Answer:
Contents Home Courses University of California Davis UCD Chem 2C: General Chemistry III UCD Chem 2C: Larsen Text Unit 4: Chemical Kinetics Expand/collapse global location
4.7: Collision Theory
Last updatedSep 3, 2020
4.6: Using Graphs to Determine (Integrated) Rate Laws
4.8: Temperature and Rate
picture_as_pdf
Readability
Donate
Learning Objectives
Molecules must collide in order to react.
In order to effectively initiate a reaction, collisions must be sufficiently energetic (kinetic energy) to break chemical bonds; this energy is known as the activation energy.
As the temperature rises, molecules move faster and collide more vigorously, greatly increasing the likelihood of bond breakage upon collision.
Collision theory explains why different reactions occur at different rates, and suggests ways to change the rate of a reaction. Collision theory states that for a chemical reaction to occur, the reacting particles must collide with one another. The rate of the reaction depends on the frequency of collisions. The theory also tells us that reacting particles often collide without reacting. For collisions to be successful, reacting particles must (1) collide with (2) sufficient energy, and (3) with the proper orientation.
mark me as brainly
Answer:
It cannot collide as all molecules don't touch each other but if it does i don't know sorry
Explanation:
Calculate the number of moles of MgF2 that dissolved.
Moles of MgF₂ : 1.2 x 10⁻⁴
Further explanationMaybe the complete question is like this
A student prepares 100. mL of a saturated solution of MgF2 by adding 0.50 g of solid MgF2 to 100. mL of distilled water at 25°C and stirring until no more solid dissolves. (Assume that the volume of the undissolved MgF2 is negligibly small.) The saturated solution is analyzed, and it is determined that [F−] in the solution is 2.4 × 10−3 M.
The dissociation reaction of MgF₂
MgF₂(s)⇒ Mg²⁺(aq)+2F⁻(aq)
mol ratio MgF₂ : F⁻ = 1 : 2
mol of F⁻ in 100 ml solution :
[tex]\tt mol=M\times V\\\\mol=2.4\times 10^{-3}\times 0.1=2.4\times 10^{-4}[/tex]
mol MgF₂ :
[tex]\tt \dfrac{1}{2}\times 2.4\times 10^{-4}= 1.2\times 10^{-4}[/tex]
Hydrochloric acid is widely used as a laboratory reagent, in refining ore for the production of tin and tantalum, and as a catalyst in organic reactions. Calculate the number of moles of HCI in 62.85 mL of 0.453 M hydrochloric acid.
1) 28.5 mol
2) 1.04 mol
3) 0.139 mol
4) 0.0285 mol
5) 0.00721 mol
Answer:
Option 4
Explanation:
Hydrochloric acid is a strong one, that gives protons to medium. It can be dissociated as this:
HCl → H⁺ + Cl⁻
M means Molarity. It is a sort of concentration that indicates the moles of solute in 1L of solution.
M = moles / volume (L)
We can also say M = mmoles / mL of solution
M . mL = mmoles
0.453 M . 62.85mL = 28.5 mmoles
If we divide by 1000 → 28.5 mmol . 1 mol / 1000 mmol = 0.0285
A sample of compound contains 5.65x10 21 molecules molar mass of the compound is 89.06g/ mol determine the mass of the sample in grams
Answer:
Explanation:
no of molecules=5.65*10^21
NA=6.23*10^23
no of moles=no of molecules/avogadro number
no of moles=5.65*10^21/6.23*10^23
no of moles=9.07*10^-3
now we know that
no of moles=mass/molar mass
mass=no of moles*molar mass
mass=9.07*10^-3*89.06
mass=0.808 g
What happens when the compound MgO is formed?
Answer:
Oxygen receives two electrons from magnesium
Explanation:
At a particular pressure and temperature, nitrogen gas effuses at the rate of 79 mL/s. Under the same conditions, at what rate will sulfur dioxide effuse?
