An organic chemistry student was studying the solubility of Methyl-N-acetyl-α-D-glucosaminide (1-O-methyl-GlcNAc), a derivative of glucosamine, in water but inadvertently added 1 equiv. of periodic acid instead. Based on your understanding of the reactions of monosaccharides with periodates, draw the organic product that the student obtained.

Answer:

5.73 g Cu

Explanation:

M(CuSO4) = 159.6 g/mol

M(Al) = 27.0 g/mol

M(Cu) = 63.5 g/mol

14.4 g Al * 1 mol/27.0 g = 0.5333 mol Al

14.4 g CuSO4 * 1 mol/159.6 g = 0.0902 mol CuSO4

                                2 Al         +     3CuSO4 ------->  3Cu + Al2(SO4)3

from reaction           2 mol               3 mol

given                     (0.5333 mol )x       0.0902 mol

needed                   0.0601 mol

x= 2*0.0902/3 = 0.0601 mol   Al

Al is excess, CuSO4 is a limiting reactant.

                               2 Al         +     3CuSO4 ------->  3Cu + Al2(SO4)3

from reaction                               3 mol                  3 mol

given                                            0.0902 mol         x mol

x = 0.0902 mol Cu

0.0902 mol Cu * 1 mol/63.5 g Cu = 5.73 g Cu

Answer:

D. Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons.

Explanation:

Nitrogen is an element in group 5A of the periodic table. Elements in group 5A all contain just 5 valence electrons. (Electrons in the outer shell).

**Elements are organized into these groups in a periodic table based on the number of valence electrons which determines their charge. (Does not apply to transition metals)

Answer:  a.CCl4 aka carbon tetrachloride

Explanation:

ionic compounds and polar molecules can be dissolved in water which is a polar solvent.

choice d (KF) is a salt (an ionic compound) and can be dissolved in water /(K+ and F- ions would be formed in water).

choice c (NH3 or ammonia) is a very polar molecule and thus can be dissolved in water(Hydrogen bonding).

choice b (CH3Cl) is slightly polar because the atoms surrounding the central carbon atom are different(3 H atoms and 1 chlorine atom) and can be dissolved in water(Dipole-dipole interaction).

choice a is nonpolar and cannot be dissolved in water.

Answer:

7.25 x 10^47

Explanation:

1.204 x 10^24 moles*6.022 x 10^23 avogadro's number= 7.25 x 10^47

Answer:

The balanced equation is given below:

SiO2 + 4HF —> SiF4 + 2H2O

The coefficients are 1, 4, 1, 2

Explanation:

The equation for the reaction is given below:

SiO2 + HF —> SiF4 + H2O

The above equation can be balance by as follow:

There are 4 atoms of F on the right side and 1 atom on the left side. It can be balance by putting 4 in front of HF as shown below:

SiO2 + 4HF —> SiF4 + H2O

Therefore are 4 atoms of H on the left side and 2 atoms on the right side. It can be balance by putting 2 in front of H2O as shown below:

SiO2 + 4HF —> SiF4 + 2H2O

Now the equation is balanced.

Answer:

Sol is a colloidal suspension with solid particles in a liquid. Foam is formed when many gas particles are trapped in a liquid or solid. Aerosol contains small particles of liquid or solid dispersed in a gas. While solid solution contain solid as solute in either solid, liquid or gas.

Answer:

1. Acid-Base Reaction

Explanation:

Fe(OH)2(s) + HCl(aq) = FeCl2(aq) + H2O(l)

base               acid

This a reaction between base and acid.

Ferrous hydroxide is an inorganic alkaline compound whereas hydrochloric acid is an acid. The reaction between Fe(OH)₂and HCl is an acid-base reaction. Thus, option 1 is correct.

An acid-base reaction is a chemical change that occurs and takes place when the reactant constitutes an acid and a base. They are characterized by the exchange of protons that results in the formation of conjugate bases and acids or salt.

