter what Trump says about infrastructure during his State of the Union address, one thing is clear: America's infrastructure is in dire need of repairs.

According to the American Society of Civil Engineers' 2017 Infrastructure Report Card, which is published every four years, US infrastructure gets a D+ grade. It got the same grade in 2013.

The ASCE estimates the US needs to spend some $4.5 trillion by 2025 to improve the state of the country's roads, bridges, dams, airports, schools, and more.

The report breaks down the state of infrastructure in 16 different categories. Here's a look at each category's final grade, according to the organization.

resources: https://www.businessinsider.com/asce-gives-us-infrastructure-a-d-2017-3#aviation-d-1

Technician A says that when removing a hubless-style drum, you should first make matching marks on the drum and hub for reinstallation in the correct position.

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Answer:

gawain sa pagkatuto bilang 2 balikan ang awiting bayan ko sa pahina 15 hanapin ang mga simbolong pangmusika sa awiting guhit ang mga nakita mong simbolong pangmusika sa iyong kwaderno

The B-pillar may also be called the:

Answers

Answer:

if you're talking about the car b-post, the answer is "posts"

Explanation:

looked it up

Describe how plant weathering changed the shape of the rock

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Answer: Plants and animals can be agents of mechanical weathering. The seed of a tree may sprout in soil that has collected in a cracked rock. As the roots grow, they widen the cracks, eventually breaking the rock into pieces. Over time, trees can break apart even large rocks.

I searched it, hope it helps! Have a great day!

Determine the real roots of f (x) = −0.6x2 + 2.4x + 5.5:(a) Graphically.(b) Using the quadratic formula.(c) Using three iterations of the bisection method to determinethe highest root. Employ initial guesses of xl = 5 and xu = 10.Compute the estimated error εa and the true error εt after eachiteration.

Answers

The three methods used to find the real roots of the function are,

graphically, the quadratic formula, and by iteration.

The correct vales are;

(a) Graphically, the roots obtained are; x ≈ -1.629, and 5.629

(b) Using the quadratic formula, the real roots of the given function are; x ≈ -1.62589, x ≈ 5.62859

(c) Using three iterations, we have; the bracket is [tex]x_l[/tex] = 5.625, and [tex]x_u[/tex] = 6.25

Reasons:

The given function is presented as follows;

f(x) = -0.6·x² + 2.4·x + 5.5

(a) The graph of the function is plotted on MS Excel, with increments in the

x-values of 0.01, to obtain the approximation of the x-intercepts which are

the real roots as follows;

[tex]\begin{array}{|c|cc|}x&&f(x)\\-1.63&&-0.00614\\-1.62&&0.03736\\5.62&&0.03736 \\5.63&&-0.00614\end{array}\right][/tex]

Checking for the approximation of x-value of the intercept, we have;

[tex]x = -1.63 + \dfrac{0 - (-0.00614)}{0.0376 - (-0.00614)} \times (-1.62-(-1.63)) \approx -1.629[/tex]

Therefore, based on the similarity of the values at the intercepts, the x-

values (real roots of the function) at the x-intercepts (y = 0) are;

x ≈ -1.629, and 5.629

(b) The real roots of the quadratic equation are found using the quadratic

formula as follows;

The quadratic formula for finding the roots of the quadratic equation

presented in the form f(x) = a·x² + b·x + c, is given as follows;

[tex]x = \mathbf{ \dfrac{-b\pm \sqrt{b^{2}-4\cdot a\cdot c}}{2\cdot a}}[/tex]

Comparison to the given function, f(x) = -0.6·x² + 2.4·x + 5.5, gives;

a = -0.6, b = 2.4, and c = 5.5

Therefore, we get;

[tex]x = \dfrac{-2.4\pm \sqrt{2.4^{2}-4\times (-0.6)\times 5.5}}{2\times (-0.6)} = \dfrac{-2.4\pm\sqrt{18.96} }{-1.2} = \dfrac{12 \pm\sqrt{474} }{6}[/tex]

Which gives

The real roots are; x ≈ -1.62859, and x ≈ 5.62859

(c) The initial guesses are;