Rate of Sulfur dioxide : 2730.44 mL/s
Further explanationGraham's law: the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar masses or
the effusion rates of two gases = the square root of the inverse of their molar masses:
[tex]\rm \dfrac{r_1}{r_2}=\sqrt{\dfrac{M_2}{M_1} }[/tex]
or
[tex]\rm M_1\times r_1^2=M_2\times r_2^2[/tex]
MW of N₂ = 28 g/mol
MW SO₂ = 64 g/mol
[tex]\tt 28\times 79^2=64\times r_2^2\\\\r_2^2=\dfrac{28\times 79^2}{64}=2730.44~mL/s[/tex]
Explain the process of sedimentation
Answer:
Am coming to answer you ok
Which is the Lewis structure for H3PO4? An upper P is single bonded above to an O, and to the left, right, and below to an O single bonded to an H. The O above the P has three pairs of dots to the left, above, and below; the O's to the sides have pairs of dots above and below, and the O below the P has pairs of dots right and left. A central upper P is single bonded left, right, above, and below to upper Os. The O above the P is single bonded to upper H on the left and the right, and has two electron dots above it. The O below the P is single bonded to an H below, and has pairs of electron dots to the left and right. A central upper P is double bonded to an O above, and single-bonded to an upper O single-bonded to an upper H to the left and the right. The O above the P has three pairs of electron dots, to the left, above, and to the right; the O's to the right and left have pairs of dots above and below. A central upper P is bonded to an upper H above, an upper O below, and upper O's bonded to upper H's to the left and the right. The O below the P has three pairs of electron dots, to the left, right, and below; the other two O's have pairs of dots above and below. A central upper P is double bonded to an O above, and single-bonded to an upper O single-bonded to an upper H to the left and the right. The O above the P has three pairs of electron dots, to the left, above, and to the right; the O's to the right and left have pairs of dots above and below.
Answer:
It is A.
Explanation:
I took the test.
The Lewis structure shows the arrangement of valence electrons in H3PO4.
The Lewis structure gives us a picture of the number of valence electrons in a molecule. This is because, in a Lewis structure, the electrons in the molecule are shown as dots. A single line may be used to show shared electrons in a covalent bond.
The correct Lewis structure of H3PO4 is an upper P is single bonded above to an O, and to the left, right, and below to an O single bonded to an H. The O above the P has three pairs of dots to the left, above, and below; the O's to the sides have pairs of dots above and below, and the O below the P has pairs of dots right and left.
Learn more: https://brainly.com/question/4144781
What temperature (in °C) did an ideal gas shift to if it was initially at -10.0 °C at 4.62 atm and 35.0 L and the pressure was changed to 8.71 atm and the volume changed to 15.0 L
Answer:
-251.9°C
Explanation:
Given data:
Initial volume = 35.0 L
Initial pressure = 4.62 atm
Initial temperature = -10.0 °C (-10.0 +273 = 263.0 K)
Final temperature = ?
Final volume = 15.0 L
Final pressure = 8.71 atm
Solution:
According to general gas equation:
P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂
Now we will put the values,
4.62 atm × 35.0 L / 263.0 K = 8.71 atm × 15.0 L /T₂
T₂ = 8.71 atm × 15.0 L × 263.0 K / 4.62 atm × 35.0 L
T₂ = 34360.95 atm.L.K /161.7 atm.L
T₂ = 21.26 K
Kelvin to °C:
21.26 - 273.15 K = -251.9°C
This table shows four species of plants, with descriptions. Which species are most likely vascular? the bracken and the bog groove moss the thallose liverwort and the bog groove moss the bracken and the lemon tree the thalose liverwort and the lemon tree Mark this and return
Answer:
it is b
Explanation:
i just took test b
Answer:
C maneeeee
:)
Explanation:
what are 4 ways a mineral can form
Answer:
The four main categories of mineral formation are: (1) igneous, or magmatic, in which minerals crystallize from a melt, (2) sedimentary, in which minerals are the result of sedimentation, a process whose raw materials are particles from other rocks that have undergone weathering or erosion, (3) metamorphic, in which new minerals form at the expense of earlier ones owing to the effects of changing—usually increasing—temperature or pressure or both on some existing rock type, and (4) hydrothermal, in which minerals are chemically precipitated from hot solutions within Earth.
The mineral can be formed from volcanic gases, oxidation, crystallization from magma, sediment formation, or deposition from a saline fluid.