The acid-base chemical reaction is shown as,

Fe(OH)₂(s) + HCl(aq) ⇒ FeCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l)

Here, ferrous hydroxide is a base with hydroxide ions and hydrochloric acid is an acid with hydrogen ions. HCl donates its proton to form water molecules with hydroxide ions of ferrous hydroxide.

Therefore, in option 1. the reaction is an acid-base reaction.

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Answer: 7.29 g of [tex]H_2S[/tex] will be produced from the given masses of both reactants.

Explanation:

To calculate the moles :

[tex]\text{Moles of solute}=\frac{\text{given mass}}{\text{Molar Mass}}[/tex]    

[tex]{\text{Moles of} H_2}=\frac{1.35g}{2.01g/mol}=0.672moles[/tex]

[tex]\text{Moles of} S_8=\frac{6.86g}{256.5g/mol}=0.0267moles[/tex]

[tex]8H_2+S_8\rightarrow 8H_2S[/tex]

According to stoichiometry :

1 mole of [tex]S_8[/tex] require = 8 moles of [tex]H_2[/tex]

Thus 0.0267 moles of [tex]S_8[/tex] will require=[tex]\frac{8}{1}\times 0.0267=0.214moles[/tex]  of [tex]H_2[/tex]

Thus [tex]S_8[/tex] is the limiting reagent as it limits the formation of product and [tex]H_2[/tex] is the excess reagent.

As 1 mole of [tex]S_8[/tex] give = 8 moles of [tex]H_2S[/tex]

Thus 0.0267 moles of [tex]S_8[/tex] give =[tex]\frac{8}{1}\times 0.0267=0.214moles[/tex]  of [tex]H_2S[/tex]

Mass of [tex]H_2S=moles\times {\text {Molar mass}}=0.214moles\times 34.08g/mol=7.29g[/tex]

Thus 7.29 g of [tex]H_2S[/tex] will be produced from the given masses of both reactants.

Answer:

Explanation:

a )

m = m₀ [tex]e^{-\lambda t[/tex]

m is mass after time t . original mass is m₀ , λ is disintegration constant

λ = .693 / half life

= .693 / 1590

= .0004358

m = m₀ [tex]e^{- 0.0004358 t}[/tex]

b )

m = 50 x [tex]e^{-.0004358\times 500}[/tex]

= 40.21 mg .

c )

40 = 50 [tex]e^{-.0004358t[/tex]

.8 = [tex]e^{-.0004358t[/tex]

[tex]e^{.0004358t[/tex] = 1.25

.0004358 t = .22314

t = 512 years .

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Arsenic is in the same group as Nitrogen - group 5. They all have 5 valence electrons in their outermost shell. To achieve its most stable state - 8 valence electrons (octet rule - elements are most stable when the entire shell is filled) - arsenic needs to gain 3 electrons. Since electrons have a negative charge, the charge of an As ion would be -3.

Try observing the periodic table and how many valence electrons that each element has. From there, you can determine the charges of the elements lithium and strontium. You can guess, I'll help you with those once you attempt to find the charge of those ions.

Answer: they blow up

Explanation: add them together and they will blow up

Answer:

Magnesium nitrate Reactions

Magnesium nitrate has a high affinity towards water. Therefore, heating it results to decompose into magnesium oxide, nitrogen oxides, and oxygen. 2 Mg(NO3)2 → 2 MgO + 4 NO2 + O2.

the second statement is the correct one quarks are needed to balance charges in all subatomic particles such as neutrons, protons and electrons

Answer:

N2H4

Explanation:

A hydride is a binary compound of hydrogen and another element. Binary compounds contain only two atoms. We have to x-ray the hydrides of nitrogen given in the question in order to make our choice. Remember that we were told that that the hydride contains its own volume of nitrogen and twice its volume of hydrogen.

Now consider the hydride N2H4.

N2H4(g) -----> N2(g) + 2H2(g)

The volume ration of nitrogen gas to hydrogen gas in N2H4 is 1:2.