[tex]x_l[/tex] = 5, and [tex]x_u[/tex] = 10

The first iteration is therefore;

[tex]x_r = \dfrac{5 + 10}{2} = 7.5[/tex]

[tex]Estimated \ error , \ \epsilon _a = \left|\dfrac{10- 5}{10 + 5} \right | \times 100\% = 33.33\%[/tex]

[tex]True \ error, \ \epsilon _t = \left|\dfrac{5.62859 - 7.5}{5.62859} \right | \times 100\% = 33.25\%[/tex]

f(5) × f(7.5) = 2.5 × (-10.25) = -25.625

The bracket is therefore; [tex]x_l[/tex] = 5, and [tex]x_u[/tex] = 7.5

Second iteration:

[tex]x_r = \dfrac{5 + 7.5}{2} = 6.25[/tex]

[tex]Estimated \ error , \ \epsilon _a = \left|\dfrac{7.5- 5}{7.5+ 5} \right | \times 100\% = 20\%[/tex]

[tex]True \ error, \ \epsilon _t = \mathbf{\left|\dfrac{5.62859 - 6.25}{5.62859} \right | \times 100\%} \approx 11.04\%[/tex]

f(5) × f(6.25) = 2.5 × (-2.9375) = -7.34375

The bracket is therefore; [tex]x_l[/tex] = 5, and [tex]x_u[/tex] = 6.25

Third iteration

[tex]x_r = \dfrac{5 + 6.25}{2} = 5.625[/tex]

[tex]Estimated \ error , \ \epsilon _a = \left|\dfrac{5.625- 5}{5.625+ 5} \right | \times 100\% = 5.88\%[/tex]

[tex]True \ error, \ \epsilon _t = \mathbf{\left|\dfrac{5.62859 - 5.625}{5.62859} \right | \times 100\%} \approx 6.378 \times 10^{-2}\%[/tex]

f(5) × f(5.625) = 2.5 × (0.015625) = 0.015625

Therefore, the bracket is [tex]x_l[/tex] = 5.625, and [tex]x_u[/tex] = 6.25

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could you please answer this question clearly?

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What question? I only see yours

Is the iced water a pure substance? Why ?

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Answer:

ice water is pure depending on the purity of the water that was frozen

The ________ continuously monitors either crankshaft speed or possibly combustion chamber feedback that indicates misfiring cylinders.

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The misfire monitor continuously monitors either crankshaft speed or possibly combustion chamber feedback that indicates misfiring cylinders.

The misfire monitor continuously monitors either crankshaft speed or possibly combustion chamber.

What is a misfire monitor?

The misfire detection monitor serves as a term that describes the running of normal engine operating and driving conditions.

It is used by the PCM to determine the functionality of an engine and give feedback that indicates misfiring cylinders.

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For a bronze alloy, the stress at which plastic deformation begins is 275 MPa, and the modulus of elasticity is 115 GPa. (a) What is the maximum load that may be applied to a specimen with a cross-sectional area of 325 mm2 without plastic deformation

Answers

Answer:

89375 N

Explanation:

Rearrange the formula for normal stress for F:

[tex]\sigma=\frac{F}{A}[/tex]

[tex]F=\sigma*A[/tex]

Convert given values to base units:

275 MPa = [tex]275*10^{6}[/tex] Pa

325 [tex]mm^{2}[/tex] = 0.000325 [tex]m^{2}[/tex]

Substituting in given values:

F = [tex](275*10^{6})*(0.000325)=89375[/tex] N

Name the manufacturing process that the worker is using to create the workpiece. The manufacturing process carried out by the blacksmith in the image is the process of​

Answers

Answer:

Metamorphic manufacturing

Explanation:

I don't know what form of an answer you wanted but I hope this helps :)

With an example, describe the scaling issues and data volatility in IoT systems.

Answers

Answer:

What are some of the scalability issues in large IoT systems?

IoT Scalability Issues: 5 Essential Considerations

Large Wireless System Capacity. ...

Simplified Network Planning and Setup. ...

Interoperable Architecture. ...

Remote Network and Device Management. ...

Flexible and Scalable Software Infrastructure. ...