What is a mineral?A rock can be described as a collection of minerals. A rock that becomes so hot it melts and many minerals come out in liquids that are hot enough to melt rocks.
Magma can be defined as a melted rock inside Earth, a molten mixture of substances that can be hot to more than 1,000°C. When the magma cools slowly inside the earth, which provides mineral crystals time to grow large enough.
Granite is a rock that produces from slowly cooled magma, consisting of the minerals quartz, plagioclase feldspar which is shiny white, pink potassium feldspar, and black biotite.
When magma will erupt onto the surface of the Earth, it is known as lava. Lava cools more rapidly than magma when it is below the surface and mineral crystals do not have time to form. But the chemical composition remains the same as if the magma cooled slowly.
The mineral can be formed through hydrothermal processes, weathering, and metamorphic and igneous environments.
Learn more about minerals, here:
https://brainly.com/question/1333886
#SPJ2
Which of these electron transitions correspond to absorption of energy and which to emission?
a. n = 5 to n = 6 absorption emission
b. n = 9 to n = 6 absorption emission
c. n = 6 to n = 4 absorption emission
d. n = 6 to n = 7 absorption emission
Answer:
n = 5 to n = 6 absorption
n = 9 to n = 6 emission
n = 6 to n = 4 emission
n = 6 to n = 7 absorption
Explanation:
According to the Bohr's model of the atom. An electron in an atom may absorb energy and move from a lower energy level to a higher energy level. This requires absorption of energy that is equal to the energy difference between the two levels.
Similarly, an electron may move from a higher to a lower energy level, releasing energy that is equal to the energy difference between the higher and the lower level. This is known as emission.
Hence, if the electron is moving from a lower energy level to a higher energy level, an absorption has taken place, e.g n = 5 to n = 6
When an electron moves from a higher energy level to a lower energy level, an emission has taken place e.g n = 9 to n = 6
As you move from N to Bi, the metallic properties of the element
A. increases.
C. remains the same.
B. decreases.
D. does not follow a trend.
Answer:
b. decreases
Explanation:
i just took a test on it
As you move from N to Bi, the metallic properties of the element decrease. The correct option is B.
What are nitrogen and bismuth?Nitrogen is a chemical element, whose chemical element is N. Nitrogen is a gas and its atomic number is 7. It is a non-metal and is present in group 15 of the periodic table.
Bismuth is a chemical element, whose chemical element is Bi. It is a post-transition metal, and it is also present in group 15 of the periodic table near arsenic and antimony. Its atomic number is 83.
Now, nitrogen and bismuth are present in the same line and group. Nitrogen is the first element of the group and going down, there is bismuth present in the group last. So the metallic property decreases from going down the group.
Thus, the correct option is B. decreases.
To learn more about nitrogen and bismuth, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/24309770
#SPJ2
Industrially, vanadium metal, which is used in steel alloys , can be obtained by reacting vanadium oxide with calcium at high temperature:5Ca+V2O5➡️5CaO+2V
In one process, 1.540❎103g of V2O5 react with 2.010❎103gCa
A)Calculate the theoretical yield of v
B) calculate the percent yield if 823.0 g of V are obtained
Answer:
I think it's b probably wrong
suspension are mixtures composed of materials that are visible to the naked eyes true or false? in science subject
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Suspensions are referred to as mixtures composed of materials which are visible to the naked eyes . They are usually insoluble in the solvent .
The mixtures which are composed of materials and at the same time non visible to the naked eyes due to their very tiny size are referred to as colloids or colloidal particles in the field of science.
BRAINLIEST + 20 POINTS
How many atoms of Na would react with 1 mole of water?
2Na + H2O --> 2NaOH + H2
A. 2.408 x 10^23
B. 1.204 x 10^24
C. 2.408 x 10^24
D. 1.204 x 10^23
Answer:
The answer is C (filler)
Answer: b hope im not wrong
Explanation:
Suppose that you are a scientist who studies climate changes. While examining the rings of tree trunks, you notice several very large tree rings. What can you conclude about the climate during those years?
Answer:
The climate was wet and cold
Explanation:
Answer:
The large tree rings allow you to conclude that the climate was either very warm or wet during those growing seasons, because greater than normal growth occurred.
