A spherical tank is 3 m tall and therefore has a capacity of about 14000 L (NOTE that 3m is its diameter, and one cubic meter is 1000 L). You have been asked to put level lines on the tank showing the depths where the tank contains 1000, 5000, and 10000 L of liquid. (a) Use calculus to determine the height of each line (to the nearest cm). (b) Plot the circular cross-section of the tank and the level lines (NOTE the lines do not have to stay within the circle).

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

(a) 1) When V = 1000 L, the height of the liquid in the tank is approximately 62 cm

2) When V = 5,000 L, the height of the liquid in the tank is approximately 106 cm

3) When V = 10,000 L, the height of the liquid in the tank is approximately 202 cm

b) The drawing of the spherical tank showing the height of the liquid level for each volume created with Microsoft Excel is attached

Step-by-step explanation:

(a) The height of the spherical tank = 3 m

The diameter of the spherical tank, d = 3 m

The capacity of the spherical tank = 14,000 L

The volume of a sphere, V = (4/3) × π × r³ =

Where, r = d/2

∴ r = 3 m/2 = 1.5 m

V = (4/3) × π × (1.5)³ ≈ 14.1371669412 m³

Using calculus, we have;

[tex]V = 2 \times \pi \times \int\limits^r_{0} {(r^2 - y^2)} \, dx = 2 \times \pi \times \left[r^2 \cdot y - \dfrac{y^3}{3} \right]^y_0[/tex]

For the two halves, we have;

[tex]V = \pi \times \left[r^2 \cdot y - \dfrac{y^3}{3} \right]^{\dfrac{y}{2}} _0 + \pi \times \left[r^2 \cdot y - \dfrac{y^3}{3} \right]^y_{\dfrac{y}{2}}[/tex]

[tex]V = 2 \times \pi \times \left[y^3- \dfrac{y^3}{3} \right]^y_0 = \dfrac{4 \cdot \pi \cdot y^3}{3}[/tex]

1) For V = 1000 L, we have;

[tex]1000 \ L = \dfrac{4 \cdot \pi \cdot y^3}{3}[/tex]

1000 L =

When V = 1000 L, we have;

[tex]y = \sqrt[3]{\dfrac{3 \times 1 \, m^3}{4 \times \pi } } \approx 0.62 \ m[/tex]

The liquid level, y ≈ 0.62 m = 62 cm

2) When V = 5,000 L, we have;

[tex]y = \sqrt[3]{\dfrac{3 \times 5 \, m^3}{4 \times \pi } } \approx 1.06 \ m[/tex]

The liquid level, y ≈ 1.06 m = 106 cm

3) When V = 10,000 L, we use the height of the unfilled volume at the top which is the volume of the sphere less the 10,000 L as follows;

For the volume of the sphere of 14,000 L, we have;

Volume at the top = 14,000 L - 10,000 L = 4,000 L = 4 m³

Therefore

[tex]y_{top} = \sqrt[3]{\dfrac{3 \times 4 \, m^3}{4 \times \pi } } \approx 0.985 \ m[/tex]

The height of the liquid in the tank, y = d - [tex]y_{top}[/tex]

∴ y = 3 m - 0.985 m = 2.015 m

The liquid level, y ≈ 2.015 m = 201.5 cm ≈ 202 cm

b) Please find attached the drawing of the spherical tank created with Microsoft Excel

A Spherical Tank Is 3 M Tall And Therefore Has A Capacity Of About 14000 L (NOTE That 3m Is Its Diameter,
Answer 2

a) (i) The level line for 1000 liters is set at a height of 0.486 meters.

(ii) The level line for 5000 liters is set at a height of 1.203 meters.

(iii) The level line for 10000 liters is set at a height of 1.926 meters.

b) The sphere is represented by the equation [tex]x^2+(y-1.5)^{2} = 2.25[/tex] and the level lines are represented by the linear functions [tex]y = 0.486[/tex], [tex]y = 1.203[/tex] and [tex]y = 1.926[/tex]. Please see the second image attached.

How to determine and plot the heights of a spherical tank

a) First, we derive an expression for the volume of a spherical section ([tex]V[/tex]), in cubic meters, in terms of tank radius ([tex]R[/tex]), in meters, and liquid height ([tex]h[/tex]), in meters. The volume can be found by using the slicing method integral equation:

[tex]V = \int\limits^{H}_{0} {A(h)} \, dh[/tex] (1)

Where:

[tex]A(h)[/tex] - Area of the infinitesimal circular cross section, in square meters. [tex]H[/tex] - Required height of the liquid, in meters.

If we know that [tex]A = \pi\cdot [R^{2}-(R-h)^{2}][/tex], then the volume formula is:

[tex]V = \pi\int\limits^H_0 {h\cdot (2\cdot R-h)} \, dh[/tex]

[tex]V = 2\pi\cdot R\int\limits^{H}_{0} {h} \, dh - \pi \int\limits^{H}_{0} {h^{2}} \, dh[/tex]

[tex]V = \pi\cdot R\cdot H^{2}-\frac{\pi\cdot H^{3}}{3}[/tex]

Then we obtain the following third order polynomial:

[tex]\frac{\pi\cdot H^{3}}{3}-\pi\cdot R\cdot H^{2}+V = 0[/tex] (2)

Now we proceed to solve numerically for each case:

Case 1 - [tex]R = 1.5\,m[/tex], [tex]V = 1\,m^{3}[/tex]

[tex]H = 0.486\,m[/tex]

The level line for 1000 liters is set at a height of 0.486 meters. [tex]\blacksquare[/tex]

Case 2 - [tex]R = 1.5\,m[/tex], [tex]V = 5\,m^{3}[/tex]

[tex]H = 1.203\,m[/tex]

The level line for 5000 liters is set at a height of 1.203 meters. [tex]\blacksquare[/tex]

Case 3 - [tex]R = 1.5\,m[/tex], [tex]V = 10\,m^{3}[/tex]

[tex]H = 1.926\,m[/tex]

The level line for 10000 liters is set at a height of 1.926 meters. [tex]\blacksquare[/tex]

b) The sphere is represented by the equation [tex]x^2+(y-1.5)^{2} = 2.25[/tex]level lines are represented by the linear functions [tex]y = 0.486[/tex], [tex]y = 1.203[/tex] and [tex]y = 1.926[/tex]. By a graphing tool we have the following result. [tex]\blacksquare[/tex]

To learn more on volumes, we kindly invite to check this verified question: https://brainly.com/question/1578538

A Spherical Tank Is 3 M Tall And Therefore Has A Capacity Of About 14000 L (NOTE That 3m Is Its Diameter,
A Spherical Tank Is 3 M Tall And Therefore Has A Capacity Of About 14000 L (NOTE That 3m Is Its Diameter,

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Answers

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