5 Common Myths about LPWAN for IoT Debunked.

Explanation:

بی با positions and engin drive​

Answers

Answer:

Un motor de paso es un motor eléctrico CC sin escobillas que divide una rotación completa en varios pasos iguales. Rota una distancia incremental específica por cada paso. El número de pasos que se ejecutan controla el grado de rotación del eje del motor.

Los motores de paso tienen cierta capacidad inherente para controlar la posición, ya que tienen pasos de salida integrados. Pueden controlar con gran precisión cuán lejos y cuán rápido rotará el motor de paso. El número de pasos que ejecuta el motor es igual al número de comandos de pulsos del controlador. Un motor de paso rotará una distancia y a una velocidad proporcional al número de la frecuencia de sus comandos de pulso.

Explanation:

A complete mix of an activated sludge system without primary clarification is used for treatment of municipal wastewater with a flowrate of 12 MGD. The plant components include four clarifiers with a diameter of 80ft and a side-water depth of 14ft. The aeration basin volume is 3 million gallons, the mixed liquor suspended solid concentration of 3,000 mg/L, and the solid's residence time is 5 days. The return activated sludge flow rate is 10 MGD. The effluent suspended solids concentration is negligible. Sludge is wasted from the aeration basin. What is the return of suspended solids concentration (mg/L)

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Answer:

sorry di ko alam

Explanation:

Complex machines are defined by
Otheir multiple moving parts.
Otheir use of several materials.
the fact that they are difficult to repair.
the use of digital controls for some features.
Previous Page
Next Page

Answers

Answer:

their multiple moving parts.

Explanation:

2. A 20 H inductor and a 10 H inductor are connected in parallel. The total circuit inductance is
O A. 4.68 H
OB.3.68 H
OC. 2.45 H
O D. 6.67 H

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Answer:

OB.3.68 is the answer btw please give thanks

899.99 Is to much right

Answers

Answer:

no not for all that in the set

Explanation:

depends on where you're gonna buy it at.
pic also looks fake so i wouldnt trust it.

Air enters a compressor operating at steady state at a pressure of 1 bar, a temperature of 290 K, and a velocity of 6 m/s through an inlet with an area of 0.1 m^2. At the exit, the pressure is 7 bars, the temperature is 450 K, and the velocity is 2 m/s. Heat transfer from the compressor to the surroundings occurs at a rate of 180 KJ/min, Assuming an ideal gas, find the power input to the compressor in kW.

Answers

Answer:

See attachment

Explanation:

Tech A says that it is best to use a knife or other type of sharp tool to cut away the insulation when
stripping a wire Tech B says that any issues with wing are more likely to be with the terminals than
with the wires themselves. Who is correct?

Answers

Tech A because it is best to use a knife

The rectifier is used to

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Answer:

A rectifier is an electrical device used to convert alternating current to direct current.

Explanation:

Hope this helps! Shalom

Convert 25.3 feet to meters

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heyy please let me know if it’s right or wrong but i believe it’s 7.711 meters have a good day !

it is a probabilistic question

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Explanation:

I can't see the whole question... How can I solve it?

Sketches are a very efficient way to share ideas.
True
False

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Answer:

yes

Explanation:

mechanical engineering Please describe how you have prepared for your intended major, including your readiness to succeed in your upper-division courses once you enroll at the university.

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Aspiring for success in a chosen major such as Mechanical Engineering would require a strong will or zeal to pull through and succeed, which is an ideal psychological prerequisite to success.

Additionally, Mechanical Engineering is a mix of Mathematics and Physics, a good background knowledge of these subjects would go a long way to ease your journey as it will aid the ability to grasp new concept and applications.

Similarly, simulation and software packages related to Mechanical Engineering should be held in high esteem. This is because it will aid in understanding the practical aspect of the course and certainly yield good result.

Hence, the combination of practical and theoretical knowledge in basic subject coupled with determination should be enough to succeed.

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Calculate the maximum value of shear flow, , in the web at a section 1m from the free end of the beam.

Answers

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

Since no figure was given, I'll explain how to do this problem theoretically. The formula for shear flow is [tex]q=\frac{VQ}{I}[/tex] where V is the shear force, Q is the moment of area (more on this later), and I is the moment of inertia.