The molecular mass of the compound is;

N2H4= 2(14) + 4(1)= 28+4= 32

Since

molecular mass= 2 vapour density

Vapour density= molecular mass/2

Vapour density= 32/2

Vapour density = 16

Therefore the hydride of nitrogen referred to in the question is N2H4

Answer:

B and D

Explanation:

If we use the info given we have a band a 3300 cm-1 and 2200 cm-1 this indicates that we have an alkyne functional group. Additionally, the hydrogenation of the unknown molecule will consume two moles of hydrogens this fits with the 2 pi bonds in the alkyne functional group. So, we can discard "a" and "e". The product of this hydrogenation is 2-methylhexane therefore we can discard c because the methyl group is placed on carbon 3. Structures b and d can work.

See figure 1

I hope it helps!

Answer:

1. In order to reach equilibrium COCl₂(g) must be consumed.

B. False

2. In order to reach equilibrium Kc must increase.

B. False .

3. In order to reach equilibrium CO must be consumed.

A. True.

4. Qc is greater than Kc.

A. True

5. The reaction is at equilibrium. No further reaction will occur.

B. False.

Explanation:

Based on the reaction:

COCl₂(g) → CO (g) + Cl₂(g)

And Kc is defined as:

Kc = 1.29x10⁻² = [CO] [Cl₂] / [COCl₂]

Molar concentrations of each species are:

[COCl₂] = 0.104 moles of COCl₂ / 1L = 0.104M

[CO] = 4.66×10⁻² moles of CO / 1L = 4.66×10⁻²M

[Cl₂] = 3.76×10⁻² moles of Cl₂ / 1L = 3.76×10⁻²M

Replacing in Kc formula:

4.66×10⁻²M × 3.76×10⁻²M / 0.104M = 1.68x10⁻²

As the concentrations are not in equilibrium, 1.68x10⁻² is defined as the reaction quotient, Qc.

As Qc > Kc, the reaction will shift to the left producing more COCl₂ and consuming CO and Cl₂. Thus

1. In order to reach equilibrium COCl₂(g) must be consumed.

B. False

2. In order to reach equilibrium Kc must increase.

B. False . Kc is a constant that never change.

3. In order to reach equilibrium CO must be consumed.

A. True.

4. Qc is greater than Kc.

A. True

5. The reaction is at equilibrium. No further reaction will occur.

B. False. The reaction is in equilibrium when Qc = Kc

Answer:

[tex]_1^{1} {P}[/tex] is symbol for proton emission in the nucleus.

[tex]_2^{4} {He}[/tex] symbolises alpha emission, equivalent to helium atom emission of a radioactive particle

[tex]+_1^{0} {e}[/tex] is the radiation symbol for positiron particle. which occurs when beta + radioactive decay occurs

Answer:

Metallic

Explanation:

"Metallic bonding is a type of chemical bonding that rises from the electrostatic attractive force between conduction electrons and positively charged metal ions. It may be described as the sharing of free electrons among a structure of positively charged ions." -Wikipedia

Answer:

Hypothesis is an assumption or idea about a particular topic or argument. An hypothesis should be one which is able to be tested and measurable to determine its authenticity.

A theory is an explanation of a scientific observation which has undergone series of experiments and is reproducible in any part of the world.

A law is simply a rule which gives an in depth explanation of a scientific finding. If new findings emerge the law could be changed or modified.

Answer:

Hydrogen peroxide is ans

Answer:

pH = 8.75

Explanation:

100.0mL of a 0.8108M of a butanoic acid (HC₃H₇CO₂, pKa 4.82) solution is titrated with 0.0520M KOH.

The reaction is:

HC₃H₇CO₂ + KOH → H₂O + KC₃H₇CO

Moles of butanoic acid are:

0.1000L × (0.8108mol / L) = 0.08108 moles of butanoic

For a complete reaction, volume of KOH must be added is the volume in which 0.08108 moles of KOH are added, that is:

0.08108 mol × (L / 0.0520mol) = 1.56L of KOH.