Explanation: It is the edge sample response
What are the moles of silver metal produced from 0.0999 mol of copper?
_Cu(s)+_AgNO3(aq) -> _Cu(NO3)2(aq)+_Ag(s)
Answer:
1234567i9812345678912121212121
HEEEELLLPPPP PLEASE I WILL MARK BRAINLIEST
You have two containers. The first container contains 22.99 grams of solid
sodium (Na). The second container contains 15.999 grams of Oxygen (O).
Which container has more moles of the indicated substance? *
Answer:
The sodium has more moles.
n(Na)=2.09 mole
n(O)=0.999 mole
How much (mL) of a 2.0 M sodium hydroxide solution would it take to neutralize 50 mL of a 6.0 M solution of hydrochloric acid?
Answer:
150ml
Explanation:
For this question,
NaOH completely dissociates. It is a strong base
HCl also completely dissociates. It is a strong acid
So we have this equation
m1v1 = m2v2 ----> equation 1
M2 = 2m
V1= ??
M2 = 6m
V2 = 50m
When we input these into equation 1, we have:
2m x v1 = 6m x 50ml
V1 = 6m x 50ml/2
V1 = 300/2
V1 = 150ml
Therefore NaOH that is required to neutralize the solution of hydrochloric acid is 150ml.
Thank you
What amount of moles of sodium chloride is needed to prepare 1.25 L of a salt solution with a concentration of 0.750 mol/L
Answer:
Number of moles = 0.94 mol
Explanation:
Given data:
Number of moles of sodium chloride = ?
Volume of sodium chloride = 1.25 L
Concentration of solution = 0.750 mol/L
Solution:
Formula:
Concentration = number of moles/ volume in L
By putting values.
0.750 mol/L = number of mole / 1.25 L
Number of moles = 0.750 mol/L×1.25 L
Number of moles = 0.94 mol
a certain quantity of gas occupies 20l at 50°c and pressure of 2 atm.at what pressure will the volume of the gas will be occupy 2L,if the temperature does not change?
Answer:
20atm
Explanation:
according to boyles law P1V1= P2V2
Which statement about hydrogen bonds is true?
Explanation:
Hydrogen bond is a type of intermolecular chemical bond formed between two molecules. It is classified as a special dipole-dipole attraction between polar molecules in which a hydrogen atoms is directly joined to a highly electronegative atom.
A hydrogen nucleus has a high concentration of positive charges. A hydrogen bond is actually an electrostatic attraction between the hydrogen atom (nucleus of one molecule and the electronegative atom, O or N or F) of a neighboring molecule. The strength of the bond depends on the relative electronegativity of the atom directly joined to the hydrogen. Hydrogen bonding forces is reflected in the physical properties of compounds such as water and ammonia.The proportion of the electronegativity of an atom that is directly hydrogen bonded to the hydrogen determines how strong the connection will be. This statement is true about hydrogen bonds.
An intermolecular chemical interaction known as a hydrogen bond is created when two molecules come together. When a hydrogen atom is linked directly to an atom that has a strong electronegative potential, it is categorised as a specific case of dipole-dipole attraction among polar molecules.
A hydrogen bond is essentially an electrostatic attraction among a neighbouring molecule's O, N, or F atom and its hydrogen atom, which is the nucleus of one of the molecules.
The proportion of the electronegativity of an atom that is directly bonded to the hydrogen determines how strong the connection will be.
Compounds like water and ammonia have physical characteristics that are influenced by hydrogen bonding forces.
To know more about hydrogen bond, here:
https://brainly.com/question/30885458
#SPJ6
Explain on the chemical structural basis why the products of the saponification reaction are soluble in water while the starting triglyceride is insoluble in water.
Answer:
The description is outlined in subsection downwards and according to the query given.
Explanation:
Saponification seems to be a procedure that requires the conversion or transformation of fat, grease, or lipid by either the intervention of heating a mixture of aqueous alkali towards soap as well as an alcoholic. Soaps contain fatty acid salts, however, mono-fatty acids contain carbon atoms, such as sodium palmitate. Therefore, throughout the water, individuals were indeed soluble. However, on another hand, owing to large hydrocarbon strings, triglycerides do not partake in hydrogen bonding. Therefore in water, they aren't dissolved.The solubility of a soap is due to the hydrophilic head which interacts with water.