The first step to solve this problem is to find the resultant internal forces of the beam. This can be done in several ways, but the easiest is to solve the beam statically and draw a shear diagram to determine the maximum shear force V.

The second step to solving this problem is to determine the location of the neutral axis of the cross section if it is not given. The formula for the neutral axis is  [tex]NA = \frac{\sum y*A}{\sum A}[/tex]. The y in this equation represents the middle of the small shapes that the web is divided into. An I-beam can be thought of as 3 rectangles, while a T-beam can be thought of as 2. The A in this formula represents the area of each of the rectangles (an I-beam will have 3 of these and a T-beam will have 2).

The third step for this problem is to find the moment of inertia. There are several formulas for moment of inertia depending on the shape of the cross section. I-beam's and T-beams both can be thought of as multiple rectangles, so they have the same base formula of [tex]I=\frac{1}{12}bh^3[/tex] where b is the base of the rectangles and h is the height. For I-beams, the easiest way to calculate moment of inertia is to think of the entire cross section as a big rectangle that had two smaller rectangles cut out of it. The formula for this moment of inertia becomes [tex]I=\frac{1}{12} b_{big}h^{3} _{big}-\frac{1}{6}b_{small}h^{3}_{small}[/tex]. Note that this form of moment of inertia already takes into account subtracting 2 small rectangles. For T-beams, this approach will not work, so the parallel axis theorem must be used. The moment of inertia for the T-beam becomes [tex]I=\frac{1}{12}b_{1} h^{3}_{1} +b_{1}h_{1}dy_{1}^{2} +\frac{1}{12}b_{2} h^{3}_{2} +b_{2}h_{2}dy_{2}^{2}[/tex] where the terms with the subscript 1 represent the first rectangle and the terms with the subscript 2 represent the second rectangle. The dy terms represent the distance from the center of that specific rectangle to the neutral axis.

The fourth step for this problem is to find Q. The formula to find Q is [tex]Q=\sum y'A'[/tex] where y' represents the distance from the neutral axis to the center of the "wanted" point and A' is the area of the rectangle that has the wanted point at its center. (This would be the area above or below the thickness (t) if you were solving for maximum shear [tex]\tau=\frac{VQ}{It}[/tex]).

The last step for this problem is to substitute the found values into the formula for shear flow [tex]q=\frac{VQ}{I}[/tex]. V came from step 1, Q came from step 4, and I came from step 3.

what is textile engreering

Answers

Answer:

Textile Technologists work with a variety of materials including man-made and natural textiles, leather, fur, plastic and metals. They may be responsible for developing fabrics for furnishings, clothing, household items, medical supplies, or textiles for use within the automotive industry.

A 1.5 m x1.5 m square footing is supported by a soil deposit that contains a 16.5 m thick saturated clay layer followed by the bedrock. The clay has μs = 0.50 and Es = 5,000 kN/m2 . The footing base is at 1.5 m below the ground surface. Determine the maximum vertical central column load so that the elastic settlement of the footing will not exceed 50.0 mm. If the square footing is replaced by a 1.2 m wide wall footing with all other conditions remaining the same.

Required:
What will be the elastic settlement under the same footing pressure?

Answers

Answer:

somewhere around 34.2223 meters thick but that's what I am estimating.

4. Why might a prototype be built with different materials than those used in the final
product?

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Explanation:

a prototype might be built with a different material because it is not the final product and cheaper materials might be used to test things out, to make sure it works before spending more money on it.

People who make 3D models do not need to know copyright laws.
True
False

Answers

Answer:

TRUE

Explanation:

Yes. The model is protected by copyright law, even if you don't know who created it.

how much force applied to an object of mass of 3 kg accelraion at 6/ms2

Answers

Answer:

F = ma

=3kg × 6/ms2

=18 N

Explanation:

Since, force is the product of mass and acceleration.

The force applied to an object is

Explanation:

mass=3 kg,

Acceleration=6/ ms2

force=?