Total volume in equilibrium is 1.56L + 0.10L = 1.66L

That means concentration of butanoic acid is:

0.08108 mol / 1.66L = 0.04884M HC₃H₇CO₂

At equivalence point, there is just C₃H₇CO⁻ in solution

Kb of butanoic acid is:

C₃H₇CO⁻ + H₂O ⇄ HC₃H₇CO₂ + OH⁻

Kb = Kw / Ka

Ka = 10^-pKa

Ka = 1.51x10⁻⁵

Kb = 1x10⁻¹⁴ / 1.51x10⁻⁵ = 6.61x10⁻¹⁰

The equilibrium of Kb is:

Kb = 6.61x10⁻¹⁰ =  [HC₃H₇CO₂] [OH⁻] / [C₃H₇CO⁻]

As at equivalence point there is just C₃H₇CO⁻, the equilibrium concentrations are:

[C₃H₇CO⁻] = 0.04884M - X

[HC₃H₇CO₂] = X

[OH⁻] = X

Replacing in Kb:

6.61x10⁻¹⁰ =  X² / [0.04884M - X]

0 =  X² + 6.61x10⁻¹⁰X - 3.23x10⁻¹¹

Solving for X:

X = -5.68x10⁻⁶ → False solution. There is no negative concentrations

X = 5.683x10⁻⁶ → Right solution.

As [OH⁻] = X, [OH⁻] = 5.683x10⁻⁶.

pOH = - log [OH⁻]

pOH = 5.245

pH = 14 - pOH

Answer:

THE INITIAL TEMPERATURE OF THE SECOND SAMPLE IS 4.93 C OR 277.93 K

Explanation:

Mass of first sample of water = 106 g

Initial temp of first sample = 21.4  °C = 21.4 + 273 K = 294.4 K

Mass of second sample = 64.3 g

Final temp of theresulting mixture = 46.8  °C = 46.8 + 273 K = 319.8 K

Specific heat capacity of water = 4.184 J/g K

It is worthy to note that;

Heat gained by the first sample = Heat lost by the second sample

Since heat = mass * specific heat capacity * change in temperature, we have

Mass * specific heat * change in temp of the first sample  = Mass * specific heat * change in temp. of the second sample

MC (T2 - T1) = MC (T2-T1)

106 * 4.184 * ( 319.8 - 294.4) = 64.3 * 4.184 * ( 319.8 - T1)

106 * 4.184 * 25.4 = 269.0312 ( 319.8 - T1)

11 265.0016 = 269.0312 (319.8 - T1)

Since the change in temperature = 319.8 -T1

Change in temperature =11265.0016 / 269.0312

Change in temperature =  41.87

Change in temperature = 319.8 -T1

41.87 = 319.8 - T1

T1 = 319.8 - 41.87

T1 = 277.93 K

T1 = 4.93  °C

So therefore, the initial temperature of the sacond sample is 4.73  °C or 277.93 K

Answer:

Molarity: 0.111M

% (w/w): 0.666

Explanation:

The reaction of NaOH with acetic acid (CH₃COOH) is:

NaOH + CH₃COOH → CH₃COO⁻Na⁺ + H₂O

where 1 mole of NaOH reacts per mole of acetic acid producing 1 mole of water and 1 mole of sodium acetate.

As 39.26mL ≡ 0.03926L of 0.1062M are required to titrate the solution of acetic acid. Moles are:

0.03926L × (0.1062mol / L) = 4.169x10⁻³ moles of NaOH. As 1 mole of NaOH reacts per mole of acetic acid:

4.169x10⁻³ moles of CH₃COOH.

Molarity is defined as ratio between moles of substance and volume of solution in liters. Thus, molarity of acetic acid solution is:

4.169x10⁻³ moles of CH₃COOH / 0.03754L = 0.111M

As molar mass of acetic acid is 60g/mol, 4.169x10⁻³ moles weights:

4.169x10⁻³ moles × (60g / mol) = 0.2501 g of acetic acid

Now, assuming density of solution as 1.00g/mL, 37.54mL weights 37.54g.