A triglyceride is a compound that is based on propane 1,2,3 - triol where all the -OH groups have been replaced with fatty acid chains. The triglycerides are insoluble in water because it contains a long alkyl chain which does not interact with water.
However, a soap is a salt of a glyceride having a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail. The hydrophilic head is responsible for the solubility of the soap in water.
Learn more: https://brainly.com/question/9352088
what is the source of the force that moves the tectonic plates along this plate boundary
Answer:
Mantle convection
Explanation:
The source of the force that moves tectonic plates along plate boundaries is as a result of the mantle convection.
Heat energy produced in the mantle especially from radioactive decay is a very important source of internal heat that drives plate motion. Denser and cold materials close to the over-riding lithosphere above sinks deep into the mantle. Hotter and lighter materials rises to the surface. This sets up a convection cell by which the plates above are driven.Of the following, which element has the highest first ionization energy?
S
F
CI
O
Answer:
F
General Formulas and Concepts:
Ionization Energy (I.E): Amount of energy (joules) needed to remove an electron from the atomPeriodic TrendsExplanation:
The trend for 1st I.E increases to the right and up. Therefore, the top right corner of the Periodic Table would have the highest 1st I.E.
Oxygen and Fluorine are in Period 2 while Sulfur and Chlorine are in Period 3. We then know that Oxygen and Fluorine will have higher I.E's than Sulfur and Chlorine.
Oxygen is in Group 16 while Fluorine is in Group 17. Since Fluorine is farther to the right of the Periodic Table, it will have the highest I.E out of all 4 elements.
The reason why F has a larger I.E than O is because F has a larger Zeff. Since Fluorine has more protons in the nucleus than O, the FOA between the nucleus and the e⁻ are greater than those of O. Therefore, it takes more energy to remove an e⁻ from F than O.
The reason why F has a larger I.E than S and Cl is because S and Cl have more shielding effect than F. Since S and Cl has more core e⁻, it weakens the FOA between the nucleus and the outermost shell e⁻, thus making it easier to remove. F has less core e⁻ and therefore there is less of a shielding effect and thus the FOA is larger and requires more energy to remove.
FILL IN THE BLANKS (IMAGES ATTACHED)
Answer:
1chemical properties
2.chrmistry
3.precipitate
4.endothermic reaction
5.matter
6.physical property
7.chemical change
8.exothermic reaction
9.physical change
The Venmo diagram compares protons with electrons. Which shared property belongs in the region marked B?
In a classroom, which comparison would a teacher most likely use for describing a mole?
a cup of water and a liter of oil
a dozen eggs and a dozen jellybeans
a jar of jellybeans and a gram of salt crystals
20 marbles in a bag and 10 large ice cubes
Answer:
B
Explanation:
a mole is "a chemist's dozen" lol
A solution containing only Ba(OH) 2 in water has a pH of 13.9. What is the molar concentration of barium hydroxide in the solution?
a. 1.4 M
b. 0.70 M
c. 0.020 M
d. 0.040 M
e. 0.40 M
Answer:
The correct answer is e. 0.40 M
Explanation:
Ba(OH)₂ is a strong base, so it is completely dissociated into ions in aqueous solution:
Ba(OH)₂ → Ba²⁺ + 2 OH⁺
We know that pH + pOH = 14. Thus, we can calculate pOH as follows:
pOH = 14 - pH = 14 - 13.9 = 0.1
According to the definition, pOH = - log [OH⁻]. So, we calculate the concentration of OH⁻:
[OH⁻] = [tex]10^{-pOH}[/tex] = [tex]10^{-0.1}[/tex] = 0.79 M
Since, the dissociation equilibrium of Ba(OH)₂ shows that there are 2 moles of OH⁻ per mole of Ba(OH)₂, the concentration of Ba(OH)₂ is:
[Ba(OH)₂]= [OH⁻]/2 = 0.79 M/2= 0.397 M ≅ 0.4 M