Given

force= mass x Acceleration

= 3kg x 6

=18kg N ans

Other Questions
Please help me with this anology! help help help help help!Will give brainliest and thanks! A soft drink machine outputs a mean of 28 ounces per cup. The machine's output is normally distributed with a standard deviation of 3 ounces. What is the probability of putting less than 33 ounces in a cup? Round your answer to four decimal places. Term for 6+(4+x)=(6+4)+x Read the excerpt from "Egyptian Tombs: A Grave Matter.The pharaohs were aware of these crimes, so they took precautions. Many had their pyramids constructed with twisting pathways and decoy chambers. Only one secret passage led to the real tomb, and that was sealed off with huge granite blocks. Often guards were employed as well. Severe punishment awaited thieves who were caught, since the Egyptians considered grave robbery an outrageous crime.None of the pharaohs precautions stopped the thieves, however. Eventually, they realized that they needed a new place for buriala place that would protect their bodies and treasure for all of eternity. They found it in the Valley of the Kings, a barren area that was difficult to travel to. The pharaohs began putting underground tombs there in the sixteenth century BCE.Based on the sequence of events in the excerpt, which sentence best states a cause-and-effect relationship?Because so many graves were robbed, grave-robbing was considered a terrible crime.Because none of the precautions they took were effective, the pharaohs found a new burial ground in the Valley of the Kings.Because the graves were so heavily protected, there were very few instances of grave robberies in ancient times.Because there was only one way to enter most burial chambers, grave robbers were often stopped. Which index crime has the highest clearance rate?robberymurderarsonape Elctricas energy is whenA. Electrons moveB.protons moveC. gas is heated? which of these disorders is an inflammation of the kidneys? Which gang activity leads to legal consequences?dropping out of collegeassaulting people with or without deadly force missing less than half an entire school year disobeying caregivers and hanging out past curfew How many terms are in the polynomial 10x^2 + 5x - 11 in humans, which tissues are the main storage locations for glycogen? select all. What is the least common denominator of 1/8 and 2/3 Following a fire, a client has to have skin grafts done when the burn tissue is excised to promote new skin growth. The client asks for clarification about the various sources of skin grafts. After the explanation, the client has decided that the autograft is the best choice. What is an autograft 1234.5677. How does Article 4 contribute to the central ideas of the document? Graph this please any math expert please thank you Practice #2aDetermine the value of n. Show you work below or onthe diagram.TDo not put the units with your answer just the valueCheck answer9cm12cm So I will be doing guess the rest of the lyrics and the song throughout the days so you get it right I will give you more points than usual but you get it wrong you still get the points so yeah so here is the first one "She told me she loved me by the water fountain She told me that she loved me and she didn't love him. have funn! After you moved to New York you called meTo say read Kundera, and I found these two sentences about chance.Now I can't stop thinking about that night last year-We were just running errands, "out of necessity,".When we saw that house. It had no curtainsAnd at least 20 bare light bulbs shiningOn lamps without lampshades.I stopped the car and we both looked and wondered -So many bright lightsWe couldn't see through the glare.Your profile was lit up.This book that we are both reading nowSays, "While people are fairly youngAnd the musical composition of their livesIs still in its opening bars, they can go about writing itTogether, exchanging motifs." Today I closed the bookAnd thought of a reasonFor all those bare light bulbs.I imagined an old man, his sight going fast,Feeling his way towards one lightAnd then sending himself off towards another,Unaware of us outsideOr of his nearly ordinary houseBecome, for us, a constellation, guiding us andLighting up our world in a tiny way.In a way so insignificantI only mention it now because it lasts forever.Read the graphic organizer that relates to The Motif.Cause = Effect = The speaker cant stop thinking about something he saw last yearWhich statement would BEST complete the graphic organizer?A. Someone recommends a book to the speaker.B. Two sentences about chance bring to mind an experience.C. The speaker must run some errands.D. The speaker wonders why so many bright lights are burning. What is the prime factorization of 990?2 x 3 x 52 x 112 x 3 x 5x 112 x 32 x 5 x 1122 x 3 x 5x 11 Select the slope intercept form of an equation for a line with y-intercept =-5 and slope =2Please show your work :) please answer quick, ill give brainliest!