Thus, percent by weight is:

0.2501g CH₃COOH / 37.54g × 100 = 0.666% (w/w)

The molarity of acetic acid is 0.11M and the percent by weight is 0.666%.

Molarity of any solution is used to define their concentration and it will be calculated as:

M = n/V, where

n = moles

V = volume

Molarity of acetic acid will be calculated as:

M₁V₁ = M₂V₂, where

M₁ = molarity of acetic acid = ?

V₁ = volume of acetic acid = 37.54mL = 0.037L

M₂ = molarity of NaOH = 0.1062M

V₂ = volume of NaOH = 39.26mL = 0.039L

On putting all these values on the above equation we can calculate the molarity as:

M₁ = (0.1062)(39.26) / (37.54) = 0.11M

Now we calculate the moles of acetic acid by using the molarity formula as:

n = 0.11M × 0.037L = 0.00407 moles

Molar mass of acetic acid = 60g/mole

Mass of 0.00407 moles of acetic acid = 4.1x10⁻³ moles×(60g / mol) = 0.2501 g

Density of solution = 1.00 g/mL

So, 37.54mL in 1g/mL = 37.54g/mL

Percent by weight will be calculated as:

%w/w = 0.2501g CH₃COOH / 37.54g × 100 = 0.666% (w/w)

Hence, molarity and %(w/w) of acetic acid is 0.11M and 0.666% respectively.

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Answer:

1.73 M

Explanation:

We must first obtain the concentration of the concentrated acid from the formula;

Co= 10pd/M

Where

Co= concentration of concentrated acid = (the unknown)

p= percentage concentration of concentrated acid= 37.3%

d= density of concentrated acid = 1.19 g/ml

M= Molar mass of the anhydrous acid

Molar mass of anhydrous HCl= 1 +35.5= 36.5 gmol-1

Substituting values;

Co= 10 × 37.3 × 1.19/36.5

Co= 443.87/36.6

Co= 12.16 M

We can now use the dilution formula

CoVo= CdVd

Where;

Co= concentration of concentrated acid= 12.16 M

Vo= volume of concentrated acid = 35.5 ml

Cd= concentration of dilute acid =(the unknown)

Vd= volume of dilute acid = 250ml

Substituting values and making Cd the subject of the formula;

Cd= CoVo/Vd

Cd= 12.16 × 35.5/250

Cd= 1.73 M

Answer : The net ionic equation will be,

[tex]Ba^{2+}(aq)+SO_4^{2-}(aq)\rightarrow BaSO_4(s)[/tex]

Explanation :

In the net ionic equations, we are not include the spectator ions in the equations.

Spectator ions : The ions present on reactant and product side which do not participate in a reactions. The same ions present on both the sides.

The given balanced ionic equation will be,

[tex]Ba(OH)_2(aq)+H_2SO_4(aq)\rightarrow 2H_2O(aq)+BaSO_4(s)[/tex]

The ionic equation in separated aqueous solution will be,

[tex]Ba^{2+}(aq)+2OH^-(aq)+2H^{+}(aq)+SO_4^{2-}(aq)\rightarrow BaSO_4(s)+2H^+(aq)+2OH^{-}(aq)[/tex]

In this equation, [tex]H^+\text{ and }OH^-[/tex] are the spectator ions.

By removing the spectator ions from the balanced ionic equation, we get the net ionic equation.

The net ionic equation will be,

[tex]Ba^{2+}(aq)+SO_4^{2-}(aq)\rightarrow BaSO_4(s)[/tex]

Answer:

FOR EVERY 10 DEGREE CELSIUS INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE, THE ACTIVATION ENERGY THAT SHOWS THIS IS 52.4 KJ/MOL

Explanation:

From Arrhenius equation, the relationship between the rate constant and the temperature is as shown below:

k = Ae^ -Ea/RT

At initial temperature T1, the initial rate constant is (k1)

At final temperature T2, the final rate constant is k2

For the reaction rate to be doubled, we must double the rate constant which shows that the ratio of k2 / k1 must be equal to 2.

That is, k2 / k1 = 2 (rate is doubled)

Equating this into the Arrhenius equation, we have:

k2 / k1 = Ae^ (-Ea / R ) (1/ T2 - 1/T1)

2 = e^ (-Ea / R) (1 / T2 = 1 / T1)

Taking the natural logarithm of both sides:

ln 2 = - (Ea / R) (1 / T2 - 1 / T1)

Making Ea the subject of the formula, we obtain:

Ea = - (ln 2 R / (1 / T2- 1 / T1))

Let T1 = 25 C = 25 + 273 K = 298 K

T2 = 35 C = 35 + 273 K = 308 K

R = 8.314

So,

Ea = - (ln 2 * 8.314 / ( 1/308 - 1 / 298))

Ea = - (0.693 * 8.314 / 0.00324 - 0.00335)

Ea = - 5.7616 / -0.00011

Ea = 52 378,18 J / mol

So therefore, the activation energy Ea is 52.4 kJ/mol.

Answer:

[Ne] 3s² 3p⁴

Electrons per shell: 2,8,6

Answer : 2,8,6 (Sulphur Atom)

                2,8,8 (Sulphur Ion)

Answer:

7.5 atm

Explanation:

Initial pressure P1 = 1.0 ATM

Initial volume V1= 196 L

Final pressure P2= the unknown

Final volume V2= 26000ml or 26 L

From Boyle's law we have;

P1V1= P2V2

P2= P1V1/V2

P2= 1.0 × 196/26

P2 = 7.5 atm

Therefore, as the air is compressed, the pressure increases to 7.5 atm.

Answer:

The products of the reaction are aqueous magnesium nitrate and solid copper metal. This subcategory of single-replacement reactions is called a metal replacement reaction because it is a metal that is being replaced (zinc)

Explanation:

The products of the reaction are aqueous magnesium nitrate and solid copper metal. This subcategory of single-replacement reactions is called a metal replacement reaction because it is a metal that is being replaced (zinc)

Answer:

1 particle of the gas would occupy a volume of 3.718*10⁻²³L

Explanation:

Hello,

1. The sample has a particle of 6.022×10²²particles

2. Volume of the sample = 22.4L

3. Temperature of the sample = 0°C = (0 +273.15)K = 273.15K

4. Pressure of the sample = 1.0atm

What volume would 1 particle of the gas occupy?

But we remember that 1 mole of any substance = 6.022×10²² molecules or particles or atoms

What would be the number of moles for 1 particule?

1 mole = 6.022×10²² particles

X moles = 1 particle

X = (1 × 1) / 6.022×10²² particles

X = 1.66×10⁻²⁴ moles

Therefore, 1 particle contains 1.66×10⁻²⁴ moles

Since we know our number of moles, we can proceed to use ideal gas equation,

Ideal gas equation holds for all ideal gas and is defined as

PV = nRT

P = pressure of the ideal gas

V = volume the gas occupies

n = number of moles of the gas

R = ideal gas constant = 0.082 L.atm / mol.K

T = temperature of the gas

PV = nRT

Solving for V,

V = nRT/ P

We can now plug in our values into the above

equation.

V = (1.66*10⁻²⁴ × 0.082 × 273.15) / 1

V = 3.718*10⁻²³L

Therefore, 1 particule of the gas would occupy a volume of 3.718*10⁻²³L.

Answer:

The correct IUPAC name for the organic reactant is :

d) 3-methylbutene

Explanation:

Firstly the  missing diagram is attached in the diagram below.

The objective of this question is to draw the major organic product and select the correct IUPAC name for the organic reactant. If there is more than one major product, both may be drawn.

From the image attached below; we would see the reaction that occurs between the alkene and the HBr (hydrobromic acid). What really occur in the reaction is that; in the presence of HBr with an alkene compound a secondary 2° carbocation is usually formed. This secondary 2° carbocation formed is usually unstable, so what we called an hydride shift occurs (Markovnikov's product) here to form a stable tertiary 3° carbocation.

The correct IUPAC name for the organic reactant is : 3-methylbutene